Effects of silver nanoparticles doping on morphology and luminescence behaviour of ferroelectric liquid crystals Langmuir–Blodgett films

References

• Fukuda A, Takanishi Y, Isozaki T, et al. Antiferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystals. J Mater Chem. 1994;4:997–1016. doi:10.1039/jm9940400997.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim YJ, Bhattacharyya SS, Tie W, et al. Effects of carbon nanotubes on electro-optic characteristics in vertically aligned liquid crystal display. Liq Cryst. 2013;40(9):1202–1208. doi:10.1080/02678292.2013.806997.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer RB. Ferroelectric liquid crystals; a review. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 1977;40(1):33–48. doi:10.1080/15421407708084469.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hird M. Ferroelectricity in liquid crystals materials, properties and applications. Liq Cryst. 2011;38(11–12):1467–1493. doi:10.1080/02678292.2011.625126.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark NA, Lagerwall ST. Submicrosecond bistable electrooptic switching in liquid crystals. Appl Phys Lett. 1980;36:899–901. doi:10.1063/1.91359.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blodgett K, Langmuir I. Built-up films of barium stearate and their optical properties. Phys Rev. 1937;51:964–982. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.51.964.
   Google Scholar
• Markel VA, Shalaev VM, Stechel EB, et al. Small-particle composites. I. Linear optical properties. Phys Rev B. 1996;53:2425–2436. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2425.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shalaev VM, Poliakov EY, Markel VA. Small-particle composites. II. Nonlinear optical properties. Phys Rev B. 1996;53:2437–2449. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.53.2437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaur R, Raina KK. Self assembling effects of nano-particles in mesomorphic LB films. Ferroelectrics. 2016;495:87–96. doi:10.1080/00150193.2016.1136766.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shalaev VM. Electromagnetic properties of small-particle composites. Phys Rep. 1996;272:61–137. doi:10.1016/0370-1573(95)00076-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shukla RK, Raina KK, Hamplová V, et al. Dielectric behaviour of the composite system: multiwall carbon nanotubes dispersed in ferroelectric liquid crystal. Phase Transit. 2011;84:850–857. doi:10.1080/01411594.2011.558300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaudhary A, Malik P, Mehra R, et al. Electro-optic and dielectric studies of silica nanoparticle doped ferroelectric liquid crystal in SmC* phase. Phase Transit Multinat J. 2012;85(3):244–254. doi:10.1080/01411594.2011.624274.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malik P, Chaudhary A, Mehra R, et al. Electro-optic, thermo-optic and dielectric responses of multiwalled carbon nanotube doped ferroelectric liquid crystal thin films. J Mol Liq. 2012;165:7–11. doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2011.09.016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malik P, Chaudhary A, Mehra R, et al. Electrooptic and dielectric studies in cadmium sulphide nanorods/ferroelectric liquid crystal mixtures. Adv Cond Matter Phys. 2012;2012:1–8. doi:10.1155/2012/853160.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garbovskiy Y, Glushchenko I. Nano-objects and ions in liquid crystals: ion trapping effect and related phenomena. Cryst. 2015;5:501–533. doi:10.3390/cryst5040501.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shukla RK, Mirzaei J, Sharma A, et al. Electro-optic and dielectric properties of a ferroelectric liquid crystal doped with chemically and thermally stable emissive carbon dots. RSC Adv. 2015;5:34491–34496. doi:10.1039/C5RA01257K.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shukla RK, Feng X, Umadevi S, et al. Influence of different amount of functionalized bulky gold nanorods dopant on the electrooptical, dielectric and optical properties of the FLC host. Chem Phys Lett. 2014;599:80–85. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2014.03.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadjichristov GB, Marinov YG, Petrov AG, et al. Dielectric and electrical characterization of 5CB nematic liquid crystal doped with silver nanoparticles. J Phys. 2016;682:012015(1–8).
   Google Scholar
• Mishra M, Dabrowski RS, Vij JK, et al. Electrical and electro-optical parameters of 4ʹ-octyl-4-cyanobiphenyl nematic liquid crystal dispersed with gold and silver nanoparticles. Liq Cryst. 2015;42(11):1580–1590.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakai Y, Nishida N, Shiraki H, et al. Dielectric properties of twisted nematic liquid crystal displays fabricated by doping Ag-Pd metal nanoparticles having a long term stability. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2005;441(1):143–152. doi:10.1080/154214091009653.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Middha M, Kumar R, Raina KK. Photoluminescence tuning and electro-optical memory in chiral nematic liquid crystals doped with silver nanoparticles. Liq Cryst. 2016;43:1002–1008. doi:10.1080/02678292.2016.1155772.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh UB, Dhar R, Dabrowski R, et al. Influence of low concentration silver nanoparticles on the electrical and electro-optical parameters of nematic liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 2013;40(6):774–782. doi:10.1080/02678292.2013.783136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandal PK, Lapanik A, Wipf R, et al. Sub-hertz relaxation process in chiral smectic mixtures doped with silver nanoparticles. Appl Phys Lett. 2012;100:073112(1–3). doi:10.1063/1.3685700.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honeybourne CL, Barrell KJ. Langmuir Blodgett multilayers of six compact porphyrin amphiphiles. J Mater Chem. 1996;6:323–329. doi:10.1039/JM9960600323.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandel VS, Manohar S, Singh SP, et al. Dielectric and optical study of the ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture ZLI-3654. Akademeia. 2013;3(1):1–5.
   Google Scholar
• Malik P, Chaudhary A, Raina KK. Dielectric studies of carbon nanotube doped ferroelectric liquid crystal films. Asian J Chem. 2009;21(10):S095–S098.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malik P, Ahuja JK, Raina KK. Effect of polymer viscosity on morphological and electro-optic properties of aligned polymer dispersed ferroelectric liquid crystal composite films. Curr Appl Phys. 2003;3:325–329. doi:10.1016/S1567-1739(03)00088-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheres L, Arafat A, Zuilhof H. Self-assembly of high-quality covalently bound organic monolayers onto silicon. Langmuir. 2007;23(16):8343–8346. doi:10.1021/la701359k.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adamson AW, Gast AP. Physical chemistry of surfaces. 5th ed. New York (NY): John Wiley; 1990.
   Google Scholar
• Constantino CJL, Dhanabalan A, Oliveira ON. Experimental artifacts in the surface pressure measurement for lignin monolayers in Langmuir troughs. Rev Sci Instrum. 1999;70:3674–3683. doi:10.1063/1.1149949.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta RK, Suresh KA, Kumar S. Monolayer of amphiphilic functionalized gold nanoparticles at an air-water interface. Phys Rev E. 2008;78:032601. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.78.032601.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moa L, Liua D, Li W, et al. Effects of dodecylamine and dodecanethiol on the conductive properties of nano-Ag films. Appl Surf Sci. 2011;257:5746–5753. doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.01.090.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zalakain I, Politakos N, Ramos JA, et al. Synthesis and incorporation of dodecanethiol capped silver nanoparticles into poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-styrene) block copolymer and their influence in the morphology. Colloid Surface A. 2013;436:170–177. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.06.033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colthup NB, Daly LH, Wiberley SE. Introduction to infrared and Raman spectroscopy. 3rd ed. San Diego (CA): Academic Press; 1990.
   Google Scholar
• Bellamy LJ. Infrared spectra of complex molecules. New York (NY): Chapman and Hall; 1975.
   Google Scholar
• Socrates G. Infrared characteristic group frequencies. New York (NY): Wiley; 1980.
   Google Scholar
• Liu C, Yang X, Yuan H, et al. Preparation of silver nanoparticle and its application to the determination of ct-DNA. Sensors. 2007;7:708–718. doi:10.3390/s7050708.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olbrich E, Marinov O, Davidov D. Ordering effects in thin smectic-C* films: an X-ray-reflectivity study. Phys Rev E: Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 1993;48:2713–2720. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.48.2713.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhullar GK, Kaur R, Raina KK. Hybrid polyaniline TiO2 nanocomposite Langmuir Blodgett thin films: self-assembly and their characterization. J Appl Polym Sci. 2015;135(5):1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Bhullar GK, Kaur R, Raina KK. Growth, morphology and electrical characterization of polyaniline-ZnO Nano-composite Langmuir Blodgett thin films. J Electron Mater. 2015;44(10):3422–3429. doi:10.1007/s11664-015-3868-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaur R, Bhullar GK, Rao NVS, et al. Effect of pH on the control of molecular orientation in monolayer of bent-core liquid crystal materials by Langmuir Blodgett method. Liq Cryst. 2014;42(1):8–17. doi:10.1080/02678292.2014.956352.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reisfeld R, Saraidarov T, Levchenko V. Formation and structural characterization of silver nanoparticles in ormosil sol–gel films. Opt Appl. 2008;38(1):83–92.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smetana AB, Klabunde KJ, Sorensen CM. Synthesis of spherical silver nanoparticles by digestive ripening, stabilization with various agents, and their 3-D and 2-D super lattice formation. Colloid Interface Sci. 2005;284(2):521–526. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2004.10.038.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park YI, Kim JH, Lee KT, et al. Nonblinking and nonbleaching upconverting nanoparticles as an optical imaging nanoprobe and T1 magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent. Adv Mater. 2009;21:4467–4471. doi:10.1002/adma.v21:44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klapetek P, Valtr M, Nečas D, et al. Atomic force microscopy analysis of nanoparticles in non-ideal conditions. Nanoscale Res Lett. 2011;6:514(1–9). doi:10.1186/1556-276X-6-514.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneid AC, Pereira MB, Horowitz F, et al. Silver nanoparticles thin films deposited on glass surface using an ionic silsesquioxane as stabilizer and as crosslinking agent. J Braz Chem Soc. 2015;26(5):1004–1012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee B-W, Link DR, Clark NA. Atomic force microscopy of freely suspended liquid crystal films transferred to octadecyltriethoxysilane self-assembled monolayers. Liq Cryst. 2000;27:501–507. doi:10.1080/026782900202697.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaur R, Bhullar GK, Raina KK. Behaviour of an ultrathin ferroelectric liquid crystal Langmuir Blodgett film at an air water and air solid interface. Liq Cryst. 2012;39:1375–1380. doi:10.1080/02678292.2012.717113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaur R, Raina KK. Effects of nano-particle doping on the phase transitional behaviour of ferroelectric liquid crystal Langmuir -Blodgett composite films. Phase Transit Multinat J. 2015;88(12):1213–1224. doi:10.1080/01411594.2015.1044900.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaur R, Raina KK. Influence of single-wall carbon nanotubes on Langmuir Blodgett films of ferroelectric liquid crystals as studied by atomic force microscopy. Liq Cryst. 2014;41:1065–1072. doi:10.1080/02678292.2014.899639.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goel P, Arora M. Mechanism of photoluminescence enhancement and quenching in Nd2O3 nanoparticles–ferroelectric liquid crystal nanocomposites. RSC Adv. 2015;5:14974–14981. doi:10.1039/C4RA14204G.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang S-Y, Peng -C-C, Tu L-W, et al. Enhancement of luminescence of nematic liquid crystals doped with silver nanoparticles. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2009;507:301–306. doi:10.1080/15421400903054071.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdullah A, Annapoorni S. Fluorescent silver nanoparticles via exploding wire technique. Pramana J Phys. 2005;65(5):815–819. doi:10.1007/BF02704080.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar