Dissociable distal and proximal motor components: Evidence from perseverative errors in three apraxic patients

References

• Buckingham , HW . (1977) . The conduction theory and neologistic jargon . Language and Speech , 20 : 174 – 184 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burgess , N and Hitch , JG . (1992) . Towards a network model of the articulatory loop . Journal of Memory and Language , 31 : 429 – 460 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciurli P Marangolo P Basso A (1996) Esame del Linguaggio-II Firenze: Organizzazioni Speciali
   Google Scholar
• Cohen , L and Dehaene , S . (1998) . Competition between past and present . Brain , 121 : 1641 – 1659 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper , R and Shallice , T . (2000) . Contention scheduling and the control of routine activities . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 17 : 297 – 338 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Renzi E (1985) Test dei Gettoni Firenze: O.S. Organizzazioni Speciali
   Google Scholar
• De Renzi , E and Lucchelli , F . (1988) . Ideational apraxia . Brain , 111 : 1173 – 1185 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Renzi , E , Motti , F and Nichelli , P . (1980) . Imitating gestures: A quantitative approach to ideomotor apraxia . Archives of Neurology , 37 : 6 – 10 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Renzi , E , Pieczuro , A and Vignolo , LA . (1968) . Ideational apraxia: A quantitative study . Neuropsychologia , 6 : 41 – 52 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dell , GS , Burger , LK and Svec , WR . (1997) . Language production and serial order: A functional analysis and a model . Psychological Review , 104 : 123 – 147 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasselmo , HE , Schnell , E and Barkai , E . (1995) . Dynamics of learning and recall at excitatory recurrent synapses and cholinergic modulation in rat hippocampal region CA3 . Journal of Neuroscience , 15 : 5249 – 5262 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houghton G (1990) The problem of serial order: A neural model of sequence learning and recall In R. Dale, C. Mellish, & M. Zock (Eds.), Current research in natural language generation London Academic Press
   Google Scholar
• Hudson , AJ . (1968) . Perseveration . Brain , 91 : 571 – 582 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys , GW and Forde , EME . (1998) . Disordered action schema and action disorganization syndrome . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 15 : 771 – 811 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iorio , L , Falanga , AM , Fragassi , NA and Grossi , D . (1992) . Visual associative agnosia and optic aphasia: A single case study and review of the syndrome . Cortex , 28 : 23 – 37 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeannerod , M , Decety , J and Michel , F . (1994) . Impairment of grasping movements following a bilateral posterior parietal lesion . Neuropsychologia , 32 : 369 – 380 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeannerod , M and Prablanc , C . (1983) . Visual control of reaching movements in man . Advances in Neurology , 39 : 13 – 29 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kimura , D . (1977) . Acquisition of a motor skill after left-hemisphere damage . Brain , 100 : 527 – 542 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lhermitte , F and Beauvois , MF . (1973) . A visual-speech disconnexion syndrome . Brain , 96 : 695 – 714 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luria , AR . (1965) . Two kinds of motor perseveration in massive injury of frontal lobes . Brain , 88 : 1 – 10 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luzzatti , C , Rumiati , RI and Ghirardi , G . (1998) . A functional model of visuo-verbal disconnection and the neuroanatomical constraints of optic aphasia . Neurocase , 4 : 71 – 87 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luzzatti C Willmes K De Bleser R (1996) Aachener Aphasie Test (AAT), Italian version Firenze: Organizzazioni Speciali
   Google Scholar
• Milner , B . (1963) . Effects of different brain lesions on card sorting . Archives of Neurology , 9 : 90 – 100 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norman , DA . (1981) . Categorization of action slips . Psychological Review , 88 : 1 – 15 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plaut , DC , McClelland , JL , Seidenberg , MS and Patterson , K . (1996) . Understanding normal and impaired word reading: Computational principles in quasi-regular domains . Psychological Review , 103 : 56 – 115 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plaut , D and Shallice , T . (1993) . Perseverative and semantic influences on object naming errors in optic aphasia: A connectionist account . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 5 : 89 – 117 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poizner , H , Mack , L , Verfaellie , M , Rothi , LJ and Heilman , KM . (1990) . Three-dimensional computergraphic analysis of apraxia . Brain , 113 : 85 – 101 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raven JC (1938) Standard Progressive Matrices, series A, B, C, D, E, and Coloured Progressive Matrices Firenze: Organizzazioni Speciali (Italian version 1954 and 1984 respectively)
   Google Scholar
• Reason JT (1979) Actions not as planned In G. Underwood & R. Stevens (Eds.) Aspects of consciousness, Vol. 1 London Academic Press
   Google Scholar
• Riddoch MJ Humphreys GW (1993) BORB: Birmingham Object Recognition Battery Hove UK Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd
   Google Scholar
• Rizzolatti , G , Fogassi , L and Gallese , V . (1997) . Parietal cortex: From sight to action . Current Opinions in Neurobiology , 7 : 562 – 567 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothi , LJ , Ochipa , C and Heilman , KM . (1991) . A cognitive neuropsychological model of limb praxis . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 8 : 443 – 458 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rumiati , RI , Zanini , S , Vorano , L and Shallice , T . (2001) . A form of ideational apraxia as a deficit of contention scheduling . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 18 : 617 – 642 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakata , H and Taira , M . (1994) . Parietal control of hand action . Current Opinions in Neurobiology , 4 : 847 – 856 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sandson , J and Albert , ML . (1984) . Varieties of perseveration . Neuropsychologia , 22 : 715 – 732 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnider , A and Ptak , R . (1999) . Spontaneous confabulators fail to suppress currently irrelevant memory traces . Nature Neuroscience , 2 : 677 – 681 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz , MF , Reed , ES , Montgomery , M , Palmer , C and Mayer , NH . (1991) . The quantitative description of action disorganization after brain damage: A case study . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 8 : 381 – 414 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz , MF , Saffran , EM , Bloch , DE and Dell , GS . (1994) . Disordered speech production in aphasic and normal speakers . Brain and Language , 47 : 52 – 88 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shallice , T , Glasspool , DW and Houghton , G . (1995) . Can neuropsychological evidence inform connectionist modelling: Analyses of spelling . Language and Cognitive Processes , 10 : 195 – 225 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shattuck-Huffnagel S (1979) Speech errors as evidence for serial-ordering mechanism in sentence production In W. E. Cooper & E. C. T. Walker (Eds.), Sentence processing: Psycholinguistic studies presented to Merrill Garrett pp. 295–342 Hillsdale NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc
   Google Scholar
• Sirigu , A , Cohen , L , Duhamel , JR , Pillon , B , Dubois , B and Agid , Y . (1995) . A selective impairment of hand posture for object utilization in apraxia . Cortex , 31 : 41 – 55 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sirigu , A , Duhamel , JR , Cohen , L , Pillon , B , Dubois , B and Agid , Y . (1996) . The mental representation of hand movements after parietal cortex damage . Science , 273 : 1564 – 1568 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spinnler , H and Tognoni , G . (1987) . Standardizzazione e Taratura Italiana di Test Neuropsicologici . The Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences , 6 ( suppl. )
   Google Scholar
• Toraldo , A , Reverberi , C and Rumiati , RI . (2001) . Critical dimensions affecting imitation performance of patients with ideomotor apraxia . Cortex , 37 : 737 – 740 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warrington EK James M (1991) VOSP: The Visual Object and Space Perception Battery Bury St. Edmunds UK Thames Valley Test Company
   Google Scholar