References
- Alvarez-Román R, Naik A, Kalia YN, Guy RH, Fessi H. Enhancement of topical delivery from biodegradable nanoparticles. Pharmaceutical Research 2004a; 21(10)1818–1825
- Alvarez-Román R, Naik A, Kalia YN, Guy RH, Fessi H. Skin penetration and distribution of polymeric nanoparticles. Journal of Controlled Release 2004b; 99(1)53–62
- Bunjes H, Koch MH, Westesen K. Influence of emulsifiers on the crystallization of solid lipid nanoparticles. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2003; 92(7)1509–1520
- Cui Z, Mumper RJ. Topical immunization using nanoengineered genetic vaccines. Journal of Controlled Release 2002; 81: 173–184
- Dingler A, Gohla S. Production of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN): Scaling up feasibilities. Journal of Microencapsulation 2002; 19(1)11–16
- Ellis CN, Millikan LE, Smith EB, Chalker DM, Swinyer LJ, Katz IH, Berger RS, Mills Jr OH, Baker M, Verschoore M, et al. Comparison of adapalene 0.1% solution and tretinoin 0.025% gel in topical treatment of acne vulgaris. The British Journal of Dermatology 1998; 139(S52)41–47
- Freitas C, Muller RH. Correlation between long-term stability of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN ™) and crystallinity of solid lipid phase. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 1999; 47: 125–132
- Gollnick H, Schramm M. Topical drug treatment in acne. Dermatology 1998; 196: 119–125
- Gollnick H, Cunliffe W, Berson D, Dreno B, Finlay A, Leyden JJ, Shalita AR, Thiboutot D. Management of acne: A report from a global alliance to improve outcomes in acne. Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 2003; 49: S1–S38
- Hu L, Tang X, Cui F. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to improve oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2004; 56: 1527–1535
- Jenning V, Gohla S. Encapsulation of retinoids in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN®). Journal of Microencapsulation 2001; 19(2)149–158
- Jenning V, Lippacher A, Gohla S. Medium scale production of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN®) by high pressure homogenization. Journal of Microencapsulation 2002; 19(1)1–10
- Jung S, Otberg N, Thiede G, Richter H, Sterry W, Panzner S, Landemann J. Innovative liposomes as a transfollicular drug delivery system: Penetration into porcine hair follicles. The Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2006; 126(8)1728–1732
- Kayali I, Ward AJI, Suhery T, Friberg SE, Simion A, Rhein LD. Interactions of retinoic acid with a model of stratum corneum lipids. Journal of Dermal Clinical Evaluation Society 1991; 2: 7–17
- Lehmann HP, Robison KA, Andrews JS, Holloway V, Goodman SN. Acne therapy: A methodologic review. Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 2002; 47: 231–240
- Leyden J. A review of the use of combination therapies for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 2003; 49: S200–S210
- Lim S, Kim C. Formulation parameters determining the physicochemical characteristics of solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with all-trans retinoic acid. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 2002; 243: 135–146
- Lim S, Lee M, Kim C. Altered chemical and biological activities of all-trans retinoic acid incorporated in solid lipid nanoparticles powders. Journal of Controlled Release 2004; 100: 58–61
- Lucky AW, Cullen SI, Jarratt MT, Quigley JW. Comparative efficacy and safety of two 0.025% tretinoin gels: Results from a multicenter, double-blind, parallel study. Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 1998a; 38: S17–S23
- Lucky AW, Cullen SI, Funicella T, Jarratt MT, Quigley JW, Jones T, Reddick ME. Double-blind, vehicle-controlled, multicenter comparison of two 0.025% tretinoin creams in patients with acne vulgaris. Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 1998b; 38: S24–S30
- Megwa SA, Cross SE, Benson HA, Roberts MS. Ion-pair formation as a strategy to enhance topical delivery of salicylic acid. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2000a; 52(8)919–928
- Megwa SA, Cross SE, Whitehouse MW, Benson HA, Roberts MS. Effect of ion pairing with alkylamines on the in-vitro dermal penetration and local tissue disposition of salicylates. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2000b; 52(8)929–940
- Mehnert W, Mäder K. Solid lipid nanoparticles production, characterization and applications. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 2001; 47: 165–196
- Mills Jr OH, Berger RS. Irritation potential of new topical tretinoin formulation and a commercially-avaiable tretinoin formulation as measured by patch testing in human subjects. The Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 1998; 33: S11–S16
- Mordon S, Sumian C, Devoisselle JM. Site-specific methylene blue delivery to pilosebaceous structures using highly porous nylon microspheres: An experimental evaluation. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 2003; 33: 119–125
- Müller RH, Radtke M, Wissing SA. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) in cosmetic and dermatological preparations. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 2002; 54: S131–S155
- Munster U, Nakamura C, Haberland A, Jores K, Mehnert W, Rummel S, Schaller M, Korting HC, Zouboulis CC, Blume-Pevtavi U, et al. RU58841- myristate-prodrug development for topical treatment of acne and androgenetic alopecia. Pharmazie 2005; 60: 8–12
- Quigley JW, Bucks AW. Reduced skin irritation with tretinoin containing polyolprepolymer-2, a new topical tretinoin delivery system: A summary of preclinical and clinical investigations. The Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 1998; 38: S5–S10
- Rolland A, Wagner N, Chatelus A, Shroot B, Schaefer H. Site-specific drug delivery to pilosebaceous structures using polymeric microspheres. Pharmaceutical Research 1993; 10: 1738–1744
- Rzany B, Kahl C. Epidemiology of acne vulgaris. Journal of the German Society of Dermatology 2006; 4: 8–9
- Skov MJ, Quigley JW, Bucks DAW. Topical delivery system for tretinoin: Research and clinical implications. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1997; 86: 1138–1143
- Sumian CC, Pitre FB, Gauthier BE, Bouclier M, Mordon SR. A new method to improve penetration depth of dyes into follicular duct: Potential application for laser hair removal. Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 1999; 41: 172–175
- The United States Pharmacopoeia. The National Formulary - USP 26 NF 21. United States Pharmacopoeial Convention, Rockville MDUSA 2003; 1861–1862
- Trotta M, Ugazio E, Peira P, Pulitano C. Influence of ion pairing on topical delivery of retinoic acid from microemulsions. Journal of Controlled Release 2003; 86: 315–321
- Vogt A, Mandt N, Landemann J, Schaefer H, Blume-Peytavi U. Follicular targeting – A promising tool in selective dermatotherapy. The Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2005; 10: 252–255
- Vogt A, Combadiere B, Hadam S, Stieler KM, Landemann J, Schaefer H, Autran B, Sterry W, Blume-Peytavi U. 40 nm, but not 750 or 1.500 nm, nanoparticles enter epidermal CD1a+ cells after transcutaneous application on human skin. The Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2006; 126: 1316–1322
- Westesen K, Bunjes H, Koch MHJ. Physicochemical characterization of lipid nanoparticles and evaluation of their drug loading capacity and sustained release potential. Journal of Controlled Release 1997; 48: 223–236
- Webster GF. Topical tretinoin in acne therapy. The Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 1998; 39: S38–S44
- Wester RC, Patel R, Nacht S, Leyden J, Melendres J, Mailbach H. Controlled release of benzoyl peroxide from a porous microsphere polymeric system can reduce topical irritancy. The Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 1991; 24: 720–726
- White GM. Recent findings in the epidemiologic evidence, classification, and subtypes of acne vulgaris. The Journal of American Academy of Dermatology 1998; 39: S34–S37