1,050
Views
19
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Gated communities and land administration challenges in Ghana: reappraising the reasons why people move into gated communities

, &
Pages 307-335 | Received 07 Jan 2019, Accepted 05 Dec 2019, Published online: 19 Dec 2019

References

  • Abubakari, Z., Richter, C. & Zevenbergen, J. (2018) Exploring the “implementation gap” in land registration: How it happens that Ghana’s official registry contains mainly leaseholds, Land Use Policy, 78, pp. 539–554.
  • Acharya, A. S., Prakash, A., Saxena, P. & Nigam, A. (2013) Sampling: Why and how of it? Indian Journal of Medical Specialities, 4, pp. 330–333.
  • Acheampong, R. (2018) Towards incorporating location choice into integrated land use and transport planning and policy: A multi-scale analysis of residential and job location choice behaviour, Land Use Policy, 78, pp. 397–409.
  • Adarkwa, K. K. (2012) The changing face of Ghanaian towns, African Review of Economics and Finance, 4, pp. 1–29.
  • Adetokunbo, I. (2013) Sense of security and production of place in gated communities: Case-studies in Lagos, Nigeria, International Journal of Property Sciences, 3(1), pp. 1–21.
  • Agyemang, F. S. K. & Morrison, N. (2017) Recognising the barriers to securing affordable housing through the land use planning system in Sub-Saharan Africa: A perspective from Ghana, Urban Studies, 55(12), pp. 1–20.
  • Anokye, P. A., Tanyeh, J. P. & Agyemang, F. S. K. (2013) The emergence of gated communities in Ghana and their implications on urban planning and management, Developing Country Studies, 3(14), pp. 40–46.
  • Antwi, A. Y. & Adams, J. (2003) Rent-seeking behaviour and its economic costs in urban land transactions in Accra, Ghana, Urban Studies, 40, pp. 2083–2098.
  • Arko-Adjei, A. (2011) Adapting Land Administration to the Institutional Framework of Customary Tenure: The Case of Peri-Urban Ghana (Amsterdam: IOS Press BV).
  • Asiama, K., Bennett, R. & Zevenbergen, J. (2017) Participatory land administration on customary lands: A practical VGI experiment in Nanton, Ghana, ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 6, pp. 186.
  • Asiedu, A. B. & Arku, G. (2009) The rise of gated housing estates in Ghana: Empirical insights from three communities in metropolitan Accra, Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 24, pp. 227–247.
  • Atkinson, R. & Blandy, S. (2005) Introduction: International perspectives on the new enclavism and the rise of gated communities, Housing Studies, 20, pp. 177–186.
  • Baffour-Awuah, G. K., Hammond, N. F. & Lamond, E. J. (2013) The cost of land title formalisation in Ghana, Property Management, 31, pp. 389–403.
  • Baffour-Awuah, K. G. (2016) Can land value capture support urban infrastructure in Ghana? Paper presented at the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors – Construction and Built Environment Conference, Marriott Courtyard Hotel, Toronto, Canada, September (pp. 1–7).
  • Baffour-Awuah, K. G., Hammond, F. N., Lamond, J. E. & Booth, C. (2014) Benefits of urban land use planning in Ghana, Geoforum, 51, pp. 37–46.
  • Bansah, D. K. (2017) Governance challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa: The case of land guards and land protection in Ghana. Doctor of International Conflict Management Dissertations. 14. Available at https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/incmdoc_etd/14
  • Barry, M. & Danso, E. K. (2014) Tenure security, land registration and customary tenure in a peri-urban Accra community, Land Use Policy, 39, pp. 358.
  • Bartels, L. E., Bruns, A. & Alba, R. (2018) The production of uneven access to land and water in peri-urban spaces: De facto privatisation in Greater Accra, Local Environment, 9839, pp. 1–18.
  • Bible, D. S. & Hsieh, C. (2001) Gated communities and property values, The Appraisal Journal, 69, pp. 140–145.
  • Blakely, E. J. & Snyder, M. G. (1997) Fortress America: Gated Communities in the United States (Washington, DC: Brookings Institute Press).
  • Blandy, S. & Lister, D. (2005) Gated communities: (Ne)gating community development? Housing Studies, 20, pp. 287–301.
  • Blocher, J. (2006) Building on custom: Land tenure policy and economic development in Ghana, Yale Human Rights and Development Law Journal, 9, pp. 202.
  • Chimhowu, A. (2019) The ‘New’ African customary land tenure. Characteristic, features and policy implications of a new paradigm, Land Use Policy, 81, pp. 897–903.
  • Cobbinah, P. B. & Amoako, C. (2012) Urban sprawl and the loss of peri-urban land, International Journal of Social and Human Sciences, 6, pp. 388–397.
  • Cotula, L., Toulmin, C. & Hesse, C. (2004) Land Tenure and Administration in Africa: Lessons of Experience and Emerging Issues (London: International Institute for Environment and Development).
  • Coy, M. & Pöhler, M. (2002) Gated communities in Latin American megacities: Case studies in Brazil and Argentina, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 29, pp. 355–370.
  • Damstra, R. (2001) Don’t fence us out: The municipal power to ban gated communities and the federal takings clause, Valparaiso University Law Review, 35, pp. 525–560.
  • Darkwa, L. & Attuquayefio, P. (2012) Killing to protect? Land guards, state subordination and human rights in Ghana, International Journal on Human Rights, 9, pp. 141–162.
  • Demsetz, H. (2002) Toward a theory of property rights II: The competition between private and collective ownership, The Journal of Legal Studies, 31, pp. S653–S672.
  • Ehwi, R. J. & Asante, L. A. (2016) Ex-post analysis of land title registration in Ghana since 2008 Merger: Accra lands commission in perspective, SAGE Open, 6, pp. 1–17.
  • Ehwi, R. J., Tyler, P. & Morrison, N. (2018) Market-led initiatives to land tenure security in Ghana: Contribution of gated communities, in: Approaches to Land Delivery for Urban Expansion, pp. 1–27 (Washington, DC: The World Bank).
  • Elhadary, Y. A. E. (2010) Challenges facing land tenure system in relation to pastoral livelihood security in Gedarif State, Eastern Sudan, Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 3, pp. 208–218.
  • Fält, L. (2019) New cities and the emergence of “privatized urbanism” in Ghana, Built Environment, 44, pp. 438–460.
  • Foldvary, F. E. (1994) Public Goods and Private Communities (Aldershot: Edward Elgar).
  • FAO. (2002) Land Tenure and Rural Development. FAO Land Tenure Studies No. 3 (Rome: UN Food and Agriculture Organization).
  • Frias, S. & Udelsmann Rodrigues, C. (2018) Private condominiums in Luanda: More than just the safety of walls, a new way of living, Social Dynamics, 44, pp. 341–358.
  • Fuseini, I. & Kemp, J. (2015) A review of spatial planning in Ghana’s socio-economic development trajectory: A sustainable development perspective, Land Use Policy, 47, pp. 309–320.
  • Gambrah, A. (2002) Improving land transfer procedures in Ghana, Journal of the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, 22, pp. 22–33.
  • Ghana Institute of Engineers. (2016) Ghana Infrastructure Report Card, 2016: Roads & Bridges, Electric Power & Potable Water (Accra: Ghana Institution of Engineers).
  • Gough, K. V. & Yankson, P. W. K. (2000) Land markets in African cities: The case of peri-urban Accra, Ghana, Urban Studies, 37, pp. 2485–2500.
  • Government of Ghana. (2014) 2010 Population and Housing Census: Housing in Ghana (Accra: Government of Ghana). Available at http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010phc/Mono/HousinginGhana.pdf
  • Grant, J. L. (2007) Two sides of a coin? New urbanism and gated communities, Housing Policy Debate, 18, pp. 481–501.
  • Grant, R. (2005) The emergence of gated communities in a West African context: Evidence from Greater Accra, Ghana, Urban Geography, 26, pp. 661–683.
  • Grant, R. & Yankson, P. (2003) City profile: Accra, Cities, 20(1), pp. 65–74.
  • Hess, J. B. (2000) Imagining architecture: The structure of nationalism in Accra, Ghana, Africa Today, 47, pp. 34–58.
  • Holden, S., Otsuka, K. & Deininger, K. (2013) Land Tenure Reform in Asia and Africa: Assessing Impacts on Poverty and Natural Resource Management (London: Palgrave Macmillan).
  • Johnson, B., Onwuegbuzie, A. J. & Turner, L. A. (2007) Toward a definition of mixed methods research, Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1, pp. 112–133.
  • Jolliffe, I. T. (2002) Principal Component Analysis (London: Springer).
  • Jürgens, U. & Gnad, M. (2002) Gated communities in South Africa – Experiences from Johannesburg, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 29, pp. 337–353.
  • Kasanga, K., Cochrane, J., King, R. & Roth, M. (1996) Land Markets and Legal Contradictions in the Peri-Urban Area of Accra Ghana: Informant Interviews and Secondary Data Investigations (Madison: Land Tenure Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison).
  • Kasanga, K. & Kotey, N. A. (2001) Land Management in Ghana : Building on Tradition and Modernity (London: International Institute for Environment and Development).
  • Kenna, T. & Stevenson, D. (2013) Experiences of “community” in a gated residential estate, Geographical Research, 51, pp. 412–423.
  • Kuusaana, E. D. & Eledi, J. A. (2015) Customary land allocation, urbanization and land use planning in Ghana: Implications for food systems in the Wa Municipality, Land Use Policy, 48, pp. 454–466.
  • Lang, R. E & Danielsen, K. A. (1997) Gated communities in America: Walling out the world? Housing Policy Debate, 8 (4), pp. 867–899.
  • Larbi, W. O. (1996) Spatial planning and urban fragmentation in Accra, Third World Planning Review, 18, pp. 193–215.
  • Larbi, W. O. (2006) Land administration reform in a plural environment – The case of Ghana. Paper presented at the Promoting Land Administration and Good Governance 5th FIG Regional Conference Accra, Ghana (pp. 1–11).
  • Larbi, W. O., Antwi, A. & Olomolaiye, P. (2004) Compulsory land acquisition in Ghana – Policy and praxis, Land Use Policy, 21, pp. 115–127.
  • Le Goix, R. & Webster, C. J. (2008) Gated communities, Geography Compass, 2, pp. 1189–1214.
  • Leisch, H. (2002) Gated communities in Indonesia, Cities, 19, pp. 341–350.
  • Low, S. (2001) The edge and the center: Gated communities and the discourse of urban fear, American Anthropologist, 103, pp. 45–58.
  • Low, S. (2006) Unlocking the gated community: Moral minimalism and social (dis)order in gated communities in the United States and Mexico, in: G. Glasze, C. J. Webster & K. Frantz (Eds), Private Cities: Global and Local Perspectives, pp. 45–63 (Abingdon: Routledge).
  • Lu, T., Zhang, F. & Wu, F. (2018) Place attachment in gated neighbourhoods in China: Evidence from Wenzhou, Geoforum, 92, pp. 144–151.
  • Lund, C. (2011) Property and citizenship: Conceptually connecting land rights and belonging in Africa [Eigentum Und Bürgerrecht: Versuch Einer Konzeptionellen Verbindung Von Landrechten Und Sozialer Zugehörigkeit in Afrika], Africa Spectrum, 46, pp. 71–75.
  • McKenzie, E. (1994) Privatopia: Homeowner Associations and the Rise of Residential Private Governance (Binghamton, NY: Yale University Press).
  • McKenzie, E. (1998) Homeowner associations and California politics: An exploratory analysis, Urban Affairs Review, 34, pp. 52–75.
  • McKenzie, E. (2003) Common-interest housing in the communities of tomorrow, Housing Policy Debate, 14, pp. 203–234.
  • Morrison, N. (2016) Struggling for the right to be recognised: the informal settlement of Old Fadama, Accra, Ghana, in: K. Brickell, M. Fernández Arrigoitia & A. Vasudevan (Eds), Geographies of Forced Eviction, pp. 25–45 (Palgrave Mcmillan), London.
  • Morrison, N. (2017) Playing by the rules: Path dependency and informal settlements in Sub-Saharan Africa, Environment and Planning A, 49, pp. 2558–2577.
  • Morrison, N. & Davies, M. (2014) Accessing the public sphere in Africa through a slum radio project, in: T. Askanius & L. Ostergaerd (Eds), Reclaiming the Public Sphere: Power, Communication and Social Change, pp. 201–218 (Palgrave Macmillan), London.
  • Obeng-Odoom, F. (2014) Urban land policies in Ghana: A case of the emperor’s new clothes, The Review of Black Political Economy, 41, pp. 119–143.
  • Obeng-Odoom, F., Abdalla, Y. & Elhadary, E. (2014) Life within the wall and implications for those outside it: Gated communities in Malaysia and Ghana, International Journal of Environment, Society and Space, 2, pp. 1–9.
  • Owusu, G. (2008) Indigenes’ and migrants’ access to land in peri-urban areas of Accra, Ghana, International Development Planning Review, 30, pp. 177–198. doi:10.3828/idpr.30.2.5
  • Owusu-Ansah, A., Ohemeng-Mensah, D., Abdulai, R. T. & Obeng-Odoom, F. (2018) Public choice theory and rental housing: An examination of rental housing contracts in Ghana, Housing Studies, 33, pp. 938–959.
  • Pompe, J. J., Rinehart, J. R., Blakely, E. J. & Snyder, M. G. (1998) Fortress America: Gated communities in the United States by Edward J. Blakely and Mary Gail Snyder: A review, Southern Economic Journal, 65, pp. 192–195.
  • Richter, C. & Goetz, A. R. (2007) Gated communities in the Denver-Boulder metropolitan area: Characteristics, spatial distribution, and residents’ motivations, Housing Policy Debate, 18, pp. 535–555.
  • Roitman, S. (2005) Who segregates whom? The analysis of a gated community in Mendoza, Argentina, Housing Studies, 20, pp. 303–321.
  • Sanchez, T. W., Lang, R. E. & Dhavale, D. M. (2005) Security versus status? A first look at the census’s gated community data, Journal of Planning Education and Research, 24, pp. 281–291.
  • Scotland, J. (2012) Exploring the philosophical underpinnings of research: Relating ontology and epistemology to the methodology and methods of the scientific, interpretive, and critical research paradigms, English Language Teaching, 5, pp. 9–16.
  • Sittie, R. (2006) Land title registration: The Ghanaian experience. Paper presented at the Shaping Change XXII FIG Conference, Munich, Germany (pp. 1–11).
  • Toulmin, C. (2009) Securing land and property rights in Sub-Saharan Africa, Land Use Policy, 26, pp. 10–19.
  • Townshend, I. J. (2006) From public neighbourhoods to multi-tier private neighbourhoods: The Evolving ecology of neighbourhood privatization in Calgary, GeoJournal, 66, pp. 103–120.
  • Ubink, J. M. & Amanor, K. S. (2008) Contesting Land and Custom in Ghana: State, Chief and the Citizen (Leiden: Leiden University Press).
  • Walks, A. (2014) Gated communities, neighbourhood selection and segregation: The residential preferences and demographics of gated community residents in Canada, Town Planning Review, 85, pp. 39–66.
  • Webster, C. J. (2001) Gated communities of tomorrow, Town Planning Review, 72, pp. 149–170.
  • Wilson-Doenges, G. (2000) An exploration of sense of community and fear of crime in gated communities, Environment and Behavior, 32, pp. 597–611.
  • Wily, L. A. (2011) “The Law is to Blame”: The vulnerable status of common property rights in Sub-Saharan Africa, Development and Change, 42, pp. 733–757.
  • Yeboah, E. & Shaw, D. P. (2013) Customary land tenure practices in Ghana: Examining the relationship with land-use planning delivery, International Development Planning Review, 35, pp. 21.
  • Yeboah, I. (2000) Structural adjustment and emerging urban form in Accra, Ghana, Africa Today, 47, pp. 61–89.
  • Yeboah, I. (2003) Demographic and housing aspects of structural adjustment and emerging urban form in Accra, Ghana, Africa Today, 10, pp. 106–119.
  • Yin, R. K. (2018) Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods, 6th ed. (Los Angeles, CA: Sage).
  • Zevenbergen, J. (2009) Land administration: To see the change from day to day, 22 April 2009, ITC, Enschede, The Netherlands (Inaugural Address). Available at http://www.itc.nl/library/papers_2009/scie/zevenbergen_lan.pdf
  • Zevenbergen, J., Augustinus, C., Antonio, D. & Bennett, R. (2013) Pro-poor land administration: Principles for recording the land rights of the underrepresented, Land Use Policy, 31, pp. 595.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.