When time runs out: reconciling permanent childlessness after delayed childbearing

References

• Abma, J. C., & Martinez, G. M. (2006). Childlessness among older women in the United States: Trends and profiles. Journal of Marriage and Family, 68, 1045–1056. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/412289210.1111/jomf.2006.68.issue-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berrington, A. (2004). Perpetual postponers? Women’s, men’s and couple’s fertility intentions and subsequent fertility behaviour. Population Trends, 117, 9–19.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cain, M. (2002). The childless revolution: What it means to be childless today. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Infertility and impaired fecundity in the United States, 1982–2010: Data from the national survey of family growth. National Health Statistics Reports, 67. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhsr/nhsr067.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Cooke, A., Mills, T. A., & Lavender, T. (2012). Advanced maternal age: Delayed childbearing is rarely a conscious choice – A qualitative study of women’s views and experiences. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 49, 30–39. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.07.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Daniluk, J. C. (2001). Reconstructing their lives: A longitudinal, qualitative analysis of the transition to biological childlessness for infertile couples. Journal of Counseling and Development, 79, 439–449. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.2001.tb01991.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day, J. (2013). Rocking the life unexpected: 12 weeks to your plan B for a meaningful and fulfilling life without children. London: Publisher Author.
   Google Scholar
• Fleming, A. T. (1994). Motherhood deferred: A woman’s journey. New York, NY: Ballantine Books.
   Google Scholar
• Gameiro, S., van den Belt-Dusebout, A. W., Bleiker, E., Braat, D., van Leeuwen, F. E., & Verhaak, C. M. (2014). Do children make you happier? Sustained child-wish and mental health in women 11–17 years after fertility treatment. Human Reproduction, 29, 2238–2246. doi:10.1093/humrep/deu178
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt Anton, L. (1992). Never to be a mother: A guide for all women who didn’t – or couldn’t – have children. San Francisco, CA: Harper Collins.
   Google Scholar
• Ireland, M. (1993). Reconceiving women: Separating motherhood from female identity. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kraaij, V., Garnefski, N., & Vlietstra, A. (2008). Cognitive coping and depressive symptoms in definitive infertility: A prospective study. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, 29, 9–16. doi:10.1080/01674820701505889
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leridon, H. (2004). Can assisted reproduction technology compensate for the natural decline in fertility with age? A model assessment. Human Reproduction, 19, 1548–1553. doi:10.1093/humrep/deh304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lincoln, Y., & Guba, E. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Lisle, L. (1996). Without child: Challenging the stigma of childlessness. New York, NY: Ballantine Books.
   Google Scholar
• van Manen, M. (1990). Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive pedagogy. London, Canada: Althouse.
   Google Scholar
• Masters, J. (2006, 12 March). Life without children. The Observer. Retrieved from www.observer.guardian.co.uk
   Google Scholar
• McQuillan, J., Greil, A. L., Shreffler, K. M., Wonch-Hill, Patricia A., Gentzler, Kari C., & Hathcoat, J. (2012). Does the reason matter? Childlessness specific distress among U. S. women. Journal of Marriage and Family, 74, 1166–1181. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2012.01015.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mills, M., Rindfuss, R. R., McDonald, P., & te Velde, E., on behalf of the ESHRE Reproduction and Society Task Force (2011). Why do people postpone parenthood? Reasons and social policy incentives. Human Reproduction Update, 17, 848–860. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmr026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morell, C. (1994). Unwomanly conduct: The challenges of intentional childlessness. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Notkin, M. (2015). Otherhood: Modern women finding a new kind of happiness. New York, NY: Avalon Publishing Group.
   Google Scholar
• Office for National Statistics. (2013). Childbearing for women born in different years, England and Wales. Retrieved from http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_387280.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Osborne, J. W. (1990). Some basic existential-phenomenological research methodology for counselors. Canadian Journal of Counselling, 24, 79–91. Retrieved from http://cjc-rcc.ucalgary.ca/cjc/index.php/rcc/article/view/1178
   Google Scholar
• Schlossberg, N. K., Waters, E. B., & Goodman, J. (1995). Counseling adults in transition: Linking practice with theory (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt, L., Sobotka, T., Bentzen, J. G., & Nyboe Andersen, A., on behalf of the ESHRE Reproduction and Society Task Force. (2012). Demographic and medical consequences of the postponement of parenthood. Human Reproduction Update, 18, 29–43. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmr040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Statistics Canada. (2013). Births. The Daily. Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/130319/dq130319 g-eng.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Verhaak, C. M., Smeenk, J. M., Nahuis, M. J., Kremer, J. A. M., & Braat, D. D. (2007a). Long-term psychological adjustment to IVF/ICSI treatment in women. Human Reproduction, 22, 305–308. doi:10.1093/humrep/del355
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verhaak, C. M., Smeenk, J. M., Evers, A. W. M., Kremer, J. M., Kraaimaat, F. W., & Braat, D. M. (2007b). Women’s emotional adjustment to IVF: A systematic review of 25 years of research. Human Reproduction Update, 13, 27–36. doi:10.1093/humupd/dml040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waren, W., & Pals, H. (2013). Comparing characteristics of voluntarily childless men and women. Journal of Population Research, 30, 151–170. doi:10.1007/s12546-012-9103-8
   Google Scholar
• Williamson, L. E. A., & Lawson, K. L. (2015). Young women’s intentions to delay childbearing: A test of the theory of planned behaviour. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 33, 205–213. 10.1080/02646838.2015.1008439
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wirtberg, I., Moller, A., Hogstrom, L., Tronstad, S. E., & Lalos, A. (2007). Life 20 years after unsuccessful infertility treatment. Human Reproduction, 22, 598–604. doi:10.1093/humrep/del401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wischmann, T., Korge, K., Scherg, H., Strowitzki, T., & Verres, R. A. (2012). 10-Year follow up study of psychosocial factors affecting couples after infertility treatment. Human Reproduction, 27, 3226–3232. doi:10.1093/humrep/des293
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyndham, N., Marin Figueira, P. G., & Patrizio, P. (2012). A persistent misconception: Assisted reproductive technology can reverse the ‘aged biological clock’. Fertility and Sterility, 97, 1044–1047. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.02.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar