Effect of combined carbohydrate-protein ingestion on markers of recovery after simulated rugby union match-play

References

• Baty , J. J. , Hwang , H. , Ding , Z. , Bernard , J. , Wang , B. Kwon , B. 2007 . The effect of a carbohydrate and protein supplement on resistance exercise performance, hormonal response, and muscle damage . Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research , 21 : 321 – 329 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beaven , C. M. , Gill , N. D. and Cook , C. J. 2008 . Salivary testosterone and cortisol responses in professional rugby players after four resistance exercise protocols . Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research , 22 : 426 – 432 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betts , J. A. , Toone , R. J. , Stokes , K. A. and Thompson , D. 2009 . Systemic indices of skeletal muscle damage and recovery of muscle function after exercise: Effect of combined carbohydrate–protein ingestion . Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism , 34 : 773 – 784 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betts , J. , Williams , C. , Duffy , K. and Gunner , F. 2007 . The influence of carbohydrate and protein ingestion during recovery from prolonged exercise on subsequent endurance performance . Journal of Sports Sciences , 25 : 1449 – 1460 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bird , S. P. , Tarpenning , K. M. and Marino , F. E. 2006a . Liquid carbohydrate/essential amino acid ingestion during a short-term bout of resistance exercise suppresses myofibrillar protein degradation . Metabolism , 55 : 570 – 577 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bird , S. P. , Tarpenning , K. M. and Marino , F. E. 2006b . Independent and combined effects of liquid carbohydrate/essential amino acid ingestion on hormonal and muscular adaptations following resistance training in untrained men . European Journal of Applied Physiology , 97 : 225 – 238 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breen , L. , Tipton , K. D. and Jeukendrup , A. E. 2010 . No effect of carbohydrate-protein on cycling performance and indices of recovery . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 42 : 1140 – 1148 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrne , C. and Eston , R. 2002 . Maximal intensity isometric and dynamic exercise performance following eccentric muscle actions . Journal of Sports Sciences , 20 : 951 – 959 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarkson , P. M. and Hubal , M. bJ. 2002 . Exercise-induced muscle damage in humans . American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , 81 : S52 – S69 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cockburn , E. , Hayes , P. R. , French , D. N. , Stevenson , E. and St. Clair , A. Gibson . 2008 . Acute milk-based protein-CHO supplementation attenuates exercise-induced muscle damage . Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism , 33 : 775 – 783 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunniffe , B. , Hore , A. J. , Whitcombe , D. M. , Jones , K. P. , Baker , J. S. and Davies , B. 2010 . Time course of changes in immuneoendocrine markers following an international rugby game . European Journal of Applied Physiology , 108 : 113 – 122 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elloumi , M. , Maso , F. , Michaux , O. , Robert , A. and Lac , G. 2003 . Behaviour of saliva cortisol [C], testosterone [T] and the T/C ratio during a rugby match and during the post-competition recovery days . European Journal of Applied Physiology , 90 : 23 – 28 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etheridge , T. , Philp , A. and Watt , P. W. 2008 . A single protein meal increases recovery of muscle function following an acute eccentric exercise bout . Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism , 33 : 483 – 488 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• French , D. N. , Thompson , K. G. , Garland , S. W. , Barnes , C. A. , Portas , M. D. Hood , P. E. 2008 . The effects of contrast bathing and compression therapy on muscular performance . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 40 : 1297 – 1306 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill , N. D. , Beaven , C. M. and Cook , C. 2006 . Effectiveness of post-match recovery strategies in rugby players . British Journal of Sports Medicine , 40 : 260 – 263 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green , M. S. , Corona , B. T. , Doyle , A. and Ingalls , C. P. 2008 . Carbohydrate-protein drinks do not enhance recovery from exercise-induced muscle injury . International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism , 18 : 1 – 18 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greer , B. K. , Woodard , J. L. , White , J. P. , Arguello , E. M. and Haymes , E. M. 2007 . Branched-chain amino acid supplementation and indicators of muscle damage after endurance exercise . International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism , 17 : 595 – 607 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howarth , K. R. , Moreau , N. A. , Phillips , S. M. and Gibala , M. J. 2009 . Coingestion of protein with carbohydrate during recovery from endurance exercise stimulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis in humans . Journal of Applied Physiology , 106 : 1394 – 1402 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howatson , G. and van Someren , K. A. 2008 . The prevention and treatment of exercise-induced muscle damage . Sports Medicine , 38 : 483 – 503 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mashiko , T. , Umeda , T. , Nakaji , S. and Sugawara , K. 2004 . Position related analysis of the appearance of and relationship between post-match physical and mental fatigue in university rugby football players . British Journal of Sports Medicine , 38 : 617 – 621 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miles , M. P. , Pearson , S. D. , Andring , J. M. , Kidd , J. R. and Volpe , S. L. 2007 . Effect of carbohydrate intake during recovery from eccentric exercise on interleukin-6 and muscle-damage markers . International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism , 17 : 507 – 520 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minett , G. , Duffield , R. and Bird , S. P. 2010 . Effects of acute multinutrient supplementation on rugby union game performance and recovery . International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance , 5 : 27 – 41 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newham , D. J. , Jones , D. A. and Clarkson , P. M. 1987 . Repeated high-force eccentric exercise: Effects on muscle pain and damage . Journal of Applied Physiology , 63 : 1381 – 1386 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts , S. P. , Stokes , K. A. , Weston , L. and Trewartha , G. 2010 . The Bath University Rugby Shuttle Test (BURST): A Pilot study . International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance , 5 : 64 – 74 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts , S. P. , Trewartha , G. , Higgitt , R. J. , El-Abd , J. and Stokes , K. A. 2008 . The physical demands of elite English rugby union . Journal of Sports Sciences , 26 : 825 – 833 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romano-Ely , B. C. , Todd , M. K. , Saunders , M. J. and St. Laurent , S. 2006 . Effect of an isocaloric carbohydrate-protein-antioxidant drink on cycling performance . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 37 : 1608 – 1616 .
   Google Scholar
• Rowlands , D. S. , Thorp , R. M. , Rossler , K. , Graham , D. F. and Rockell , M. J. 2007 . Effect of protein-rich feeding on recovery after intense exercise . International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism , 17 : 521 – 543 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders , M. J. , Kane , M. D. and Todd , M. K. 2004 . Effects of a carbohydrate-protein beverage on cycling endurance and muscle damage . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 36 : 1233 – 1238 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders , M. J. , Luden , N. D. and Herrick , J. E. 2007 . Consumption of an oral carbohydrate-protein gel improves cycling endurance and prevents postexercise muscle damage . Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research , 21 : 678 – 684 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semark , A. , Noakes , T. D. , St. Clair , A. Gibson and Lambert , M. I. 1999 . The effect of a prophylactic dose of flurbiprofen on muscle soreness and sprinting performance in trained subjects . Journal of Sports Sciences , 17 : 197 – 203 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smart , D. J. , Gill , N. D. , Beaven , C. M. , Cook , C. and Blazevich , A. 2008 . The relationship between changes in interstitial creatine kinase and game related impact in rugby union . British Journal of Sports Medicine , 42 : 198 – 201 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki , M. , Umeda , T. , Nakaji , S. , Shimoyama , T. , Mashiko , T. and Sugawara , K. 2004 . Effect of incorporating low intensity exercises into the recovery period after a rugby match . British Journal of Sports Medicine , 38 : 436 – 440 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takarada , Y. 2003 . Evaluation of muscle damage after a rugby match with special reference to tackle plays . British Journal of Sports Medicine , 37 : 416 – 419 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Twist , C. and Eston , R. 2005 . The effects of exercise-induced muscle damage on maximal intensity intermittent exercise performance . European Journal of Applied Physiology , 94 : 652 – 658 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• West , D. W. , Kujbida , G. W. , Moore , D. R. , Atherton , P. , Burd , N. A. Padzik , J. P. 2009 . Resistance exercise-induced increases in putative anabolic hormones do not enhance muscle protein synthesis or intracellular signalling in young men . Journal of Physiology , 587 : 5239 – 5247 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White , J. P. , Wilson , J. M. , Austin , K. G. , Greer , B. K. , St. John , N. and Panton , L. B. 2008 . Effect of carbohydrate-protein supplementation timing on acute exercise-induced muscle damage . Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition , 5 : 5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wojcik , J. R. , Walber-Rankin , J. , Smith , L. L. and Gwazdauskas , F. C. 2001 . Comparison of carbohydrate and milk-based beverages on muscle damage and glycogen following exercise . International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism , 11 : 406 – 419 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar