250
Views
17
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Synthesis of fluorinated terphenyl liquid crystals with 3-propylcyclopentane end group

&
Pages 1235-1245 | Received 11 Feb 2014, Accepted 07 Apr 2014, Published online: 01 May 2014

References

  • Parisha A, Gauzaa S, Wu ST, Dziaduszekb J, Dabrowskib R. New fluorinated terphenyl isothiocyanate liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 2008;35:79–86. doi:10.1080/02678290701749917
  • Fergason JL. Polymer encapsulated liquid crystals for display and light control applications. SID Symp Dig. 1985;16:68.
  • Wu ST, Efron U, Grinberg J, Hess LD. Visible-to-infrared dynamic image converter (VIDIC): present status. SID Symp Dig. 1985;16:262–265.
  • Doane JW, Vaz NA, Wu BG, Žumer S. Field controlled light scattering from nematic microdroplets. Appl Phys Lett. 1986;48:269–271. doi:10.1063/1.96577
  • Li J, Hoke C, Fredly DS, Bos PJ. A bistable LCD using polymer stabilization. SID Symp Dig. 1996;96:265.
  • Sutherland RL, Natarajan LV, Tondiglia VP, Bunning T. Bragg gratings in an acrylate polymer consisting of periodic polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal planes. Chem Mater. 1993;5:1533–1538. doi:10.1021/cm00034a025
  • Bowley CC, Yuan H, Crawford GP. Morphology of holographically-formed polymer dispersed liquid crystals (H-PDLC). Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 1999;331:209–216. doi:10.1080/10587259908047518
  • Mcmanamon PF, Watson EA, Dorschner TA, Barnes LJ. Applications look at the use of liquid crystal writable gratings for steering passive radiation. Opt Eng. 1993;32:2657–2664. doi:10.1117/12.148094
  • Reiffenrath V, Finkenzeller U, Poetsch E, Rieger BA, Coates D, Doane JW, Yaniv Z. Synthesis and properties of liquid crystalline materials with high optical anisotropy. Liq Cryst Disp Appl. 1990;1257:84–94. doi:10.1117/12.19930
  • Kula P, Herman J, Chojnowska O. Synthesis and properties of terphenyl- and quaterphenyl-based chiral diesters. Liq Cryst. 2013;40:83–90. doi:10.1080/02678292.2012.733033
  • Wu ST, Hsu CS, Shyu KF. High birefringence and wide nematic range bis-tolane liquid crystals. Appl Phys Lett. 1999;74:344–346. doi:10.1063/1.123066
  • Wu ST, Hsu CS, Chuang YY, Cheng HB. Physical properties of polar bis-tolane liquid crystals. Jpn J Appl Phys. 2000;39:L38–L41. doi:10.1143/JJAP.39.L38
  • Miao Z-C, Wang D, Zhang Y-M, Jin Z, Liu F, Wang F-F, Yang H. Asymmetrical phenyldiacetylenes liquid crystalline compounds with high birefringence and characteristics of selective reflection. Liq Cryst. 2012;39:1291–1296. doi:10.1080/02678292.2012.714801
  • Dziaduszekb J, Kula P, Dąbrowski R, Drzewiński W, Garbat K, Urban S, Gauza S. General synthesis method of alkyl–alkoxy multifluorotolanes for negative high birefringence nematic mixtures. Liq Cryst. 2012;39:239–247. doi:10.1080/02678292.2011.636457
  • Hsu CS, Shyu KF, Chuang YY, Wu ST. Synthesis of laterally substituted bistolane liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 2000;27:283–287. doi:10.1080/026782900203100
  • Seed AJ, Toyne KJ, Goodby JW, Hird MJ. Synthesis, transition temperatures, and optical properties of various 2,6-disubstituted naphthalenes and related 1-benzothiophenes with butylsulfanyl and cyano or isothiocyanato terminal groups. J Mater Chem. 2000;10:2069–2080. doi:10.1039/b003818k
  • Wu ST, Hsu CS, Chuang YY. Room temperature bis-tolane liquid crystals. Jpn J Appl Phys. 1999;38:L286–L288. doi:10.1143/JJAP.38.L286
  • Gauza S, Du F, Wu JR, Wu ST, Spadło A, Dabrowsk R, Janarthanan N, Hsu CS. 32.2: high birefringence and low viscosity LC mixtures. SID Symp Dig Tech Pap. 2003;34:1054–1057. doi:10.1889/1.1832469
  • Jia D, Yang C, Peng Z, Li X, Liu Y, Yao L, Cao Z, Mu Q, Hu L, Lu X, Xuan L. Wide-angle switchable negative refraction in high birefringence nematic liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 2013;40:599–604. doi:10.1080/02678292.2013.774065
  • Zhang Y-M, Wang D, Miao Z-C, Jin S-K, Yang H. Novel high birefringence bistolane liquid crystals with lateral fluorosubstituent. Liq Cryst. 2012;39:1330–1339. doi:10.1080/02678292.2012.725871
  • Hird M, Toyne KJ, Goodby JW, Gray GW, Minter V, Tuffin RP, McDonnell DG. Synthesis, mesomorphic behaviour and optical anisotropy of some novel materials for nematic mixtures of high birefringence. J Mater Chem. 2004;14:1731–1743. doi:10.1039/b400630e
  • Sekine C, Konya N, Minai M, Fujisawa K. Synthesis and properties of high birefringence liquid crystals: thiophenylacetylene and benzothiazolylacetylene derivatives. Liq Cryst. 2001;28:1361–1367. doi:10.1080/02678290110061386
  • Sekine C, Ishitobi M, Iwakura K, Minai M, Fujisawa K. Novel high birefringence dibenzothiophenylacetylene liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 2002;29:355–367. doi:10.1080/02678290110102434
  • Wu ST, Margerum JD, Meng HB, Dalton LR, Hsu C, Lung S. Room-temperature diphenyl-diacetylene liquid crystals. Appl Phys Lett. 1992;61:630–632. doi:10.1063/1.107829
  • Spadlo A, Dabrowski R, Ziolek A, Kula P, Urban S, Gauza S, Wu ST, Wolinski TR, Warenghem M, Wu S. Comparison of the mesogenic and physical properties of polar tolanes, biphenyls, and terphenyls. Liq Cryst: Opt Appl. 2005;5947:594711–594716. doi:10.1117/12.622878
  • Catanescu O, Chien LC. High birefringence difluoroisothiocyanate biphenyl tolane liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 2006;33:115–120. doi:10.1080/02678290500241835
  • Yao YH, Kung LR, Chang SW, Hsu CS. Synthesis of UV‐curable liquid crystalline diacrylates for the application of polarized electroluminescence. Liq Cryst. 2006;33:33–39. doi:10.1080/02678290500450931
  • Herman J, Dziaduszek J, Dąbrowski R, Kędzierski J, Kowiorski K, Dasari VS, Dhara S, Kula P. Novel high birefringent isothiocyanates based on quaterphenyl and phenylethynyltolane molecular cores. Liq Cryst. 2013;40:1174–1182. doi:10.1080/02678292.2013.808768
  • Kula P, Herman J, Pluczyk S, Harmata P, Mangelinckx G, Beeckman J. Synthesis and mesomorphic properties of laterally substituted 4,4′′′-dialkyl-p-quaterphenyls. Liq Cryst. 2014;41:503–513. doi:10.1080/02678292.2013.859755
  • Dąbrowski DR. New liquid crystalline materials for photonic applications. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2004;421:1–21. doi:10.1080/15421400490501112
  • Gray GW, Hogg C, Lacey D. The synthesis and liquid crystal properties of some laterally fluorinated trans-cyclohexane-1-carboxylate and benzoate esters. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 1981;67:1–23. doi:10.1080/00268948108070871
  • Karamysheva LA, Geyvandova TA, Agafonova IF, Roitman KV, Torgova SI, Geivandov RKH, Petrov VF, Rabinovich AZ, Grebyonkin MF, Crystalline L. 1,3-disubstituted cyclopentanes. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 1990;191:237–246.
  • Eidenschink R. Low viscous compounds of highly nematic character. Mol Cryst Liq Crys. 1983;94:119–125. doi:10.1080/00268948308084251
  • Carr N, Gray GW. The preparation and liquid crystal properties of materials incorporating a mono-substituted ring system. Liq Cryst. 1989;6:467–480. doi:10.1080/02678298908034191
  • Petrov VF. Cyclopentane as a structural fragment in liquid crystals. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2010;517:10–26. doi:10.1080/15421400903507755
  • Coates D, Jenner JA, Relffenrath V, Finkenzeller U Fluorinated terphenyls. German Patent GB2240778A. 1991 Aug 14.
  • Chang CY, Chien SY, Hsu CS, Gauza S, Wu ST. Synthesis of laterally substituted α‐methylstilbene‐tolane liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 2008;35:1–9. doi:10.1080/02678290701743027
  • Imrie CT. Laterally substituted dimeric liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 1989;6:391–396. doi:10.1080/02678298908034184
  • Imrie CT, Taylor L. The preparation and properties of low molar mass liquid-crystals possessing lateral alkyl chains. Liq Cryst. 1989;6:1–10. doi:10.1080/02678298908027317
  • Collings PJ, Hird M. Introduction to liquid crystals: chemistry and physics. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 1997.
  • Hird M. Fluorinated liquid crystals – properties and applications. Chem Soc Rev. 2007;36:2070–2095. doi:10.1039/b610738a
  • Yamada S, Ikukawa S, Nakayama S, Yudasaka Y. Seiko Epson Corp. Cyclohexyl terphenyl derivative and liquid crystal composition containing the same and liquid crystal display element using the same. Japanese patent. JP04356432. 1992 Dec 10.
  • Ruiz de Ballesteros O, Cavallo L, Auriemma F, Guerra G. Conformational analysis of poly(methylene-1,3-cyclopentylene) and chain conformation in the crystalline phase. Macromolecules. 1995;28:7355–7362. doi:10.1021/ma00126a012
  • Jacquemet A, Mériadec C, Lemiègre L, Artzner F, Benvegnu BT. Stereochemical effect revealed in self-assemblies based on archaeal lipid analogues bearing a central five-membered carbocycle: a SAXS study. Langmuir. 2012;28:7591–7597. doi:10.1021/la2045948
  • Khoo IC, Wu TS. Optics and nonlinear optics of liquid crystals. Singapore: World Scientific; 1993.
  • Schad H, Kelly SM. A novel liquid crystal compound with very large dielectric constants. J Chem Phys. 1984;81:1514. doi:10.1063/1.447757
  • Kelly SM. The synthesis and transition temperatures of benzoate ester derivatives of 2-fluoro-4-hydroxy-and 3-fluoro-4-hydroxybenzonitriles. Helv Chim Acta. 1984;67:1572–1579. doi:10.1002/hlca.19840670623

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.