Dynamics of order reconstruction in nanoconfined twisted nematic cells with a topological defect

References

• Mermin ND. The topological theory of defects in ordered media. Rev Mod Phys. 1979;51:591–648. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.51.591
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trebin HR. The topology of non-uniform media in condensed matter physics. Adv Phys. 1982;31:195–254. doi:10.1080/00018738200101458
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaikin PM, Lubensky TC. Principles of condensed matter physics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1995.
   Google Scholar
• Kléman M. Points, lines and walls: in liquid crystals, magnetic systems and various disordered media. New York (NY): Wiley; 1983.
   Google Scholar
• Kurik MV, Lavrentovich OD. Defects in liquid crystals: homotopy theory and experimental studies. Sov Phys Usp. 1988;31:196–224. doi:10.1070/PU1988v031n03ABEH005710
   Google Scholar
• Kralj S, Virga EG. Universal fine structure of nematic hedgehogs. J Phys A Math Gen. 2001;34:829–838. doi:10.1088/0305–4470/34/4/309
   Google Scholar
• Schopohl N, Sluckin TJ. Defect core structure in nematic liquid crystals. Phys Rev Lett. 1987;59:2582–2584. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.59.2582
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palffy-Muhoray P, Gartland EC, Kelly JR. A new configurational transition in inhomogeneous nematics. Liq Cryst. 1994;16:713–718. doi:10.1080/02678299408036543
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bisi F, Gartland EC, Rosso R, Virga EG. Order reconstruction in frustrated nematic twist cells. Phys Rev E. 2003;68:021707-1–021707-11. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.68.021707
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kralj S, Virga EG, Žumer S. Biaxial torus around nematic point defects. Phys Rev E. 1999;60:1858–1866. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.60.1858
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lombardo G, Ayeb H, Ciuchi F, De Santo MP, Barberi R, Bartolino R, Virga EG, Durand GE. Inhomogeneous bulk nematic order reconstruction. Phys Rev E. 2008;77:020702-1–020702-4. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.77.020702
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ambrožič M, Kralj S, Virga EG. Defect-enhanced nematic surface order reconstruction. Phys Rev E. 2007;75:031708-1–031708-9. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.75.031708
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kralj S, Rosso R, Virga EG. Finite-size effects on order reconstruction around nematic defects. Phys Rev E. 2010;81:021703-1–021703-15. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.81.021702
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barberi R, Ciuchi F, Durand GE, Iovane M, Sikharulidze D, Sonnet AM, Virga EG. Electric field induced order reconstruction in a nematic cell. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter. 2004;13:61–71. doi:10.1140/epje/e2004–00040–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinot–Lagarde P, Dreyfus–Lambez H, Dozov I. Biaxial melting of the nematic order under a strong electric field. Phys Rev E. 2003;67:051710-1–051710-4. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.67.051710
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barberi R, Ciuchi FG, Lombardo G, Bartolino R, Durand GE. Time resolved experimental analysis of the electric field induced biaxial order reconstruction in nematics. Phys Rev Lett. 2004;93:137801-1–137801-4. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.137801
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guzmán O, Abbott NL, De Pablo JJ. Quenched disorder in a liquid-crystal biosensor: adsorbed nanoparticles at confining walls. J Chem Phys. 2005;122:184711-1–184711-10. doi:10.1063/1.1896354
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carbone G, Lombardo G, Barberi R. Mechanically induced biaxial transition in a nanoconfined nematic liquid crystal with a topological defect. Phys Rev Lett. 2009;103:167806-1–167806-4. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.167801
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kočevar K, Muševič I. Structural forces near phase transitions of liquid crystals. Chem Phys Chem. 2003;4:1049–1056. doi:10.1002/cphc.200300787
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carbone G, Barberi R, Muševič I, Kržič U. Atomic force microscope study of presmectic modulation in the nematic and isotropic phases of the liquid crystal octylcyanobiphenyl using piezoresistive force detection. Phys Rev E. 2005;71:051704-1–051704-5. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.71.051704
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muševič I, Kočevar K, Kržič U, Carbone G. Force spectroscopy based on temperature controlled atomic force microscope head using piezoresistive cantilevers. Rev Sci Instrum. 2005;76:043701-1–043701-4. doi:10.1063/1.1884191
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasing T, Muševič I. Surfaces and interfaces of liquid crystals. Germany: Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Kočevar K, Muševič I. Surface-induced nematic and smectic order at a liquid-crystal–silanated-glass interface observed by atomic force spectroscopy and Brewster angle ellipsometry. Phys Rev E. 2002;65:021703-1–021703-10. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.65.021703
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kočevar K, Blinc R, Muševič I. Atomic force microscope evidence for the existence of smecticlike surface layers in the isotropic phase of a nematic liquid crystal. Phys Rev E. 2000;62:R3055–R3058. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.62.R3055
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kočevar K, Muševič I. Forces in the isotropic phase of a confined nematic liquid crystal 5CB. Phys Rev E. 2001;64:051711-1–051711-8. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.64.051711
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kočevar K, Borštnik A, Muševič I, Žumer S. Capillary condensation of a nematic liquid crystal observed by force spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett. 2001;86:5914–5917. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.5914
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pires D, Galerne Y. Recording of virtual disclination lines by means of surface polymerization in a nematic liquid crystal. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2005;438:117/[1681]–122/[1686]. doi:10.1080/15421400590954515
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Gennes PG, Prost J. The physics of liquid crystals. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Zhou X, Zhang ZD. Dynamics of order reconstruction in a nanoconfined nematic liquid crystal with a topological defect. Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14:24135–24153. doi:10.3390/ijms141224135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derzhanski AI, Petrov AG. Flexoelectricity in nematic liquid crystals. Acta Phys Pol A. 1979;55:747–767.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faetti S, Nobili M, Raggi I. Surface reorientation dynamics of nematic liquid crystals. Eur Phys J B. 1999;11:445–453. doi:10.1007/s100510050955
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mertelj A, Čopič M. Surface-dominated orientational dynamics and surface viscosity in confined liquid crystals. Phys Rev Lett. 1998;81:5844–5847. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.5844
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbero G, Pandolfi L. Surface viscosity in nematic liquid crystals. Phys Rev E. 2009;79:051701-1–051701-8. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.79.051701
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sonnet AM, Virga EG, Durand GE. Dilution of nematic surface potentials: relaxation dynamics. Phys Rev E. 2000;62:3694–3701. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.62.3694
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexe-Ionescu A-I, Barbero G, Komitov L. Anchoring of nematic liquid crystals on a thin polymeric film. Phys Rev E. 2008;77:051701-1–050710-8. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.77.051701
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Virga EG. Variational theories for liquid crystals. London: Chapman Hall; 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Kaiser P, Wiese W, Hess S. Stability and instability of an uniaxial alignment against biaxial distortions in the isotropic and nematic phases of liquid crystals. J Non-Equilib Thermodyn. 1992;17:153–169. doi:10.1515/jnet.1992.17.2.153
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lombardo G, Ayeb H, Barberi R. Dynamical numerical model for nematic order reconstruction. Phys Rev E. 2008;77:051708-1–051708-10. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.77.051708
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qian TZ, Sheng P. Orientational states and phase transitions induced by microtextured substrates. Phys Rev E. 1997;55:7111–7120. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.55.7111
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar