The impact of progressive semantic loss on reading aloud

REFERENCES

• Andrews , S. 1982 . Phonological recoding: Is the regularity effect consistent? . Memory and Cognition , 10 : 565 – 575 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balota , D. A. , Cortese , M. J. , Sergent-Marshall , S. D. , Spieler , D. H. and Yap , M. 2004 . Visual word recognition of single-syllable words . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 133 : 283 – 316 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Behrmann , M. , Plaut , D. C. and Nelson , J. 1998 . A literature review and new data supporting an interactive account of letter-by-letter reading . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 15 : 7 – 51 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blazely , A. M. , Coltheart , M. and Casey , B. J. 2005 . Semantic impairment with and without surface dyslexia: Implications for models of reading . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 22 : 695 – 717 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cappelletti , M. , Kopelman , M. and Butterworth , B. 2002 . Why semantic dementia drives you to the dogs (but not to the horses): A theoretical account . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 19 : 483 – 503 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castles , A. and Coltheart , M. 1993 . Varieties of developmental dyslexia . Cognition , 47 : 149 – 180 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cipolotti , L. and Warrington , E. K. 1995 . Semantic memory and reading abilities: A case report . Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , 1 : 104 – 110 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Coltheart , M. 1978 . “ Lexical access in simple reading tasks ” . In Strategies of information processing , Edited by: Underwood , G. New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Coltheart , M. 1981 . The MRC psycholinguistic database . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology , 33A : 497 – 505 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coltheart , M. , Curtis , B. , Atkins , P. and Haller , M. 1993 . Models of reading aloud: Dual-route and parallel-distributed-processing approaches . Psychological Review , 100 : 589 – 608 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coltheart , M. , Masterson , J. , Byng , S. , Prior , M. and Riddoch , J. 1983 . Surface dyslexia . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology , 35A : 469 – 495 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coltheart , M. , Rastle , K. , Perry , C. , Langdon , R. and Ziegler , J. 2001 . DRC: A dual route cascaded model of visual word recognition and reading aloud . Psychological Review , 108 : 204 – 256 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coltheart , M. , Woollams , A. , Kinoshita , S. and Perry , C. 1999 . A position-sensitive Stroop effect: Further evidence for a left-to-right component in print-to-speech . Psychonomic Bulletin and Review , 6 : 456 – 463 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford , J. R. and Allan , K. M. 1997 . Estimating premorbid WAIS–R IQ with demographic variables: Regression equations derived from a UK sample . Clinical Neuropsychologist , 11 : 192 – 197 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford , J. R. , Howell , D. C. and Garthwaite , P. H. 1998 . Payne and Jones revisited: Estimating the abnormality of test score differences using a modified paired samples t test . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 20 : 898 – 905 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forster , K. I. and Forster , J. C. 2003 . DMDX: A Windows display program with millisecond accuracy . Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers , 35 : 116 – 124 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Funnell , E. 1996 . Response biases in oral reading: An account of the co-occurrence of surface dyslexia and semantic dementia . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology , 49A : 417 – 446 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham , K. S. , Hodges , J. R. and Patterson , K. E. 1994 . The relationship between comprehension and oral reading in progressive fluent aphasia . Neuropsychologia , 32 : 299 – 316 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham , N. L. , Patterson , K. and Hodges , J. R. 2000 . The impact of semantic memory impairment on spelling: Evidence from semantic dementia . Neuropsychologia , 38 : 143 – 163 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harm , M. W. 1998 . Division of labor in a computational model of visual word recognition , Los Angeles, CA : University of Southern California . Unpublished doctoral dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Hillis , A. E. and Caramazza , A. 1991 . Mechanisms for accessing lexical representations for output: Evidence from a category-specific semantic deficit . Brain and Language , 40 : 106 – 144 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillis , A. E. and Caramazza , A. 1995 . Converging evidence for the interaction of semantic and sublexical phonological information in accessing lexical representations for spoken output . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 12 : 187 – 227 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodges , J. R. and Patterson , K. 1995 . Is semantic memory consistently impaired early in the course of Alzheimer's disease? Neuroanatomical and diagnostic implications . Neuropsychologia , 33 : 441 – 459 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodges , J. R. , Patterson , K. , Oxbury , S. and Funnell , E. 1992a . Semantic dementia—Progressive fluent aphasia with temporal-lobe atrophy . Brain , 115 : 1783 – 1806 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodges , J. R. , Patterson , K. and Tyler , L. K. 1994 . Loss of semantic memory: Implications for the modularity of mind . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 11 : 505 – 542 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodges , J. R. , Salmon , D. P. and Butters , N. 1992b . Semantic memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease: Failure of access or degraded knowledge? . Neuropsychologia , 30 : 301 – 314 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard , D. and Patterson , K. 1992 . Pyramids and palm trees: A test of semantic access from pictures and words , Edited by: Bury , St. Edmunds . UK : Thames Valley Test Company .
   Google Scholar
• Howell , D. C. 1992 . Statistical methods for psychology , (3rd ed.). , Belmont, CA : Duxbury Press .
   Google Scholar
• Jared , D. 2002 . Spelling–sound consistency and regularity effects in word naming . Journal of Memory and Language , 46 : 723 – 750 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jared , D. , McRae , K. and Seidenberg , M. S. 1990 . The basis of consistency effects in word naming . Journal of Memory and Language , 29 : 687 – 715 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knott , R. , Patterson , K. and Hodges , J. R. 1997 . Lexical and semantic binding effects in short-term memory: Evidence from semantic dementia . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 14 : 1165 – 1216 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kucera , H. and Francis , W. N. 1967 . Computational analysis of present-day American English , Providence, RI : Brown University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Madden , D. J. , Nebes , R. D. and Allen , P. A. 1992 . Cognitive slowing in Alzheimer's disease as a function of task type and response type . Developmental Neuropsychology , 8 : 459 – 471 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merriam-Webster . 2001 . Online dictionary Retrieved January 21, 2001, from http://www.merriam-webster.com
   Google Scholar
• Morton , J. and Patterson , K. 1980 . “ A new attempt at an interpretation, or, an attempt at a new interpretation ” . In Deep dyslexia , Edited by: Coltheart , K. P. M. and Marshall , J. C. London : Routledge and Kegan Paul .
   Google Scholar
• Mummery , C. J. , Patterson , K. , Price , C. J. , Ashburner , J. , Frackowiak , R. S. J. and Hodges , J. R. 2000 . A voxel-based morphometry study of semantic dementia: Relationship between temporal lobe atrophy and semantic memory . Annals of Neurology , 47 : 36 – 45 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myerson , J. , Lawrence , B. , Hale , S. , Jenkins , L. and Chen , J. 1998 . General slowing of lexical and nonlexical information processing in dementia of the Alzheimer type . Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition , 5 : 182 – 193 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neary , D. , Snowden , J. S. , Gustafson , L. , Passant , U. , Stuss , D. Black , S. 1998 . Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: A consensus on clinical diagnostic criteria . Neurology , 51 : 1546 – 1554 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nebes , R. D. and Brady , C. B. 1992 . Generalized cognitive slowing and severity of dementia in Alzheimer's disease: Implications for the interpretation of response-time data . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 14 : 317 – 326 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noble , K. , Glosser , G. and Grossman , M. 2000 . Oral reading in dementia . Brain and Language , 74 : 48 – 69 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paap , K. R. and Noel , R. W. 1991 . Dual-route models of print to sound: Still a good horse race . Psychological Research/Psychologische Forschung , 53 : 13 – 24 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patterson , K. and Hodges , J.-R. 1992 . Deterioration of word meaning: Implications for reading . Neuropsychologia , 30 : 1025 – 1040 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patterson , K. and Morton , J. 1985 . “ From orthography to phonology: An attempt at an old interpretation ” . In Surface dyslexia , Edited by: Marshall , M. C. J. C. Hove, , UK : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Patterson , K. and Shewell , C. 1987 . “ Speak and spell: Dissociations and word-class effects ” . In The cognitive neuropsychology of language , Edited by: Coltheart , M. and Sartori , G. 273 – 294 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Plaut , D. C. 1997 . Structure and function in the lexical system: Insights from distributed models of word reading and lexical decision . Language and Cognitive Processes , 12 : 765 – 805 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plaut , D. C. , McClelland , J. L. , Seidenberg , M. S. and Patterson , K. 1996 . Understanding normal and impaired word reading: Computational principles in quasi-regular domains . Psychological Review , 103 : 56 – 115 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rapp , B. , Folk , J. R. and Tainturier , M.-J. 2001 . “ Word reading ” . In The handbook of cognitive neuropsychology: What deficits reveal about the human mind , Edited by: Rapp , B. 233 – 262 . New York : Psychology Press .
   Google Scholar
• Rey , A. 1941 . L'examen psychologie dans les cas d'encephalopathie traumatique [Psychological examination in traumatic brain injury cases] . Archives de Psychologie , 28 : 286 – 340 .
   Google Scholar
• Rogers , T. T. , Lambon Ralph , M. A. , Hodges , J. R. and Patterson , K. 2004 . Natural selection: The impact of semantic impairment on lexical and object decision . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 21 : 331 – 352 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz , M. F. , Marin , O. S. and Saffran , E. M. 1979 . Dissociations of language function in dementia: A case study . Brain and Language , 7 : 277 – 306 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz , M. F. , Saffran , E. M. and Marin , O. S. M. 1987 . “ Fractionating the reading process in dementia: Evidence for word-specific print-to-sound association ” . In Deep dyslexia: International library of psychology , 2nd ed. , Edited by: Coltheart , M. and Patterson , K. 259 – 269 . New York : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Seidenberg , M. S. and McClelland , J. L. 1989 . “ Visual word recognition and pronunciation: A computational model of acquisition, skilled performance, and dyslexia ” . In From reading to neurons. Issues in the biology of language and cognition , Edited by: Galaburda , A. M. 255 – 303 . Cambridge, MA : The MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shallice , T. 1979 . Case study approach in neuropsychological research . Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology , 1 : 183 – 211 .
   Google Scholar
• Shallice , T. , Warrington , E. K. and McCarthy , R. 1983 . Reading without semantics . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology , 35A : 111 – 138 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snowden , J. S. , Goulding , P. J. and Neary , D. 1989 . Semantic dementia: A form of circumscribed cerebral atrophy . Behavioural Neurology , 2 : 167 – 182 .
   Google Scholar
• Strain , E. and Herdman , C. M. 1999 . Imageability effects in word naming: An individual differences analysis . Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology , 53 : 347 – 359 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strain , E. , Patterson , K. and Seidenberg , M. S. 2002 . Theories of word naming interact with spelling–sound consistency . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , 28 : 207 – 214 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabachnick , B. G. and Fidell , L. S. 1996 . Using multivariate statistics , (3rd ed.). , New York : HarperCollins .
   Google Scholar
• Ward , J. , Stott , R. and Parkin , A. J. 2000 . The role of semantics in reading and spelling: Evidence for the “summation hypothesis” . Neuropsychologia , 38 : 1643 – 1653 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warrington , E. K. 1975 . The selective impairment of semantic memory . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 27 : 635 – 657 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar