Understanding the denial of abuses of human rights connected to sports mega-eventsFootnote^*

* This article draws upon research carried out in Brazil and the UK since 2010. It develops presentations originally given at the University of Brighton in 2013, the Leeds Beckett University in 2016, and the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro in 2013 and 2014.

References

• Adams, A., & Piekarz, M. (2015). Sport events and human rights: positive promotion or negative erosion? Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 7, 220–236.10.1080/19407963.2014.997864
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AMPVA. (2012). Plano Popular da Vila Autódromo: Plano de Desenvolvimento Urbano, Econômico, Social e Cultural. Rio de Janeiro: AMVPA (Associação de Moradores e Pescadores da Vila Autódromo).
   Google Scholar
• Barbassa, J. (2015). Dancing with the Devil in the City of God: Rio de Janeiro on the Brink. New York, NY: Touchstone.
   Google Scholar
• Bartelt, D. D. (n.d.). The other side of the medal. Berlin: Heinrich-Boll-Stiftung, The Green Political Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Blackburn, R. (2011). Reclaiming human rights. New Left Review, 69, 126–138.
   Google Scholar
• Bowater, D. (2015, February 4). Brazil Rio: Rare victory for residents in regeneration battle. BBC News. Latin America & Caribbean. Retrieved July 31, 2015, from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-31090761
   Google Scholar
• Boykoff, J. (2014). Activism and the Olympics: Dissent at the Games in Vancouver and London. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Boykoff, J. (2016). Power games. A political history of the Olympics. London: Verso.
   Google Scholar
• Braathen, E., Mascarenas, G., & Sorboe, C. (2015). Rio’s ruinous mega-events. In P. Bond & A. Garcia (Eds.), BRICS. An anti-capitalist critique (pp. 186–199). London: Pluto.
   Google Scholar
• Broudehoux, A.-M. (2016). Mega-events, urban image construction and the politics of exclusion. In R. Gruneau & J. Horne (Eds.), Mega-events and globalization: Capital and spectacle in a changing world order (pp. 113–130). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Brownell, S. (2012). Human rights and the Beijing Olympics: Imagined global community and the transnational public sphere. The British Journal of Sociology, 63, 306–327.10.1111/j.1468-4446.2012.01411.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burawoy, M., & von Holdt, K. (2012). Conversations with Bourdieu-The Johannesburg moment. Johannesburg: University of Witwatersrand Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, S. (1996). Government responses to human rights reports: Claims, denials and counterclaims. Human Rights Quarterly, 18, 517–543.10.1353/hrq.1996.0028
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, S. (2001). States of denial: Knowing about atrocities and suffering. Cambridge: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, S. (2002). ‘The cultural politics of moral panics’ Foreword to Folk Devils and Moral Panics (3rd ed.). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, S. (2010, December 10–12). The political Agenda of moral panic theory: Constructing a sociology of importance. Paper delivered at the ‘Moral Panics in the Contemporary World’ conference, Brunel University. Retrieved September 1, 2016, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xV5-HFqY0PY
   Google Scholar
• Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions (COHRE). (2007). Fair play for housing rights: Megaevents, olympic games and housing rights. Geneva: Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions.
   Google Scholar
• Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions (COHRE). (2008). One world, whose dream? Housing rights violations and the Beijing Olympic games. Geneva: Centre on Housing Rights and Evictions.
   Google Scholar
• Donnelly, P. (2008). Sport and human rights. Sport in Society, 11, 381–394.10.1080/17430430802019326
   Google Scholar
• Downes, D., Rock, P., Chinkin, C., & Gearty, C. (2007). Introduction. In D. Downes, P. Rock, C. Chinkin, & C. Gearty (Eds.), Crime, social control and human rights. From moral panics to states of denial: Essays in honour of Stanley Cohen (pp. xix–xxviii). Cullompton: Willan Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Faulhaber, L., & Azevedo, L. (2015). SMH 2016: Removals in the Olympic City [English translation of SMH 2016: Remocoes no Rio de Janeiro Olimpico]. Rio de Janeiro: Morula Editorial.
   Google Scholar
• Fichino, D., Mourinho, G., & Campagnani, M. (2016). Human rights violations in the Olympic city. Rio de Janeiro: Justica Global.
   Google Scholar
• Fraser, N. (1997). Justice interruptus: Critical reflections on the ‘postsocialist’ condition. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Freeman, M. (2011). Human rights: An interdisciplinary approach (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Giulianotti, R., Armstrong, G., Hales, G., & Hobbs, D. (2015a). Sport mega-events and public opposition: A sociological study of the London 2012 Olympics. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 39, 99–119.10.1177/0193723514530565
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giulianotti, R., Armstrong, G., Hales, G., & Hobbs, D. (2015b). Global sport mega-events and the politics of mobility: The case of the London 2012 Olympics. British Journal of Sociology, 66, 118–140.10.1111/1468-4446.12103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glaser, E. (2011). Get real: How to tell it like it is in a world of illusions. London: Fourth Estate.
   Google Scholar
• Gotham, K. F. (2016). Beyond bread and circuses: Mega-events as forces of creative destruction. In R. Gruneau & J. Horne (Eds.), Mega-events and globalization: Capital and spectacle in a changing world order (pp. 31–47). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Harvey, D. (2012). Rebel cities. London: Verso.
   Google Scholar
• Harvey, J., Horne, J., Safai, P., Darnell, S., & Courchesne-O’Neill, S. (2014). Sport and social movements: From the local to the global. London: Bloomsbury.
   Google Scholar
• Hayes, G., & Horne, J. (2011). Sustainable development, shock and awe? London 2012 and civil society. Sociology, 45, 749–764.10.1177/0038038511413424
   Google Scholar
• Horne, J. (2007). The four “knowns” of sports mega-events. Leisure Studies, 26, 81–96.10.1080/02614360500504628
   Google Scholar
• Horne, J. (2017). Sports mega-events: Mass media and symbolic contestation. In L. Wenner & A. Billings (Eds.), Sport, media and mega-events (pp. 19–32). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Horne, J., & Whannel, G. (2010). The ‘caged torch procession’: Celebrities, protesters and the 2008 Olympic torch relay in London, Paris and San Francisco. Sport in Society, 13, 760–770.10.1080/17430431003650950
   Google Scholar
• Horne, J., & Whannel, G. (2012). Understanding the Olympics. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Horne, J., & Whannel, G. (2016). Understanding the Olympics (2nd ed.). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hunt, L. (2007). Inventing human rights: A history. New York, NY: Norton.
   Google Scholar
• Jennings, A. (1996). The new lords of the rings: Olympic corruption and how to buy gold medals. London: Pocket Books.
   Google Scholar
• Jennings, A. (2006). Foul! The secret world of FIFA: Bribes, vote rigging and ticket scandals. London: Harper Sport.
   Google Scholar
• Kelso, P. (2004, August 30). Human rights shadow over Beijing games. The Guardian. Retrieved December 2, 2014, from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/aug/30/china.athensolympics2004
   Google Scholar
• Kennelly, J. (2016). Olympic exclusions. Youth, poverty and social legacies. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Kidd, B. (2008). A new social movement: Sport for development and peace. Sport in Society: Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics, 11(4), 370–380.
   Google Scholar
• Kidd, B., & Donnelly, P. (2000). Human rights in sports. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 35, 131–148.10.1177/101269000035002001
   Google Scholar
• Lenskyj, H. J. (2002). The best Olympics ever? Social impacts of Sydney 2000. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lenskyj, H. J. (2008). Olympic industry resistance. Challenging Olympic power and propaganda. Albany: State University of New York Press.
   Google Scholar
• McCann, B. (2014). Hard times in the Marvellous city. From dictatorship to democracy in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Meade, T. A. (1997). “Civilizing” Rio. Reform and resistance in a Brazilian City, 1889–1930. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Moyn, S. (2010). The last utopia: Human rights in history. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Olds, K. (1998). Urban mega-events, evictions and housing rights: The Canadian case. Current Issues in Tourism, 1(1), 2–46.10.1080/13683509808667831
   Google Scholar
• de Oliveira, N. G. (2015). O poder dos jogos e os jogos de poder: interesses em campo na produção da cidade para o espetáculo esportivo [The power of games and the games of power]. Rio de Janeiro: UFRJ/Anpur.
   Google Scholar
• Oreskes, N., & Conway, E. M. (2010). Merchants of doubt. New York, NY: Bloomsbury.
   Google Scholar
• Perlman, J. (2010). Favela. Four decades of living on the edge in Rio de Janeiro. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Porter, L., Jaconelli, M., Cheyne, J., Eby, D., & Wagenaar, H. (2009). Planning displacement: The real legacy of major sporting events. Planning Theory and Practice, 10, 395–418.10.1080/14649350903229828
   Google Scholar
• Price, M. (2008). On seizing the Olympic platform. In M. Price & D. Dayan (Eds.), Owning the Olympics: Narratives of the New China (pp. 86–114). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.10.3998/nmw.5646196.0001.001
   Google Scholar
• Ritchie, B., & Hall, M. (1999, September 13). Mega-events and human rights. In T. Taylor (Ed.), How you play the game: The contribution of sport to the protection of human rights, First International Conference on Sports and Human Rights (pp. 102–115), Sydney: Faculty of Business, University of Technology.
   Google Scholar
• Robertson, R. (1992). Globalization. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Rolnik, R. (2009). Report of the UN’s special rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living, and on the right to non discrimination in this context. New York, NY: United Nations General Assembly, A/HRC/13/20.
   Google Scholar
• Rolnik, R. (2015). Preface. In L. Faulhaber & L. Azevedo (Eds.). SMH 2016: Removals in the Olympic City (pp. 9–13). Rio de Janeiro: MV Serviços e Editora LTDA-Mórula Editorial.
   Google Scholar
• Silvestre, G. (2016). Rio de Janeiro 2016. In J. Gold & M. Gold (Eds.), Olympic Cities (3rd ed.). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Simson, V., & Jennings, A. (1992). The lords of the rings: Power, money & drugs in the modern Olympics. London: Simon & Schuster.
   Google Scholar
• Stammers, N. (2009). Human rights and social movements. London: Pluto.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, L. (2007). The other side of the street: An interview with Stan Cohen. In D. Downes, P. Rock, C. Chinkin, & C. Gearty (Eds.), Crime, social control and human rights. From moral panics to states of denial: Essays in honour of Stanley Cohen (pp. 18–25). Cullompton: Willan.
   Google Scholar
• Therborn, G. (2011). The world. A beginner’s guide. Cambridge: Polity.
   Google Scholar
• Tilly, C. (2004). Social movements, 1768–2004. Boulder, CO: Paradigm.
   Google Scholar
• Timms, J. (2012). The Olympics as a platform for protest: A case study of the London 2012 ‘ethical’ Games and the Play Fair campaign for workers’ rights. Leisure Studies, 31, 355–372.10.1080/02614367.2012.667821
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timms, J. (2017). The relay of mega-event activism. In N. Salazar, C. Timmerman, J. Wets, L. Gama Gato, & S. Van den Broucke (Eds.), Mega-event mobilities: A critical analysis (pp. 108–127). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Vainer, C., Broudehoux, A.-M., Sanchez, F., & Oliveira, F. L. (Eds.). (2016). Os Megaeventos e a cidade. Perspectivas criticas [Mega-events and the city. Critical perspectives]. Rio de Janeiro: Letra Capital Editora.
   Google Scholar
• Watts, J. (2013, June 19). Sepp Blatter urges Brazil protesters not to link grievances to football. The Guardian. Retrieved December 2, 2014, from http://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/jun/19/sepp-blatter-brazil-football-protests
   Google Scholar
• Worden, M. 2015. Raising the bar: Mega-sporting events and human rights. Human Rights Watch World Report 2015. Retrieved March 16, from http://www.hrw.org/world-report/2015/essays/raising-bar
   Google Scholar
• Zimbalist, A. (2015). Circus maximus. The economic gamble behind hosting the Olympics and the World Cup. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zirin, D. (2016). Brazil’s dance with the devil: The World Cup, the Olympics and the fight for democracy (revised ed.). Chicago, IL: Haymarket Books.
   Google Scholar