16,036
Views
164
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Papers

The development and maintenance of mental toughness: Perceptions of elite performers

, , &
Pages 83-95 | Accepted 01 Mar 2007, Published online: 20 May 2008

References

  • Bloom , B. 1985 . Developing talent in young people , New York : Ballantine .
  • Bull , S. , Albinson , J. and Shambrook , C. 1996 . The mental game plan: Getting psyched for sport , Eastboune, , UK : Sports Dynamics .
  • Bull , S. , Shambrook , C. , James , W. and Brookes , J. 2005 . Towards an understanding of mental toughness in English cricketers . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 17 : 209 – 227 .
  • Clough , P. , Earle , K. and Sewell , D. 2002 . “ Mental toughness: The concept and its measurement ” . In Solutions in sport psychology , Edited by: Cockerill , I. 32 – 44 . London : Thomson .
  • Durand-Bush , N. and Salmela , J. 2002 . The development and maintenance of expert athletic performance: Perceptions of world and Olympic champions . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 14 : 154 – 171 .
  • Goldberg , A. 1998 . Sports slump busting: 10 steps to mental toughness and peak performance , Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics .
  • Gould , D. , Dieffenbach , K. and Moffett , A. 2002 . Psychological characteristics and the development of Olympic champions . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 14 : 172 – 204 .
  • Gould , D. , Eklund , R. and Jackson , S. 1993 . Coping strategies used by U.S. Olympic wrestlers . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 64 : 83 – 93 .
  • Gould , D. , Hodge , K. , Peterson , K. and Petlichkoff , L. 1987 . Psychological foundations of coaching: Similarities and differences among intercollegiate wrestling coaches . The Sport Psychologist , 1 : 293 – 308 .
  • Hanton , S. , Cropley , B. , Neil , R. , Mellalieu , S. D. and Miles , A. 2007 . Experience in sport and its relationship with competitive anxiety . International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 5 : 28 – 53 .
  • Hanton , S. and Jones , G. 1999 . The acquisition and development of cognitive skills and strategies I. Making the butterflies fly in formation . The Sport Psychologist , 13 : 1 – 21 .
  • Hanton , S. , Wadey , R. and Connaughton , D. 2005 . Debilitative interpretations of competitive anxiety: A qualitative examination of elite performers . European Journal of Sports Science , 5 : 123 – 136 .
  • Jones , G. , Hanton , S. and Connaughton , D. 2002 . What is this thing called mental toughness? An investigation with elite performers . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 14 : 211 – 224 .
  • Jones , G. , Hanton , S. and Connaughton , D. 2007 . A framework of mental toughness in the world's best performers . The Sport Psychologist , 21 : 243 – 264 .
  • Khoshaba , D. and Maddi , S. 1999 . Early experiences in hardiness development . Consulting Psychology Journal , 51 : 106 – 116 .
  • Kelly , G. 1955 . The psychology of personal constructs , New York : Norton .
  • Lincoln , Y. and Guba , E. 1985 . Naturalistic inquiry , Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
  • Mellalieu , S. , Hanton , S. and Fletcher , D. 2006 . “ A competitive anxiety review: Recent directions in sport psychology research ” . In Literature reviews in sport psychology , Edited by: Hanton , S. and Mellalieu , S. 11 – 56 . New York : Nova Science .
  • Middleton , S. C. , Marsh , H. W. , Martin , A. J. , Richards , G. E. , Savis , J. Perry , C. 2004 . The Psychological Performance Inventory: Is the mental toughness test tough enough? . International Journal of Sport Psychology , 35 : 91 – 108 .
  • Patton , M. 2002 . Qualitative research and evaluation methods , Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
  • Sparkes , A. 1998 . Validity in qualitative inquiry and the problem criteria: Implications for sport psychology . The Sport Psychologist , 12 : 363 – 386 .
  • Thelwell , R. , Weston , N. and Greenlees , I. 2005 . Defining and understanding mental toughness within soccer . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 17 : 326 – 332 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.