Publication Cover
International Journal of Advertising
The Review of Marketing Communications
Volume 40, 2021 - Issue 7
1,592
Views
16
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The effects of user comment valence of Facebook health messages on intention to receive the flu vaccine: the role of pre-existing attitude towards the flu vaccine and psychological reactance

ORCID Icon, , , &
Pages 1187-1208 | Received 11 Mar 2020, Accepted 09 Dec 2020, Published online: 04 Jan 2021

References

  • Ahluwalia, R. 2000. Examination of psychological processes underlying resistance to persuasion. Journal of Consumer Research 27, no. 2: 217–32.
  • Alhabash, S., J. Mundel, T. Deng, A. McAlister, E.T. Quilliam, J.I. Richards, and K. Lynch. 2020. Social media alcohol advertising among underage minors: Effects of models’ age. International Journal of Advertising. Advance online publication. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2020.1852807.
  • Arpan, L.M., and R.L. Nabi. 2011. Exploring anger in the hostile media process: Effects on news preferences and source evaluation. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 88, no. 1: 5–22.
  • Bessarabova, E., E.L. Fink, and M. Turner. 2013. Reactance, restoration, and cognitive structure: Comparative statics. Human Communication Research 39, no. 3: 339–64.
  • Brehm, J.W. 1966. A theory of psychological reactance. New York: Academic Press.
  • Brehm, J.W., and M. Mann. 1975. Effect of importance of freedom and attraction to group members on influence produced by group pressure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 31, no. 5: 816–24.
  • Brehm, S.S., and J.W. Brehm. 1981. Psychological reactance: a theory of freedom and control. New York: Academic Press.
  • Buchanan, R., and R.D. Beckett. 2014. Assessment of vaccination-related information for consumers available on facebook®. Health Information & Libraries Journal 31, no. 3: 227–34.
  • Chen, L., Y. Zhang, R. Young, X. Wu, and G. Zhu. 2020. Effects of vaccine-related conspiracy theories on chinese young adults’ perceptions of the HPV vaccine: an experimental study. Health Communication . Advance online publication. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2020.1751384.
  • Coe, A.B., S.B. Gatewood, L.R. Moczygemba, J.V. Goode, and J.O. Beckner. 2012. The use of the health belief model to assess predictors of intent to receive the novel (2009) H1N1 influenza vaccine. Innovations in Pharmacy 3, no. 2: 1–11.
  • De Pelsmacker, P.,. N. Dens, and S. Verberckmoes. 2019. How ad congruity and interactivity affect fantasy game players' attitude toward in-game advertising. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research 20, no. 1: 55–74.
  • Dillard, J.P., and E. Peck. 2000. Affect and persuasion: Emotional responses to public service announcements. Communication Research 27, no. 4: 461–95.
  • Dillard, J.P., C.A. Plotnick, L.C. Godbold, V.S. Freimuth, and T. Edgar. 1996. The multiple affective outcomes of AIDS PSAs: Fear appeals do more than scare people. Communication Research 23, no. 1: 44–72.
  • Dillard, J.P., and L. Shen. 2005. On the nature of reactance and its role in persuasive health communication. Communication Monographs 72, no. 2: 144–68.
  • Dunn, K., and D. Harness. 2019. Whose voice is heard? The influence of user-generated versus company-generated content on consumer scepticism towards CSR. Journal of Marketing Management 35, no. 9-10: 886–915.
  • Eagly, A.H., and S. Chaiken. 1993. The psychology of attitudes. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers.
  • Edwards, S.M., H.R. Li, and J.H. Lee. 2002. Forced exposure and psychological reactance: Antecedents and consequences of the perceived intrusiveness of pop-up ads. Journal of Advertising 31, no. 3: 83–95.
  • Edwards, K., and E.E. Smith. 1996. A disconfirmation bias in the evaluation of arguments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 71, no. 1: 5–24.
  • Ekman, P. 1999. Basic emotions. In Handbook of cognition and emotion. ed. T. Dalgleish and M.J. Power, 45–60. New York: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Farman, L., M.L. Comello, and J.R. Edwards. 2020. Are consumers put off by retargeted ads on social media? Evidence for perceptions of marketing surveillance and decreased ad effectiveness. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 64, no. 2: 298–319.
  • Feldman, L. 2011. Partisan differences in opinionated news perceptions: a test of the hostile media effect. Political Behavior 33, no. 3: 407–32.
  • Fischer, P., E. Jonas, D. Frey, and S. Schulz-Hardt. 2005. Selective exposure to information: the impact of information limits. European Journal of Social Psychology 35, no. 4: 469–92.
  • Fishbein, M. 1979. A theory of reasoned action: Some applications and implications. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation 27: 65–116.
  • Fishbein, M., and I. Ajzen. 1975. Beliefs, attitude, intention, and behavior: an introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Fox, A.K., C. Nakhata, and G.D. Deitz. 2019. Eat, drink, and create content: a multi-method exploration of visual social media marketing content. International Journal of Advertising 38, no. 3: 450–70.
  • Gardner, L., and G. Leshner. 2016. The role of narrative and other-referencing in attenuating psychological reactance to diabetes self-care messages. Health Communication 31, no. 6: 738–51.
  • Greenwald, A.G. 1968. Cognitive learning, cognitive response to persuasion, and attitude change In Psychological foundations of attitude. ed. A.G. Greenwald, T.C. Brock, and T.M. Ostrom, 147–70. New York: Academic Press.
  • Hart, W., D. Albarracin, A.H. Eagly, I. Brechan, M.J. Lindberg, and L. Merrill. 2009. Feeling validated versus being correct: a Meta-analysis of selective exposure to information. Psychol. Bulletin 135, no. 4: 555–88.
  • Haugtvedt, C.P., and D.T. Wegener. 1994. Message order effects in persuasion: an attitude strength perspective. Journal of Consumer Research 21, no. 1: 205–18
  • Hayes, A.F. 2018. Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: a regression-based approach. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Hayes, J.L., Y. Shan, and K.W. King. 2018. The interconnected role of strength of Brand and interpersonal relationships and user comment valence on Brand video sharing behaviour. International Journal of Advertising 37, no. 1: 142–64.
  • Hoffman, B.L., E.M. Felter, K.H. Chu, A. Shensa, D. Williams, R. Himmel, R. Wolynn, C. Hermann, T. Wolynn, and B.A. Primack. 2019. The emerging landscape of anti-vaccination sentiment on facebook. Journal of Adolescent Health 64, no. 2: S136.
  • Hudders, L., S. De Jans, and M. De Veirman. 2020. The commercialization of social media stars: a literature review and conceptual framework on the strategic use of social media influencers. International Journal of Advertising. Advance online publication. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2020.1836925.
  • Iyengar, S., and K.S. Hahn. 2009. Red media, blue media: Evidence of ideological selectivity in media use. Journal of Communication 59, no. 1: 19–39.
  • Izard, C.E. 1992. Basic emotions, relations among emotions, and emotion-cognition relations. Psychological Review 99, no. 3: 561–5.
  • Jacobs, W., A.O. Amuta, and K.C. Jeon. 2017. Health information seeking in the digital age: an analysis of health information seeking behavior among US adults. Cogent Social Sciences 3, no. 1: 1302785.
  • Johnson, P.O., and J. Neyman. 1936. Tests of certain linear hypotheses and their application to some educational problems. Statistical Research Memoirs 1: 57–93.
  • Kanouse, D.E., and L.R. Hanson. 1987. Negativity in evaluations. In Attribution: Perceiving the causes of behavior. ed. E.E. Jones, D.E. Kanouse, H.H. Kelley, R.E. Nisbett, S. Valins, and B. Weiner, 47–62. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Kim, H., J.Y. Han, and Y. Seo. 2020. Effects of facebook comments on attitude towards vaccines: the roles of perceived distributions of public opinion and perceived vaccine efficacy. Journal of Health Communication 25, no. 2: 159–69.
  • Krosnick, J.A., and R.E. Petty. 1995. Attitude strength: An overview. In Attitude strength: Antecedents and consequences. ed. R.E. Petty and J.A. Krosnick, 1–24. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Kunda, Z. 1990. The case for motivated reasoning. Psychological Bulletin 108, no. 3: 480–98.
  • LaVoie, N. R., B.L. Quick, J.M. Riles, and N.J. Lambert. 2017. Are graphic cigarette warning labels an effective message strategy? A test of psychological reactance theory and source appraisal. Communication Research 44, no. 3: 416–36.
  • Lazarus, R.S. 1991. Progress on a cognitive motivational relational theory of emotion. American Psychologist 46, no. 8: 819–34.
  • Lee, D.K.L., and P. Borah. 2020. Self-presentation on instagram and friendship development among young adults: a moderated mediation model of media richness, perceived functionality, and openness. Computers in Human Behavior 103: 57–66.
  • Liang, Y., and R.H. Tukachinsky. 2017. Narrative persuasion 2.0: Transportation in participatory websites. Communication Research Reports 34, no. 3: 201–10.
  • Mayrhofer, M.,. J. Matthes, S. Einwiller, and B. Naderer. 2020. User generated content presenting brands on social media increases young adults' purchase intention. International Journal of Advertising 39, no. 1: 166–86.
  • Miller, C.H. 2015. Persuasion and psychological reactance: The effects of explicit, high-controlling language. In The exercise of power in communication. ed. R. Schulze and H. Pishwa, 269–86. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Miller, C.H., and B.L. Quick. 2010. Sensation seeking and psychological reactance as health risk predictors for an emerging adult population. Health Communication 25, no. 3: 266–75.
  • Miller, L.J., M.E. Anzalone, S.J. Lane, S.A. Cermak, and E.T. Osten. 2007. Concept evolution in sensory integration: a proposed nosology for diagnosis. American Journal of Occupational Therapy 61, no. 2: 135–40.
  • National Vaccine Advisory Committee 2015. Assessing the state of vaccine confidence in the United States: Recommendations from the national vaccine advisory committee. Public Health Reports 130 no. 6: 573–95.
  • Okazaki, S., and C.R. Taylor. 2013. Social media and international advertising: Theoretical challenges and future directions. International Marketing Review 30, no. 1: 56–71.
  • Panigyrakis, G., A. Panopoulos, and E. Koronaki. 2020. All we have is words: Applying rhetoric to examine how social media marketing activities strengthen the connection between the Brand and the self. International Journal of Advertising 39, no. 5: 699–718.
  • Petty, R.E., and J.T. Cacioppo. 1986. The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. In Advances in experimental social psychology. Vol. 19, ed. L. Berkowitz, 123–205. New York: Academic Press.
  • Petty, R.E., and D.T. Wegener. 1998. Attitude change: Multiple roles for persuasion variables. In The handbook of social psychology. 4th ed. D.T. Gilbert, S.T. Fiske, and G. Lindzey, 323–90. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Plutchik, R. 1997. The circumplex as a general model of the structure of emotions and personality. In Circumplex models of personality and emotions. ed. R. Plutchik and H.R. Conte, 17–45. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Quick, B.L., and B.R. Bates. 2010. The use of gain- or loss-frame messages and efficacy appeals to dissuade excessive alcohol consumption among college students: a test of psychological reactance theory. Journal of Health Communication 15, no. 6: 603–28.
  • Quick, B.L., and J.R. Considine. 2008. Examining the use of forceful language when designing exercise persuasive messages for adults: a test of conceptualizing reactance arousal as a two-step process. Health Communication 23, no. 5: 483–91.
  • Rains, S.A. 2013. The nature of psychological reactance revisited: a Meta-analytic review. Human Communication Research 39, no. 1: 47–73.
  • Rains, S.A., and M.M. Turner. 2007. Psychological reactance and persuasive health communication: a test and extension of the intertwined model. Human Communication Research 33, no. 2: 241–69.
  • Reinhart, A.M., H.M. Marshall, T.H. Feeley, and F. Tutzauer. 2007. The persuasive effects of message framing in organ donation: the mediating role of psychological reactance. Communication Monographs 74, no. 2: 229–55.
  • Shen, L. 2010. Mitigating psychological reactance: the role of message-induced empathy in persuasion. Human Communication Research 36, no. 3: 397–422.
  • Shen, L., J.L. Monahan, N. Rhodes, and D.R. Roskos-Ewoldsen. 2009. The impact of attitude accessibility and decision style on adolescents' biased processing of health-related public service announcements. Communication Research 36, no. 1: 104–28.
  • Smith, N., and T. Graham. 2019. Mapping the anti-vaccination movement on facebook. Information Communication & Society 22, no. 9: 1310–27.
  • Song, H., K.A. McComas, and K.L. Schuler. 2018. Source effects on psychological reactance to regulatory policies: the role of trust and similarity. Science Communication 40, no. 5: 591–620.
  • Statista 2019. Number of monthly active Facebook users worldwide as of 2nd quarter 2020. https://www.statista.com/statistics/264810/number-of-monthly-active-facebook-users-worldwide/ (accessed October 7, 2020)
  • Statista 2020. Social network advertising spending in the United States from 2016 to 2020. https://www.statista.com/statistics/736971/social-media-ad-spend-usa/ (accessed October 7, 2020)
  • Stroud, N.J. 2011. Niche news: the politics of news choice. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Uddin, M., G.C. Cherkowski, G. Liu, J. Zhang, A.S. Monto, and A.E. Aiello. 2010. Demographic and socioeconomic determinants of influenza vaccination disparities among university students. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 64, no. 9: 808–13.
  • Vanden Bergh, B.G., M. Lee, E.T. Quilliam, and T. Hove. 2011. The multidimensional nature and Brand impact of user-generated ad parodies in social media. International Journal of Advertising 30, no. 1: 103–31.
  • Voorveld, H.A., T. Araujo, S.F. Bernritter, E. Rietberg, and R. Vliegenthart. 2018. How advertising in offline media drives reach of and engagement with brands on Facebook. International Journal of Advertising 37, no. 5: 785–805.
  • Walter, N., H. Bilandzic, N. Schwarz, and J.J. Brooks. 2020. Metacognitive approach to narrative persuasion: the desirable and undesirable consequences of narrative disfluency. Media Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2020.1789477.
  • Weber, M., C. Viehmann, M. Ziegele, and C. Schemer. 2020. Online hate does not stay online–how implicit and explicit attitudes mediate the effect of civil negativity and hate in user comments on prosocial behavior. Computers in Human Behavior 104: 106192.
  • Winter, S., M.J. Metzger, and A.J. Flanagin. 2016. Selective use of news cues: a multiple-motive perspective on information selection in social media environments. Journal of Communication 66, no. 4: 669–93.
  • Xu, J., and Y. Wu. 2020. Countering reactance in crisis communication: Incorporating positive emotions via social media. International Journal of Business Communication 57, no. 3: 352–69.
  • Youn, S., and S. Kim. 2019a. Understanding ad avoidance on Facebook: Antecedents and outcomes of psychological reactance. Computers in Human Behavior 98: 232–44.
  • Youn, S., and S. Kim. 2019b. Newsfeed native advertising on Facebook: Young millennials’ knowledge, pet peeves, reactance and ad avoidance. International Journal of Advertising 38, no. 5: 651–83.
  • Young, M.J., L.Z. Tiedens, H.J. Jung, and M.H. Tsai. 2011. Mad enough to see the other side: Anger and the search for disconfirming information. Cognition & Emotion 25, no. 1: 10–21.
  • Zhang, Q., and D.A. Sapp. 2013. Psychological reactance and resistance intention in the classroom: Effects of perceived request politeness and legitimacy, relationship distance, and teacher credibility. Communication Education 62, no. 1: 1–25.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.