- Mamdani , M. 1996 . Citizen and Subject: Contemporary African and the Legacy of Late Colonialism Cape Town (The literature on indirect rule and segregation in its various forms rule is vast. The collection edited by W. Beinart and S. Dubow, Segregation and Apartheid in Twentieth-Century South Africa (London and New York, 1995) is a useful starting point. Mamdani's book deliberately seeks to break the formidable barriers dividing South African and African studies, while D.A. Low, in Lion Rampant: Essays in the Study of British Imperialism (London, 1973), treats the subject with historical depth and breadth
- 2000 . A Draft Discussion Document Towards a White Paper on Traditional Leadership and Institutions See, for example, (Department of Provincial and Local Government, 11 Apr. I have experienced this personally recently when an attempt at an historical intervention in the debate on the contemporary role of traditional authority was rejected as both ‘irrelevant’ and ‘too sensitive’
- Mamdani . Citizen and Subject 3
- concerned , J. and Ryan's , R. 2001 . Picturing Empire: Photography and the Visualization of the British Empire London In recent years critical studies on the visual history of empire have increased tremendously, and this article was originally presented as a paper at a Conference on ‘Art and the British Empire’ at Tate Britain in July. As far as photographs are (1997 is part of a series ‘Picturing History’. In southern African studies important positions were established by the collection edited by P. Skotnes, Miscast: Negotiating the Presence ofth Bushman (Cape Town, 1996), W. Hartmann, J. Silvester and P. Hayes, The Colonizing Camera: Photographs in the Making of Namibian History (Cape Town, 1998) and Kronos. Special Issue: Visual History, November 2001. It is to be hoped that one consequence of such literature is that historians will use visual evidence with some critical awareness. Having said this, the immediacy of visual sources, under the influence of contemporary trends in critical studies, has, I think, created analyses which, although presented as attempts at historical contextualization, in fact flatten and diminish what is essential to an historical approach—the retrieval and reconstruction of social process. Thus the proposal to put ‘visuality at the center of historical enquiry’ (Kronos, 6) suggests to me a project losing its way in a meaningless endeavour. Ultimately this article must give credit, not so much to recent trends in visual studies, but to a classic, John Berger's Ways of Seeing, first published by the BBC and Penguin in 1972, and still in print by Penguin. But see also the final footnote below
- This particular print is taken from Album C59 in the photographic collection of the Killie Campbell Africana Library, University of Natal, Durban. The full page is reproduced below
- 1859 . Izindatyana zabantu kanye nezindaba zas'eNatal Natal, Emgungundhlovu
- 1910 . Killie Campbell Africana Library, Stuart papers, Evidence of Lazarus Xaba, 1 May
- From the Zulu induna/izinduna, official/officials. When referring to the African officials working within the colonial administration I use the anglicised forms, induna/indunas
- Colenso , J. W. 1855 . Ten Weeks in Natal 46 Cambridge
- I intend to explore the manner in which visual evidence of this tour presents two different visions of South Africa's future in another article
- Sanders , P. 1975 . Moshoeshoe: Chief of the Sotho London See the cover of two major biographies of Moshoeshoe: (and L. Thompson, Survival in Two Worlds: Moshoeshoe of Lesotho, 1786–1870 (Oxford, 1975)
- 1861 . The Progress of His Royal Highness Prince Alfred Ernest Albert through the Cape Colony, British Kaffraria, the Orange Free State, and Port Natal in the year 1860 99 Cape Town (opposite
- The Visit of His Royal Highness Prince Alfred to the Colony of Natal (London, n.d.), 17
- James , D. 1999 . Songs of the Women Migrants: Performance an Identity in South Africa 36 – 7 . Johannesburg
- This account of the event can be found in The Progress … of Prince Alfred, 95–99
- 1908 . The Letters of Queen Victoria, vol. 3 (London, 410, n
- The Progress of… Prince Alfred, opposite 89
- The Visit… of Prince Alfred, 16
- The Visit… of Prince Alfred, 19–20
- 1862 . I have yet to find a copy of the photograph of Ngoza in ‘war costume’ which Mann included in hundreds of exhibits which formed the ‘Natal Contribution to the International Exhibition of’
- 1998 . Illustrated London News For the and its role and enormous significance in the development of the popular press and ideas in the first twenty years of its existence, see P.W. Sinnema, Dynamics of the Pictured Page: Representing the Nation in the Illustrated London News (Aldershot
- Guy , J. 1983 . The Heretic: A Study of the Life of John William Colenso Braamfontein A reference to William Ngidi ‘the intelligent Zulu’: see
- Mann , R. J. 1867 . ‘The Black Population of the British Colony of Natal, South Africa: A Preliminary Sketch’ . The Intellectual Observer: Review of Natural History Microscopic Research and Recreative Science , 10 : 184 – 93 . (It is in this article that the origins and history of the Ngoza photograph which forms the subject of this article is established
- Ching-Liang , G. Low . 1996 . White Skins/Black Masks: Representation and Colonialism 86 – 90 . London and New York See, for example
- Clegg , J. 1981 . “ ‘Ukubuyisa Isidumbu—“Bringing Back the Body”’ ” . In Working Papers in Southern African Studies Edited by: Bonner , P. Johannesburg in, ed.
- I thank Creina Alcock, of Mdukutshani, for this information
- Lightman , B. 1997 . Victorian Science in Context Chicago
- Lorimer , D. A. ‘Images of Race’, in Lightman, Victorian Science in Context.
- 1868 . Lorimer writes that it appeared as a serial publication in 32 parts between and 1870. The copy I have consulted appears to have been published as a complete volume in 1874 and is entitled ‘Africa’. J.G. Wood, The Natural History of Man;Being an Account of the Manners and Customs of the Uncivilized Races of Men. With New Designs by Angas, Danby, Wolf Zwecker etc etc engraved by the Brothers Dalziel. Africa (London, 1874)
- Wood, Natural History of Man, Preface
- Wood, Natural History of Man, Preface. I have located a number of prints of photographs that Wood and his illustrators used and would dispute the validity of this assertion in most cases
- Cowling , M. 1989 . The Artist as Anthropologist: The Representation of Type and Character in Victorian Art Cambridge See
- Compare the pattern of the shield here with the one at the bottom of the page of Illustration 3
- 2002 . As far as my research at the moment is concerned—September
- 1879 . The images of Ngoza in the back numbers of the metropolitan press do not seem to have been utilized directly to illustrate the invasion. The first illustrations to appear were done so hastily as to be inadequate even fraudulent. They were soon followed by engravings based on sketches done by special correspondents at the front
- MacKenzie , J. M. 1984 . Propaganda and Empire: The Manipulation of British Public Opinion, 1880–1960 90 Manchester
- Were , G. S. 1974 . A History of South Africa London The engraving of Ngoza appears in (as ‘Zulu Chiefs’, 14
- Saunders , C. 1979 . Black Leaders in Southern African History London (Mswati, 62, photo. Credited to the Swaziland National Archives
- Parsons , N. 1982 . A New History of South Africa London and Basingstoke With the qualification ‘reputed’. See (: ‘Reputed portrait of Mswati, Swazi king (1840–68), sitting in the centre among his chiefs’, credited to the BBC Hulton Picture Library, 137
- 1840 . Zulu Chief Goza and izinduna in traditional dress (s). (Killie Campbell)' in C. Ballard, The House of Shaka: The Zulu Monarchy Illustrated (Durban, 1988), probably taken from one of the many misleading marginal identifications in the photographs of the Campbell Collections, which someone has later amended to Ngoza
- 1998 . Journal of Natal and Zulu History , 18 See my ‘Battling with Banality’
- Webb , C. de B. , Wright , J. B. , Webb , C. de B. and Wright , J. B. , eds. 1912 . The James Stuart Archive See especially the evidence of Gxubu ka Luduzo, taken on 27 January, in, eds, The James Stuart Archive, vol. 2 (Pietermaritzburg and Durban, 1979), 83–97
- Laband , J. 1995 . Rope of Sand: The Rise and Fall of the Zulu Kingdom in the Nineteenth Century Johannesburg (photograph 20
- The incorrect date is probably the result of identifying the photograph with the date that its engraving appeared in the Illustrated London News, see above. Other inaccuracies appear to have their origin in an uncritical acceptance of the evidence as presented by Stuart and editorial interpolations
- Knight , I. 1995 . The Anatomy of the Zulu Army from Shaka to Cetshwayo 1818–1879 London (and I. Knight, Great Zulu Battles 1838–1906 (London, 1998)
- Luduzo , Gxubu ka . 1976 . The James Stuart Archive , 1 (), 159
- kaNobebe , Magidigidi . 1979 . The James Stuart Archive , 2 : 87
- Laband . Rope of Sand 157–8
- Mitchell's , W. J. T. 1995 . Picture Theory: Essays on Verbal and Visual Representation Chicago and London It has been obvious from the first page of this article that my approach to art in empire is that of a historian of empire. But I use the typographical convention image/text here to acknowledge the influence of (which persuaded me, in such a challenging and fascinating manner, of the need to analyse image and text as integrated representations
South African Historical Journal
Volume 47, 2002 - Issue 1