Star-shaped oligomers with truxenone centre and triphenylene branches: mesomorphism, optical and electronic properties

References

• Saez IM, Goodby JW. Supermolecular liquid crystals. J Mater Chem. 2005;15:26–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kato T, Mizoshita N, Kishimoto K. Functional liquid-crystalline assemblies: self-organized soft materials. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2006;45:38–68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar S. Triphenylene-based discotic liquid crystal dimers, oligomers and polymers. Liq Cryst. 2005;32:1089–1113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imrie CT, Henderson PA, Yeap G-Y. Liquid crystal oligomers: going beyond dimers. Liq Cryst. 2009;36:755–777.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao KQ, Bai XY, Xiao B, et al. Star-shaped triphenylene discotic liquid crystalline oligomers and their hydrogen-bonded supramolecular complexes with simple acids. J Mater Chem C. 2015;3:11735–11746.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodby JW, Collings PJ, Kato T, et al. Handbook of liquid crystals: fundamentals. Vol. 1. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH; 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Bertrand B, Guillon D. Liquid crystalline dendrimers and polypedes. Adv Polym Sci. 2006;201:45–155.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann M. Star mesogens (hekates)-tailor-made molecules for programming supramolecular functionality. Chem Eur J. 2009;15:3638–3651.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roth S, Lehmann M. Mesogenic origami-four-armed, star-shaped mesogens as precursors for functional liquid crystal materials. Liq Cryst. 2017;44:1830–1851.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obsiye A, Wohrle T, Haenle JC, et al. Dendrimeric triphenylbenzenes: helical versus zig-zag arrangement in columnar mesophases. Liq Cryst. 2018;45:164–172.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wohrle T, Taing H, Schilling C, et al. Phase behaviour of star-shaped binary mixtures of triphenylbenzenes, triphenylboroxines and triphenyltriazines. Liq Cryst. DOI:10.1080/02678292.2019.1614684.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olate FA, Parra ML, Vergara JM, et al. Star-shaped molecules as functional materials based on 1,3,5-benzenetriesters with pendant 1,3,4-thiadiazole groups: liquid crystals, optical, solvatofluorochromic and electrochemical properties. Liq Cryst. 2017;44:1173–1184.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng HY, Geng XT, Lin JR, et al. Novel fluorescent liquid crystals: synthesis, mesomorphism and fluorescence of triphenylene-Bodipy derivatives based on 1,3,5-triazine core. Liq Cryst. 2018;45:1470–1476.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann M, Gearba RI, Koch MHJ, et al. Semiflexible star-shaped mesogens as nonconventional columnar liquid crystals. Chem Mater. 2004;16:374–376.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pradhan B, Pathak SK, Gupta RK, et al. Star-shaped fluorescent liquid crystals derived from s-triazine and 1,3,4-oxadiazole moieties. J Mater Chem C. 2016;4:6117–6130.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann M, Jahr M, Grozema FC, et al. Columnar mesophases with 3d order from new functional nonconventional star-shaped mesogens. Adv Mater. 2008;20:4414–4418.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paraschiv I, Giesbers M, van Lagen B, et al. H-bond-stabilized triphenylene-based columnar discotic liquid crystals. Chem Mater. 2006;18:968–974.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beltrán E, Garzoni M, Feringán B, et al. Self-organization of star-shaped columnar liquid crystals with a coaxial nanophase segregation revealed by a combined experimental and simulation approach. Chem Commun. 2015;51(10):1811–1814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beltrán E, Serrano JL, Sierra T, et al. Functional star-shaped tris(triazolyl)triazines: columnar liquid crystal, fluorescent, solvatofluorochromic and electrochemical properties. J Mater Chem. 2012;22:7797–7805.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plesnivy T, Ringsdorf H, Schuhmacher P, et al. Star-like discotic liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 1995;18:185–190.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zelcer A, Donnio B, Bourgogne C, et al. Mesomorphism of hybrid siloxane-triphenylene star-shaped oligomers. Chem Mater. 2007;19:1992–2006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhi L, Wu J, Müllen K. Star-shaped hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene “heptamer”: synthesis and self-assembly. Org Lett. 2005;7(26):5761–5764.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boorum MM, Scott LT. The synthesis of tris-annulated benzenes by aldol trimerization of cyclic ketones. In: Astruc D, editor. Modern arene chemistry. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH; 2002. Chapter 1, p. 20–31.
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen CB, Voroshazi E, Holliday S, et al. Electron-deficient truxenone derivatives and their use in organic photovoltaics. J Mater Chem A. 2014;2:12348–12354.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Destrade C, Gasparoux H, Babeau A, et al. Truxene derivatives: a new family of disclike liquid crystals with an inverted nematic-columnar sequence. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 1981;67:37–48.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li LL, Hu P, Wang BQ, et al. Synthesis and mesomorphism of ether–ester mixed tail C3-symmetrical truxene discotic liquid crystals. Liq Cryst. 2010;37:499–506.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isoda K, Yasuda T, Kato T. Truxene-based columnar liquid crystals: self-assembled structures and electroactive properties. Chem Asian J. 2009;4:1619–1625.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao KQ, Chen C, Monobe H, et al. Three-chain truxene discotic liquid crystal showing high charged carrier mobility. Chem Commun. 2011;47:6290–6292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ni HL, Monobe H, Hu P, et al. Truxene discotic liquid crystals with two different ring substituents: synthesis, mesomorphism and high charged carrier mobility. Liq Cryst. 2013;40:411–420.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruan P, Xiao B, Ni HL, et al. The influence of alkyl chain substitution pattern on the two- and three-dimensional self-assembly of truxenone discogens. Liq Cryst. 2014;41:1152–1161.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duan XF, Wang JL, Pei J. Nanosized π-conjugated molecules based on truxene and porphyrin: synthesis and high fluorescence quantum yields. Org Lett. 2005;7:4071–4074.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang JL, Yan J, Tang ZM, et al. Gradient shape-persistent π-conjugated dendrimers for light-harvesting: synthesis, photophysical properties, and energy funneling. J Am Chem Soc. 2008;130:9952–9962.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang Y, Lu YX, Cui YX, et al. Synthesis of giant rigid π-conjugated dendrimers. Org Lett. 2007;9:4539–4542.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang JY, Yan J, Li Z, et al. Isomeric effect on microscale self-assembly: interplay between molecular property and solvent polarity in the formation of 1 d n-type microbelts. Chem Eur J. 2008;14:7760–7764.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie Y, Zhang X, Xiao Y, et al. Fusing three perylenebisimide branches and a truxene core into a star-shaped chromophore with strong two-photon excited fluorescence and high photostability. Chem Commun. 2012;48:4338–4340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang Z, Xu B, He J, et al. Solution-processable and thermal-stable triphenylamine-based dendrimers with truxene cores as hole-transporting materials for organic light-emitting devices. Org Electron. 2009;10:954–959.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• You CC, Saha-Möller CR, Würthner F. Synthesis and electropolymerization of novel oligothiophene-functionalized perylene bisimides. Chem Commun. 2004;2030–2031.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Würthner F, Chen Z, Hoeben FJM, et al. Supramolecular p−n-heterojunctions by co-self-organization of oligo(p-phenylene vinylene) and perylene bisimide dyes. J Am Chem Soc. 2004;126:10611–10618.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao KQ, An LL, Zhang XB, et al. Highly segregated lamello-columnar mesophase organizations and fast charge carrier mobility in new discotic donor-acceptor triads. Chem Eur J. 2015;21:10379–10390.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wöhrle T, Wurzbach I, Kirres J, et al. Discotic liquid crystals. Chem Rev. 2016;116:1139–1241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laschat S, Baro A, Steinke N, et al. Discotic liquid crystals: from tailor-made synthesis to plastic electronics. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2007;46:4832–4887.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gowda A, Jacob L, Joy N, et al. Novel phenazine fused triphenylene discotic liquid crystals: synthesis, characterisation, thermal, optical and nonlinear optical properties. New J Chem. 2018;42:19034–19042.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng C, Ding YH, Han XD, et al. Triphenylene 2, 3-dicarboxylic imides as luminescent liquid crystals: mesomorphism, optical and electronic properties. Dyes Pigm. 2017;139:87–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han XD, Tian XL, Yu WH, et al. Influence of peripheral alkyl chain length on the mesomorphic behaviours of hexasubstituted triphenylene 2,3-dicarboxylic esters. Liq Cryst. 2017;44:1727–1738.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ikeda M, Takeuchi M, Shinkai S. Unusual emission properties of a triphenylene-based organogel system. Chem Commun. 2003;1354–1355.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar