References
- American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance. (1980). Health related physical fitness test. Reston, VA: Author.
- Ahnert, J., Schneider, W., & Bös, K. (2009). Developmental changes and individual stability of motor abilities from the preschool period to young adulthood. In M. B. Wolfgang Schneider (Ed.), Human development from early childhood to early adulthood: Evidence from the Munich Longitudinal Study on the Geneses of Individual Competencies (LOGIC) (pp. 35–62). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
- Antunes, A. M., Maia, J. A., Gouveia, É. R., Thomis, M. A., Lefevre, J. A., Teixeira, A. Q., & Freitas, D. L. (2016). Change, stability and prediction of gross motor co-ordination in Portuguese children. Annals of Human Biology, 43(3), 201–211.
- Barnett, L. M., Lai, S. K., Veldman, S. L., Hardy, L. L., Cliff, D. P., Morgan, P. J., … Ridgers, N. D. (2016). Correlates of gross motor competence in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 46(11), 1663–1688.
- Barreira, T. V., Schuna, J. M., Jr, Mire, E. F., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Chaput, J.-P., Leduc, G., & Tudor-Locke, C. (2015). Identifying children’s nocturnal sleep using 24-h waist accelerometry. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 47(5), 937–943.
- Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by design and nature. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Brown, L., Burns, Y. R., Watter, P., Gibbons, K. S., & Gray, P. H. (2015). Motor performance, postural stability and behaviour of non-disabled extremely preterm or extremely low birth weight children at four to five years of age. Early Human Development, 91(5), 309–315.
- Cattuzzo, M. T., Dos Santos Henrique, R., Ré, A. H. N., de Oliveira, I. S., Melo, B. M., de Sousa Moura, M., … Stodden, D. (2016). Motor competence and health related physical fitness in youth: A systematic review. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19(2), 123–129.
- Chaves, R. N., Tani, G., Souza, M. C., Baxter-Jones, A., & Maia, J. (2013). Desempenho coordenativo de crianças: Construção de cartas percentílicas baseadas no método LMS de Cole e Green. Revista Brasileira De Educação Física E Esporte, 27(1), 25–42.
- Chaves, R. N., Valdívia, A. B., Nevill, A., Freitas, D., Tani, G., Katzmarzyk, P. T., & Maia, J. A. R. (2016). Developmental and physical-fitness associations with gross motor coordination problems in Peruvian children. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 53, 107–114.
- City Hall of Vouzela. (2018). Sports Report. Vouzela: Sports Office.
- D’Hondt, E., Deforche, B., Gentier, I., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Vaeyens, R., Philippaerts, R., & Lenoir, M. (2013). A longitudinal analysis of gross motor coordination in overweight and obese children versus normal-weight peers. International Journal of Obesity, 37(1), 61–67.
- D’Hondt, E., Deforche, B., Gentier, I., Verstuyf, J., Vaeyens, R., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., … Lenoir, M. (2014). A longitudinal study of gross motor coordination and weight status in children. Obesity, 22(6), 1505–1511.
- Deus, R., Bustamante, A., Lopes, V., Silva, R. M. G., & Maia, J. A. (2010). Modelação longitudinal dos níveis de coordenação motora de crianças dos seis aos 10 anos de idade da Região Autônoma dos Açores, Portugal. Revista Brasileira De Educação Física E Esporte, 24(2), 259–273.
- dos-Santos, M. A. M., Nevill, A. M., Buranarugsa, R., Pereira, S., Gomes, T., Reyes, A., … Maia, J. A. R. (2018). Modeling children’s development in gross motor coordination reveals key modifiable determinants. An allometric approach. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 28(5), 1594–1603.
- Evenson, K. R., Catellier, D. J., Gill, K., Ondrak, K. S., & McMurray, R. G. (2008). Calibration of two objective measures of physical activity for children. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(14), 1557–1565.
- Fransen, J., Pion, J., Vandendriessche, J., Vandorpe, B., Vaeyens, R., Lenoir, M., & Philippaerts, R. M. (2012). Differences in physical fitness and gross motor coordination in boys aged 6–12 years specializing in one versus sampling more than one sport. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(4), 379–386.
- Gabbard, C., Hart, S., & Gentry, V. (1995). General motor proficiency and handedness in children. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 156(4), 411–416.
- Giagazoglou, P., Fotiadou, E., Angelopoulou, N., Tsikoulas, J., & Tsimaras, V. (2001). Gross and fine motor skills of left-handed preschool children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 92(3_suppl), 1122–1128.
- Godin, G., & Shephard, R. (1985). A simple method to assess exercise behavior in the community. Canadian Journal of Applied Sport Sciences, 10(3), 141–146.
- Graf, C., Koch, B., Kretschmann-Kandel, E., Falkowski, G., Christ, H., Coburger, S., … Tokarski, W. (2004). Correlation between BMI, leisure habits and motor abilities in childhood (CHILT-project). International Journal of Obesity, 28(1), 22–26.
- Hands, B. (2008). Changes in motor skill and fitness measures among children with high and low motor competence: A five-year longitudinal study. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 11(2), 155–162.
- Hedeker, D., & Gibbons, R. (2006). Longitudinal data analysis. New York: Wiley.
- Hedeker, D., Gibbons, R., Du Toit, M., & Cheng, Y. (2008). Supermix: Mixed effects models. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International.
- Hirtz, P., & Holtz, D. (1987). Como aperfeiçoar as capacidades coordenativas: Exemplos concretos. Lisboa: Horizonte.
- Hox, J. J. (2010). Multilevel anaysis: Techniques and applications (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
- Kiphard, E., & Schilling, F. (1974). Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder. Weinheim: Beltz Test GmbH.
- Krombholz, H. (1997). Physical performance in relation to age, sex, social class and sports activities in kindergarten and elementary school. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 84(3_suppl), 1168–1170.
- Laukkanen, A., Pesola, A. J., Finni, T., & Sääkslahti, A. (2017). Body Mass Index in the Early Years in Relation to Motor Coordination at the Age of 5–7 Years. Sports, 5(3), 49.
- Lopes, L., Póvoas, S., Mota, J., Okely, A. D., Coelho‐e‐Silva, M., Cliff, D., … Santos, R. (2016). Flexibility is associated with motor competence in schoolchildren. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 27(12), 1806–1813.
- Lubans, D. R., Morgan, P. J., Cliff, D. P., Barnett, L. M., & Okely, A. D. (2010). Fundamental movement skills in children and adolescents. Sports Medicine, 40(12), 1019–1035.
- Luz, L. G., Valente-dos-Santos, J., Luz, T. D., Sousa-e-Silva, P., Duarte, J. P., Machado-Rodrigues, A., … Coelho-e-Silva, M. J. (2018). Biocultural Predictors of Motor Coordination Among Prepubertal Boys and Girls. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 125(1), 21–39.
- Maggi, E. F., Magalhães, L. C., Campos, A. F., & Bouzada, M. C. F. (2014). Preterm children have unfavorable motor, cognitive, and functional performance when compared to term children of preschool age. Jornal De Pediatria, 90(4), 377–383.
- Ministério da Segurança Social e do Trabalho. (2003). Decreto-Lei, n.o 176/2003 de 2 de Agosto. Diário da República - I Série - A
- Morgan, P. J., Barnett, L. M., Cliff, D. P., Okely, A. D., Scott, H. A., Cohen, K. E., & Lubans, D. R. (2013). Fundamental movement skill interventions in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 132(2), 1361–1383.
- Moura‐Dos‐Santos, M. A., De Almeida, M. B., Manhães‐De‐Castro, R., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Maia, J. A. R., & Leandro, C. G. (2014). Birthweight, body composition, and motor performance in 7‐to 10‐year‐old children. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 57(5), 470–475.
- Oliveira, G. E., Magalhães, L. C., & Salmela, L. F. (2011). Relationship between very low birth weight, environmental factors, and motor and cognitive development of children of 5 and 6 years old. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 15(2), 138–145.
- Porac, C., & Coren, S. (1981). Lateral preferences and human behavior. New York: Springer-Verlag.
- Prahl-Andersen, B., & Kowalski, C. J. (1973). A mixed longitudinal, interdisciplinary study of the growth and development of Dutch children. Growth, 37(3), 281–295.
- Raudenbush, S. W., & Chan, W.-S. (1991). Application of a hierarchical linear model to the study of adolescent deviance in an overlapping cohort design. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(6), 941–951.
- Ré, A. H., Logan, S. W., Cattuzzo, M. T., Henrique, R. S., Tudela, M. C., & Stodden, D. F. (2017). Comparison of motor competence levels on two assessments across childhood. Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(1), 1–6.
- Reyes, A. C., Chaves, R., Baxter-Jones, A. D. G., Vasconcelos, O., Tani, G., & Maia, J. (2018). A mixed-longitudinal study of children’s growth, motor development and cognition. Design, methods and baseline results on sex-differences. Annals of Human Biology, 1–10. doi:10.1080/03014460.2018.1511828
- Robinson, L. E., Stodden, D. F., Barnett, L. M., Lopes, V. P., Logan, S. W., Rodrigues, L. P., & D’Hondt, E. (2015). Motor competence and its effect on positive developmental trajectories of health. Sports Medicine, 45(9), 1273–1284.
- Rousson, V., Gasser, T., Caflisch, J., & Jenni, O. G. (2009). Neuromotor performance of normally developing left-handed children and adolescents. Human Movement Science, 28(6), 809–817.
- Schilling, F. (2015). Sum of Raw Scores of Each KTK Test.
- Söğüt, M. (2016). Gross motor coordination in junior tennis players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(22), 2149–2152.
- Tchamo, M. E., Moura‐dos‐Santos, M. A., Dos Santos, F. K., Prista, A., & Leandro, C. G. (2017). Deficits in anthropometric indices of nutritional status and motor performance among low birth weight children from Maputo City, Mozambique. American Journal of Human Biology, 29(3), 1–9.
- Valdivia, A. B., Cartagena, L. C., Sarria, N. E., Távara, I. S., Teixeira, A. F., Da Silva, R. M. G., & Maia, J. A. R. (2008). Motor coordination: Influence of age, sex, socio-economic status and levels of adiposity, in peruvian children. Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, 10(1), 25–34.
- van Strien, J. (2003). The Dutch Handedness Questionnaire. Rotterdam: Department of Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam.
- Vandendriessche, J. B., Vandorpe, B. F., Vaeyens, R., Malina, R. M., Lefevre, J., Lenoir, M., & Philippaerts, R. M. (2012). Variation in sport participation, fitness and motor coordination with socioeconomic status among Flemish children. Pediatric Exercise Science, 24(1), 113–128.
- Vandorpe, B., Vandendriessche, J., Vaeyens, R., Pion, J., Matthys, S., Lefevre, J., … Lenoir, M. (2012). Relationship between sports participation and the level of motor coordination in childhood: A longitudinal approach. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 15(3), 220–225.
- Victora, C. G., Adair, L., Fall, C., Hallal, P. C., Martorell, R., Richter, L., … Group, C. U. S. (2008). Maternal and child undernutrition: Consequences for adult health and human capital. The Lancet, 371(9609), 340–357.
- Willimczik, K. (1980). Development of motor control capability (body coordination) of 6-to 10-year-old children: Results of a Longitudinal Study. In G. B. M. Ostyn & J. Simons (Eds.), Kinanthropometry II (pp. 328–346). Baltimore: University Park Press.
- Zaichkowsky, L. D., Zaichkowsky, L. B., & Martinek, T. J. (1980). Growth and development: The child and physical activity. St. Louis, MO: Mosby Inc.