- Harries , P. 1981 . ‘Slavery, Social Incorporation and Surplus Extraction: The Nature of Free and Unfree Labour in South-East Africa’ . Journal of African History , 22 : 2 313
- Cobbing , J. 1988 . ‘The Mfecane as Alibi: Thoughts on Dithakong and Mbolompo’ . Journal of African History , 29 : 3 – 519 . 487
- Ibid. , 517 518
- Kopytoff , I. 1989 . “ ‘The Internal African Frontier The Making of African Political Culture’ ” . In The African Frontier: The Reproduction of Traditional African Societies Edited by: Kopytoff , I. 3 – 84 . Bloomington and Indianapolis in, ed.
- Evers , T. M. and Hammond-Tooke , W. D. “ The Emergence of South African Chiefdoms: An Archaeological Perspective ” . African Studies, 45,1 (1986), 37–41;T. Maggs and G. Whitelaw, ‘A Review of Recent Archaeological Research on Food-Producing Communities in Southern Africa’, Journal of African History 32, 1 (1991), 3–24. See also S. Hall, ‘“Difaqane” Caverns: A Preliminary Assessment of Age, Content and Structure’ (Paper presented at ‘The “Mfecane” Aftermath: Towards a New Paradigm’ Colloquium, University of the Witwatersrand, Sep. 1991)
- Cobbing , J. “ Overturning “The Mfecane”: A Reply to Elizabeth Eldredge ” . (Paper presented at ‘The “Mfecane” Aftermath: Towards a new Paradigm’ Colloquium, University of the Witwatersrand, Sep. 1991), 38
- See particularly Cobbing, ‘The Mfecane as Alibi’, 492–500;Cobbing, ‘Overturning “the Mfecane”’, 22–31;J. Richner, ‘The Withering Away of the “Lifaqane”: Or a Change of Paradigm’ (BA Hons thesis, Rhodes University, 1988), chapter 3
- Cobbing, “The Mfecane as Alibi’, 488
- Cobbing, ‘Overturning “The Mfecane”’, 36–7, emphasis in the original
South African Historical Journal
Volume 25, 1991 - Issue 1