410
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Physiology

The acute testosterone, growth hormone, cortisol and interleukin-6 response to 164-km road cycling in a hot environment

, , , , , & show all
Pages 694-699 | Accepted 29 Jun 2015, Published online: 22 Jul 2015

References

  • Armstrong, L. E., Casa, D. J., Emmanuel, H., Ganio, M. S., Klau, J. F., Lee, E. C., … Yamamoto, L. M. (2012). Nutritional, physiological, and perceptual responses during a summer ultraendurance cycling event. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(2), 307–318. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e318240f677
  • Brandenberger, G., Follenius, M., & Oyono Enguelle, S. (1979). Responses of anterior pituitary hormones to heat exposure. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 2(3), 297–298. doi:10.1007/BF03350420
  • Brenner, I. K., Zamecnik, J., Shek, P. N., & Shephard, R. J. (1997). The impact of heat exposure and repeated exercise on circulating stress hormones. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 76(5), 445–454. doi:10.1007/s004210050274
  • Bridge, M. W., Weller, A. S., Rayson, M., & Jones, D. A. (2003). Ambient temperature and the pituitary hormone responses to exercise in humans. Experimental Physiology, 88(5), 627–635. doi:10.1113/eph8802593
  • Brownlee, K. K., Moore, A. W., & Hackney, A. C. (2005). Relationship between circulating cortisol and testosterone: Influence of physical exercise. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 4(1), 76–83.
  • Daly, W., Seegers, C. A., Rubin, D. A., Dobridge, J. D., & Hackney, A. C. (2005). Relationship between stress hormones and testosterone with prolonged endurance exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 93(4), 375–380. doi:10.1007/s00421-004-1223-1
  • Felsing, N. E., Brasel, J. A., & Cooper, D. M. (1992). Effect of low and high intensity exercise on circulating growth hormone in men. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 75(1), 157–162. doi:10.1210/jcem.75.1.1619005
  • Filaire, E., Legrand, B., Bret, K., Sagnol, M., Cottet-Emard, J. M., & Pequignot, J. M. (2002). Psychobiologic responses to 4 days of increased training and recovery in cyclists. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 23(8), 588–594. doi:10.1055/s-2002-35531
  • Fournier, P.-E., Stalder, J., Mermillod, B., & Chantraine, A. (1997). Effects of a 110 kilometers ultra-marathon race on plasma hormone levels. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 18(4), 252–256. doi:10.1055/s-2007-972629
  • Ftaiti, F., Jemni, M., Kacem, A., Zaouali, M. A., Tabka, Z., Zbidi, A., & Grélot, L. (2008). Effect of hyperthermia and physical activity on circulating growth hormone. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 33(5), 880–887. doi:10.1139/H08-073
  • Godfrey, R. J., Madgwick, Z., & Whyte, G. P. (2003). The exercise-induced growth hormone response in athletes. Sports Medicine, 33(8), 599–613. doi:10.2165/00007256-200333080-00005
  • Grego, F., Vallier, J.-M., Collardeau, M., Bermon, S., Ferrari, P., Candito, M., … Brisswalter, J. (2004). Effects of long duration exercise on cognitive function, blood glucose, and counterregulatory hormones in male cyclists. Neuroscience Letters, 364(2), 76–80. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2004.03.085
  • Hackney, A. C., Hosick, K. P., Myer, A., Rubin, D. A., & Battaglini, C. L. (2012). Testosterone responses to intensive interval versus steady-state endurance exercise. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 35(11), 947–950. doi:10.1007/BF03346740
  • Hackney, A. C., Szczepanowska, E., & Viru, A. M. (2003). Basal testicular testosterone production in endurance-trained men is suppressed. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 89(2), 198–201. doi:10.1007/s00421-003-0794-6
  • Hill, E. E., Zack, E., Battaglini, C., Viru, M., Viru, A., & Hackney, A. C. (2008). Exercise and circulating cortisol levels: The intensity threshold effect. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 31(7), 587–591. doi:10.1007/BF03345606
  • Hoffman, J. R., Falk, B., Radom-Isaac, S., Weinstein, Y., Magazanik, A., Wang, Y., & Yarom, Y. (1996). The effect of environmental temperature on testosterone and cortisol responses to high intensity, intermittent exercise in humans. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 75(1), 83–87. doi:10.1007/s004210050130
  • Jurimāe, J., Jurimāe, T., & Purge, P. (2001). Plasma testosterone and cortisol responses to prolonged sculling in male competitive rowers. Journal of Sports Sciences, 19(11), 893–898. doi:10.1080/026404101753113840
  • Karkoulias, K., Habeos, I., Charokopos, N., Tsiamita, M., Mazarakis, A., Pouli, A., & Spiropoulos, K. (2008). Hormonal responses to marathon running in non-elite athletes. European Journal of Internal Medicine, 19(8), 598–601. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2007.06.032
  • Kenefick, R. W., Maresh, C. M., Armstrong, L. E., Castellani, J. W., Whittlesey, M., Hoffman, J. R., & Bergeron, M. F. (1998). Plasma testosterone and cortisol responses to training-intensity exercise in mild and hot environments. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 19(3), 177–181. doi:10.1055/s-2007-971900
  • Kraemer, W. J., Fragala, M. S., Watson, G., Volek, J. S., Rubin, M. R., French, D. N., … Evans, D. S. (2008). Hormonal responses to a 160-km race across frozen Alaska. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 42(2), 116–120. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2007.035535
  • Kuoppasalmi, K., Näveri, H., Härkönen, M., & Adlercreutz, H. (1980). Plasma cortisol, androstenedione, testosterone and luteinizing hormone in running exercise of different intensities. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation, 40(5), 403–409. doi:10.3109/00365518009101862
  • Lucia, A., Diaz, B., Hoyos, J., Fernandez, C., Villa, G., Bandres, F., & Chicharro, J. L. (2001). Hormone levels of world class cyclists during the tour of spain stage race. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(6), 424–430. doi:10.1136/bjsm.35.6.424
  • McConnell, T. R., & Sinning, W. E. (1984). Exercise and temperature effects on human sperm production and testosterone levels. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 16(1), 51–55.
  • Møller, N., Beckwith, R., Butler, P. C., Christensen, N. J., Ørskov, H., & Alberti, K. G. (1989). Metabolic and hormonal responses to exogenous hyperthermia in man. Clinical Endocrinology, 30(6), 651–660. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1989.tb00271.x
  • Ostrowski, K., Hermann, C., Bangash, A., Schjerling, P., Nielsen, J. N., & Pedersen, B. K. (1998). A trauma-like elevation of plasma cytokines in humans in response to treadmill running. The Journal of Physiology, 513(3), 889–894.
  • Ostrowski, K., Schjerling, P., & Pedersen, B. K. (2000). Physical activity and plasma interleukin-6 in humans – effect of intensity of exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 83(6), 512–515. doi:10.1007/s004210000312
  • Pedersen, B. K., Steensberg, A., Keller, P., Keller, C., Fischer, C., Hiscock, N., & Febbraio, M. A. (2003). Muscle-derived interleukin-6: Lipolytic, anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory effects. Pflugers Archiv: European Journal of Physiology, 446(1), 9–16. doi:10.1007/s00424-002-0981-z
  • Pritzlaff, C. J., Wideman, L., Weltman, J. Y., Abbott, R. D., Gutgesell, M. E., Hartman, M. L., & Weltman, A. (1999). Impact of acute exercise intensity on pulsatile growth hormone release in men. Journal of Applied Physiology, 87(2), 498–504.
  • Robins, H. I., Kutz, M., Wiedemann, G. J., Katschinski, D. M., Paul, D., Grosen, E., & d’Oleire, F. (1995). Cytokine induction by 41.8 degrees C whole body hyperthermia. Cancer Letters, 97(2), 195–201.
  • Safarinejad, M. R., Azma, K., & Kolahi, A. A. (2009). The effects of intensive, long-term treadmill running on reproductive hormones, hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis, and semen quality: A randomized controlled study. The Journal of Endocrinology, 200(3), 259–271. doi:10.1677/JOE-08-0477
  • Starkie, R. L., Hargreaves, M., Lambert, D. L., Proietto, J., & Febbraio, M. A. (1999). Effect of temperature on muscle metabolism during submaximal exercise in humans. Experimental Physiology, 84(4), 775–784.
  • Starkie, R. L., Hargreaves, M., Rolland, J., & Febbraio, M. A. (2005). Heat stress, cytokines, and the immune response to exercise. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 19(5), 404–412.
  • Steensberg, A., Febbraio, M. A., Osada, T., Schjerling, P., Van Hall, G., Saltin, B., & Pedersen, B. K. (2001). Interleukin-6 production in contracting human skeletal muscle is influenced by pre-exercise muscle glycogen content. The Journal of Physiology, 537(2), 633–639.
  • Stuempfle, K. J., Nindl, B. C., & Kamimori, G. H. (2010). Stress hormone responses to an ultraendurance race in the cold. Wilderness & Environmental Medicine, 21(1), 22–27. doi:10.1016/j.wem.2009.12.020
  • Tabata, I., Ogita, F., Miyachi, M., & Shibayama, H. (1991). Effect of low blood glucose on plasma CRF, ACTH, and cortisol during prolonged physical exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 71(5), 1807–1812.
  • Tomiya, A., Aizawa, T., Nagatomi, R., Sensui, H., & Kokubun, S. (2004). Myofibers express IL-6 after eccentric exercise. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 32(2), 503–508.
  • Van Hall, G., Steensberg, A., Sacchetti, M., Fischer, C., Keller, C., Schjerling, P., & Pedersen, B. K. (2003). Interleukin-6 stimulates lipolysis and fat oxidation in humans. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 88(7), 3005–3010. doi:10.1210/jc.2002-021687
  • Vigas, M., Celko, J., & Koska, J. (2000). Role of body temperature in exercise-induced growth hormone and prolactin release in non-trained and physically fit subjects. Endocrine Regulations, 34(4), 175–180.
  • Wahl, P., Mathes, S., Kohler, K., Achtzehn, S., Bloch, W., & Mester, J. (2013). Acute metabolic, hormonal, and psychological responses to different endurance training protocols. Hormone and Metabolic Research, 45(11), 827–833. doi:10.1055/s-0033-1347242
  • Wang, C., Nieschlag, E., Swerdloff, R., Behre, H. M., Hellstrom, W. J., Gooren, L. J., & Wu, F. C. (2009). ISA, ISSAM, EAU, EAA and ASA recommendations: Investigation, treatment and monitoring of late-onset hypogonadism in males. International Journal of Impotence Research, 21(1), 1–8. doi:10.1038/ijir.2008.41
  • Wheeler, G. D., Wall, S. R., Belcastro, A. N., & Cumming, D. C. (1984). Reduced serum testosterone and prolactin levels in male distance runners. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 252(4), 514–516.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.