References
- Jokisaari J, NMR of noble gases dissolved in liquid crystals. In: Burnell EE, de Lange CA, editors. NMR of Ordered Liquids. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 2003. p. 109–135.
- Jokisaari J, Noble gas probes in NMR studies of liquid crystals. In: Dong RY, editor. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Liquid Crystals. Singapore: World Scientific; 2010. p. 59–116.
- Jokisaari J, Luckhurst GR, Timimi B, et al. Twist-bend nematic phase of the liquid crystal dimer CB7CB: orientational order and conical angle determined by 129Xe and 2H NMR spectroscopy. Liq Cryst. 2015;42:708–721.
- Jokisaari J, Diehl P, NMR study of the shielding of the 129Xe isotope of xenon gas dissolved in thermotropic liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 1990;7:739–748.
- Münster O, Jokisaari J, Diehl P. NMR determination of the 129Xe shielding anisotropy for xenon gas dissolved in liquid crystals. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 1992;206:179–186.
- Pyykkö P. Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Mol Phys. 2018;116:1328–1338.
- Kolb D, Johnson WR, Shorer P. Electric and magnetic susceptibilities and shielding factors for closed-shell atoms and ions of high nuclear charge. Phys Rev A. 1982;26:19–31.
- Sternheimer RM. Effect of atomic core on nuclear quadrupole coupling. Phys Rev. 1954;95:736–750.
- Ahola SK, Ingman P, Laatikainen R, et al. 21Ne and 131Xe NMR study of electric field gradients and multinuclear NMR study of the composition of a ferroelectric liquid crystal. J Chem Phys. 2018;149:234901.
- Lounila J, Münster O, Jokisaari J, et al. Temperature-dependence of nuclear shielding and quadrupole coupling of noble gases in liquid crystals. J Chem Phys. 1992;97:8977–8985.
- ZLI 1167 consists of 36% 4-n-propyl-trans,trans-bicyclohexyl-4’-carbonitrile, 34% 4-n- pentyl-trans,trans-bicyclohexyl-4’-carbonitrile, and 30% 4-n-heptyl-trans,trans-bicyclohexyl-4’-carbonitrile).
- Haller I. Thermodynamic and static properties of liquid crystals. Progr Solid State Chem. 1975;10:103–118.
- Buka A, de Jeu WH. Diamagnetism and orientational order of nematic liquid crystals. J Phys. 1982;43:361–367.
- FELIX-R&D is a mixture of three phenyl pyrimidines. For more details, see Ref. [9].
- Jokisaari JP, Kantola AM, Lounila JA, et al. Detection of phase biaxiality in liquid crystals by use of the quadrupole shift in 131Xe NMR spectra. Phys Rev Lett. 2011;106:017801.
- Abragam A. The principles of nuclear magnetism. Oxford: Oxford University; 1961.
- Electric field of ±15 Vμm−1was applied and the detection was made optically. Hoechst, Ferroelectric liquid crystal mixtures. Data sheet. June 1995.
- Jokisaari J, Zhu J. Xenon NMR of phase biaxiality in liquid crystals. Magn Reson Chem. 2014;52:556–559.
- Mahler RJ, James LW, Nuclear electric hexadecapole-phonon interaction, Proc. XIV Colloque Ampere, Sept. 6–11, 1966; Ljubljana.
- Mahler RJ. Nuclear hexadecapole interactions. Phys Rev. 1966;152:325–330.
- Doering EB, Waugh JS. Search for hexadecapole interaction in KTaO3 by 181Ta-NMR. J Chem Phys. 1986;85:1753–1756.
- Tracey AS, Radley K. Nuclear electric hexadecapole coupling in the caesium cation. Liq Cryst. 1989;6:319–323.