‘Hollow from the start’? Professional associations and the professionalisation of tourism

References

• Abbott, A. (1988). The system of professions. An essay on the division of expert labour, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Anleu, S.L.R. (1992). The professionalisation of social work? A case study of three organizational settings. Sociology, 26(1), 23–43. doi: 10.1177/0038038592026001003
   Google Scholar
• Ap, J., & Wong, K.K.F. (2001). Case study on tour guiding: Professionalism, issues and problems. Tourism Management, 22(5), 551–556. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5177(01)00013-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Association for Tourism in Higher Education (ATHE). (2011). Retrieved July 18, from www.athe.org.uk/membership/institutions.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Association of British Travel Agents (ABTA). (2000). ABTA: The first fifty years. The authenticated history of Britain's leading travel trade association, London: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Bayles, M.D. (1988). The professional-client relationship. In J.C. Callahan (Ed.), Ethical issues in professional life, (pp. 113–123). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Broadbridge, A., & Parsons, E. (2003). UK charity retailing: Managing in a newly professionalised sector. Journal of Marketing Management, 19(7/8), 729–748.
   Google Scholar
• Bureau, S., & Suquet, J-B. (2009). A professionalization framework to understand the structuring of work. European Management Journal, 27, 467–475. doi: 10.1016/j.emj.2009.02.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burgess, C. (2011). Are hotel managers becoming more professional? The case of hotel financial controllers?. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 23(5), 681–695. doi: 10.1108/09596111111143403
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cherry, G. (1974). The evolution of British town planning, Leighton Buzzard: Leonard Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Cooper, C. (2006). Knowledge management and tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 33(1), 47–64. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2005.04.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elsaka, N. (2005). New Zealand journalists and the appeal of ‘professionalism’ as a model of organisation: An historical analysis. Journalism Studies, 6(1), 73–86. doi: 10.1080/1461670052000328221
   Google Scholar
• Evetts, J. (2011). A new professionalism? Challenges and opportunities. Current Sociology, 59(4), 406–422. doi: 10.1177/0011392111402585
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleming, I. (1996). The professionalization of leisure management in Western Europe. Managing Leisure, 1, 248–252. doi: 10.1080/136067196376348
   Google Scholar
• Formadi, K., & Raffai, C. (2009). New professionalism in the events sector and its impact in Hungary. In T. BaumM. DeeryC. HanlonL. Lockstone, & K. Smith (Eds.), People and work in events and conventions: A research perspective, (pp. 75–89). Walingford: CABI International.
   Google Scholar
• Hampton, G.M., & Hampton, D.L. (2004). Relationship of professionalism, rewards, market orientation and job satisfaction among medical professionals: The case of certified nurse–midwives. Journal of Business Research, 57(9), 1042–1053. doi: 10.1016/S0148-2963(02)00356-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, V. (2004). Event management: A new profession?. Event Management, 9, 103–109. doi: 10.3727/1525995042781039
   Google Scholar
• Harris, R., & Jago, L. (2001). Professional accreditation in the Australian tourism industry: An uncertain future. Tourism Management, 22, 383–390. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00065-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haywood-Farmer, J., & Stuart, I. (1990). An instrument to measure the ‘degree of professionalism’ in a professional service. The Service Industries Journal, 10(2), 336–347. doi: 10.1080/02642069000000034
   Google Scholar
• Higher Education Statistics Agency. (2011). Table 2e: All HE students by level of study, mode of study, subject of study, domicile and gender 2007/08. Retrieved July 18, from www.hesa.ac.uk/dox/dataTables/studentsAndQualifiers/download/subject0708.xls?v=1.0
   Google Scholar
• Hooley, G., & Cowell, D. (1985). The status of marketing in the UK service industries. The Service Industries Journal, 5(3), 261–272. doi: 10.1080/02642068500000041
   Google Scholar
• Institute of Travel and Tourism (ITT). (2007). ITT dons gown and mortarboard. BullITTin (newsletter), Spring, p. 1.
   Google Scholar
• Institute of Travel and Tourism (ITT). (2011). Retrieved January 18, 2011, from www.itt.co.uk
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, T. (1972). Professions and power, Basingstoke: Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Kipping, M. (2011). Hollow from the start? Image professionalism in management consulting. Current Sociology, 59(4), 530–550. doi: 10.1177/0011392111402727
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kipping, M., Kirkpatrick, I., & Muzio, D. (2006). Overly controlled or out of control? Management consultants and the new corporate professionalism. In J. Craig (Ed.), Production values: Futures for professionalism, (pp. 184–203). London: Demos.
   Google Scholar
• Laffin, M. (Ed.). (1998). Beyond bureaucracy? The professions in the contemporary public sector. Aldershot: Ashgate.
   Google Scholar
• Larson, M. (1977). The rise of professionalism, Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lounsbury, M. (2002). Institutional transformation and status mobility: The professionalization of the field of finance. Academy of Management Journal, 45(1), 255–266. doi: 10.2307/3069295
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNamee, M.J., Sheridan, H., & Buswell, J. (2000). Paternalism, professionalism and public sector leisure provision: The boundaries of a leisure profession. Leisure Studies, 19, 199–209. doi: 10.1080/02614360050023080
   Google Scholar
• McNamee, M.J., Sheridan, H., & Buswell, J. (2001). The limits of utilitarianism as a professional ethic in public sector leisure policy and provision. Leisure Studies, 20, 173–197.
   Google Scholar
• Middlehurst, R., & Kennie, T. (1997). Leading professionals. Towards new concepts of professionalism. In J. BroadbentM. Dietrich, & J. Roberts (Eds.), The end of the professions? The restructuring of professional work, (pp. 50–68). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Muzio, D., Hodgson, D., Faulconbridge, J., Beaverstock, J., & Hall, S. (2011). Towards corporate professionalization: The case of project management, management consultancy and executive search. Current Sociology, 59(4), 443–464. doi: 10.1177/0011392111402587
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muzio, D., & Kirkpatrick, I. (2011). Introduction: Professions and organisations: A conceptual framework. Current Sociology, 59(4), 389–405. doi: 10.1177/0011392111402584
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noordegraaf, M. (2011). Remaking professionals? How associations and professional education connect professionalism and organisations. Current Sociology, 59(4), 465–488. doi: 10.1177/0011392111402716
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pattison, S., Hannigan, B., Pill, R., & Thomas, H. (Eds.). (2010). Emerging values in health care: The challenge for professionals, London: Jessica Kingsley.
   Google Scholar
• People 1st. (2011). State of the nation, Uxbridge: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Robson, J., Bailey, B., & Larkin, S. (2004). Adding value: Investigating the discourse of professionalism adopted by vocational teachers in further education colleges. Journal of Education and Work, 17(2), 183–195. doi: 10.1080/13639080410001677392
   Google Scholar
• Sheldon, P.J. (1989). Professionalism in tourism and hospitality. Annals of Tourism Research, 16(4), 492–503. doi: 10.1016/0160-7383(89)90004-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shepley, C. (2003). Great future for the RTPI. Town and Country Planning, 72(2), 42–43.
   Google Scholar
• Suddaby, R., & Viale, T. (2011). Professionals and field-level change: Institutional work and the professional project. Current Sociology, 59, 423–442. doi: 10.1177/0011392111402586
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teather, J.L. (1990). The museum keepers: The museums association and the growth of museum professionalism. Museum Management and Curatorship, 9(1), 25–41.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, H. (1991). Professionalism, power and planners. In H. Thomas, & P. Healey (Eds.), Dilemmas of planning practice, (pp. 34–47). Aldershot: Avebury.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, H. (1998). Planning in a post-bureaucratic public sector?. In M. Laffin (Ed.), Beyond bureaucracy: The professions in the contemporary public sector, (pp. 76–90). Aldershot: Ashgate.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, R. (2012). Business elites, universities and knowledge transfer in tourism. Tourism Management, 33(3), 553–561. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2011.06.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, R., Shaw, G., & Page, S.J. (2011). Understanding small firms in tourism: A perspective on research trends and challenges. Tourism Management, 32(5), 963–976. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2011.02.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tourism Society. (1974a). Scottish Tourism Consultative Council working party: Institute of Tourism proposal. Summary of proceedings at the Manchester meeting on 27th November, 1974. London: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Tourism Society. (1974b). Letter of invitation from N Thomas, Hon. Secretary to the Steering Committee of Scottish Tourism Consultative Council working party on the proposed Institute of Tourism, 18th September. London: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Tourism Society. (1974c). Scottish Tourism Consultative Council. Paper for Agenda Item 4 (c) consultative committee briefing document, July. London: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Tourism Society. (1974d). Scottish Tourism Consultative Council: Confidential draft proposal for the Manchester meeting on 27th November, 1974, September. London: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Tourism Society (1975). Working party on the proposed Institute of Tourism: Minutes of the meeting held on 14th April, 1975, London: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Tourism Society (1978). Tourism: The bulletin of the Institute of Tourism, London: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Tourism Society (1979). Handbook and members list 1979, London: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Tourism Society (2002). Strategy document, London: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Tourism Society. (2011). Retrieved January 18, 2011, from www.tourismsociety.org
   Google Scholar
• Watkins, J. (1999). Educating professionals: The changing role of UK professional associations. Journal of Education and Work, 12(1), 37–56. doi: 10.1080/1363908990120103
   Google Scholar
• Xiao, H., & Smith, S.L.J. (2006). The use of tourism knowledge: Research propositions. Annals of Tourism Research, 34(2), 310–331. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2006.09.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar