The four-dimensional symptom questionnaire (4DSQ): measuring distress and other mental health problems in a working population

References

• American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, DSM-IV. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
   Google Scholar
• Arbuckle JL Amos User's Guide Version 4.0, Smallwaters Corporation Chicago IL 1997
   Google Scholar
• Beck AT Rush AJ Shaw BF Emery G Cognitive Therapy of Depression, Guilford Press New York 1979
   Google Scholar
• Bedford , A . 1997 . On Clark-Watson's tripartite model of anxiety and depression . Psychological Reports , 80 : 125 – 126 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bentler , PM . 1990 . Comparative fit indices in structural equation models . Psychological Bulletin , 107 : 238 – 246 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beurskens , AJHM , Bültmann , U , Kant , IJ , Vercoulen , JHMM , Bleijenberg , G and Swaen , GMH . 2000 . Fatigue among working people: Validity of a questionnaire measure . Occupational and Environmental Medicine , 57 : 353 – 357 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , TA , Chorpita , BF , Korotitsch , W and Barlow , DH . 1997 . Psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) in clinical samples . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 35 : 79 – 89 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bültmann , U , Kant , IJ , Kasl , SV , Schröer , KAP , Swaen , GMH and Van den Brandt , PA . 2002 . Lifestyle factors as risk factors for fatigue and psychological distress in the working population: Prospective results from the Maastricht Cohort Study . Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine , 44 : 116 – 124 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark , LA and Watson , D . 1991 . Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: Psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 100 : 316 – 336 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke , DM and Smith , GC . 2000 . Somatisation: What is it? . Australian Family Physician , 29 : 109 – 113 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cudeck R Browne MW Alternative ways of assessing model fit Testing Structural Equation Models Bollen K. A., Scott Long J. (eds) Sage Newbury Park CA 1 9 1993
   Google Scholar
• Adversity, Stress and Psychopathology Dohrenwend B. P. (ed.) Oxford University Press New York 1998
   Google Scholar
• Dohrenwend , BP , Shrout , PE , Egri , G and Mendelsohn , FS . 1980 . Nonspecific psychological distress and other dimensions of psychopathology: Measures for use in the general population . Archives of General Psychiatry , 37 : 1229 – 1236 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foulds GA The Hierarchical Nature of Personal Illness, Academic Press London 1976
   Google Scholar
• Frank JD Persuasion and Healing, Johns Hopkins Press Baltimore MD 1973
   Google Scholar
• Goldberg D Huxley P Common Mental Disorders. A Bio-social Model, Routledge London 1992
   Google Scholar
• Goldberg D Williams P A User's Guide to the General Health Questionnaire, NFER-Nelson Windsor 1988
   Google Scholar
• Heath , I . 1999 . Commentary: There must be limits to the medicalisation of human distress . British Medical Journal , 318 : 439 – 440 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins , JE and Endler , NS . 1995 . Coping, life stress, and psychological and somatic distress . European Journal of Personality , 9 : 253 – 270 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoyle RH The structural equation modeling approach: Basic concepts and fundamental issues Structural Equation Modeling, Concepts, Issues, and Applications Hoyle R. H. (ed.) Sage Thousand Oaks CA 1 15 1995
   Google Scholar
• Jansen , NW , Kant , IJ and Van den Brandt , PA . 2002 . Need for recovery in the working population: Description and association with fatigue and psychological distress . International Journal of Behavioral Medicine , 9 : 322 – 340 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jöreskog KG Sörbom D Lisrel User Guide Version VI 4th edn Scientific Software International Mooresville IL 1986
   Google Scholar
• Karasek , R , Brisson , C , Kawakami , N , Houtman , I , Bongers , P and Amick , B . 1998 . The Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ): An instrument for internationally comparative assessments of psychosocial job characteristics . Journal of Occupational Health Psychology , 3 : 322 – 355 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Karasek , RA . 1979 . Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign . Administrative Science Quarterly , 24 : 285 – 309 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kates N Craven M Managing Mental Health Problems. A Practical Guide for Primary Care, Hogrefe & Huber Seattle WA 1998
   Google Scholar
• Katon , W , Lin , E , Von Korff , M , Russo , J , Lipscomb , P and Bush , T . 1991 . Somatization: A spectrum of severity . American Journal of Psychiatry , 148 : 34 – 40 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keogh , E and Reidy , J . 2000 . Exploring the factor structure of the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ) . Journal of Personality Assessment , 74 : 106 – 125 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazarus RS The stress and coping paradigm Competence and Coping during Adulthood Bond L. A., Rosen J. C. (eds) University Press of New England London 28 74 1980
   Google Scholar
• Lovibond , PF and Lovibond , SH . 1995 . The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 33 : 335 – 342 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh C Balla JR Hau KT An evaluation of incremental fit indices: A clarification of mathematical and empirical properties Advanced Structural Equation Modeling, Issues and Techniques Marcoulides G. A., Schumacker R. E. (eds) Lawrence Erlbaum Mahwah NJ 315 353 1996
   Google Scholar
• Maslach C Jackson SE MBI: Maslach Burnout Inventory; Manual Research Edition, Consulting Psychologists Press Palo Alto 1986
   Google Scholar
• Maslach , C , Schaufeli , WB and Leiter , MP . 2001 . Job burnout . Annual Review of Psychology , 52 : 397 – 422 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazure CM Druss BG A historical perspective on stress and psychiatric illness Does Stress Cause Psychiatric Illness? Mazure C. M. (ed.) American Psychiatric Press Washington, DC 1 41 1995
   Google Scholar
• Middleton , H and Shaw , I . 2000 . Distinguishing mental illness in primary care. We need to separate proper syndromes from generalised distress . British Medical Journal , 320 : 1420 – 1421 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nunnally JC Bernstein IH Psychometric Theory 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill New York 1994
   Google Scholar
• Pearlin , LI and Schooler , C . 1978 . The structure of coping . Journal of Health and Social Behavior , 19 : 2 – 21 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Penley , JA , Tomaka , J and Wiebe , JS . 2002 . The association of coping to physical and psychological health outcomes: A meta-analytic review . Journal of Behavioral Medicine , 25 : 551 – 603 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfeffer JM Waldron G Psychiatric Differential Diagnosis, Churchill Livingstone Edinburgh 1987
   Google Scholar
• Handbook of Occupational Health Psychology Quick J. C., Tetrick L. E. (eds) American Psychological Association Washington, DC 2002
   Google Scholar
• Rapport , LJ , Todd , RM , Lumley , MA and Fisicaro , SA . 1998 . The diagnostic meaning of ‘nervous breakdown’ among lay populations . Journal of Personality Assessment , 71 : 242 – 252 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roth , S and Cohen , LJ . 1986 . Approach, avoidance, and coping with stress . American Psychologist , 41 : 813 – 819 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaufeli WB Van Dierendonck D UBOS Utrechtse Burnout Schaal. Handleiding [UBOS Utrecht Burnout Scale, Manual], Swets Test Publishers Lisse 2000
   Google Scholar
• Schreurs PJG Van de Willige G Tellegen B Brosschot JF De Utrechtse Coping Lijst: UCL Handleiding [The Utrecht Coping List: UCL Manual], Swets & Zeitlinger Lisse 1988
   Google Scholar
• Simon , GE and Von Korff , M . 1991 . Somatization and psychiatric disorder in the NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area study . American Journal of Psychiatry , 148 : 1494 – 1500 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snaith , RP . 1987 . The concepts of mild depression . British Journal of Psychiatry , 150 : 387 – 393 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Streiner DL Norman GR Health Measurement Scales. A Practical Guide to their Development and Use 2nd ed. Oxford University Press Oxford 1995
   Google Scholar
• Surtees , PG and Wainwright , NWJ . 1999 . Surviving adversity: Event decay, vulnerability and the onset of anxiety and depressive disorder . European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience , 249 : 86 – 95 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terluin, B. (1994). Overspanning onderbouwd. Een onderzoek naar de diagnose surmenage in de huisartspraktijk [Nervous breakdown substantiated. A study of the general practitioner's diagnosis of surmenage]. Ph.D. thesis. Utrecht: DETAM.
   Google Scholar
• Terluin , B . 1996 . De Vierdimensionale Klachtenlijst (4DKL). Een vragenlijst voor het meten van distress, depressie, angst en somatisatie [The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ). A questionnaire to measure distress, depression, anxiety, and somatization] . Huisarts en Wetenschap , 39 : 538 – 547 .
   Google Scholar
• Terluin , B . 1998 . De Vierdimensionale Klachtenlijst (4DKL) in de huisartspraktijk [The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ) in general practice] . De Psycholoog , 33 : 18 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Terluin , B , Gill , K and Winnubst , JAM . 1992 . Hoe zien huisartsen surmenage? [General practitioners’ perception of ‘nervous breakdown’] . Huisarts en Wetenschap , 35 : 311 – 315 .
   Google Scholar
• Van der Klink , JJL , Blonk , RWB , Schene , AH and Van Dijk , FJH . 2003 . Reducing long-term sickness absence by an activating intervention in adjustment disorders: A cluster randomised controlled design . Occupational and Environmental Medicine , 60 : 429 – 437 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verhaak PFM Mental Disorder in the Community and in General Practice. Doctor's Views and Patients’ Demands, Avebury Aldershot 1995
   Google Scholar
• Watson , D , Clark , LA , Weber , K , Assenheimer , JS , Strauss , ME and McCormick , RA . 1995 . Testing a tripartite model: II. Exploring the symptom structure of anxiety and depression in student, adult, and patient samples . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 104 : 15 – 25 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders. Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines, World Health Organization Geneva 1992
   Google Scholar