Social support and Black mothers’ bereavement experience of losing a child to gun homicide

References

• Amick-McMullan A, Kilpatrick DG, Resnick HS (1991). Homicide as a risk factor for PTSD among surviving family members. Behavior Modification 15(4) 545–559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armour MP (2002). Experiences of covictims of homicide implications for research and practice. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 3(2) 109–124.
   Google Scholar
• Armour MP (2003). Meaning making in the aftermath of homicide. Death Studies 27 519–540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailey A, Clarke J, Salami B (2015). Race-based stigma as a determinant of access and support in Black mothers’ experience of loss to gun violence. In S Pashang & S Gruner (eds) Roots and routes of displacement and trauma: from analysis to advocacy & policy to practice. Rock’ Mills Press, Oakville, Ontario, Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Bailey A, Hannays-King C, Clarke J et al (2013). Black mothers’ cognitive process of finding meaning and building resilience after loss of a child to gun violence. British Journal of Social Work 43(2) 336–356.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailey A, Sharma M, Jubin M (2013). The mediating role of social support, cognitive appraisal, and quality health care in Black mothers’ stress-resilience process following loss to gun violence. Violence and Victims 28(2) 233–247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailey A, Velasco D (2014). Gun violence in Canada. In C Buchanan (ed) Gun violence, disability and recovery. Freshwater, NSW, Australia: Surviving Gun Violence Project.
   Google Scholar
• Bonanno GA, Kaltman S (1999). Toward an integrative perspective on bereavement. Psychological Bulletin 125 (6) 760–776.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyce J, Cotter A (2012). Homicide in Canada, 2012. Juristat, 5. Available from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2013001/article/11882-eng.pdf. [accessed 25 February 2015].
   Google Scholar
• Blakley TL, Mehr N (2008). Common ground: the development of a support group for survivors of homicide loss in a rural community. Social Work with Groups 31(3-4) 239–254.
   Google Scholar
• Braun ML, Berg DH (1994). Meaning reconstruction in the experience of bereavement. Death Studies 18 105–129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchanan C (2014). Gun violence, disability and recovery. Freshwater, NSW, Australia: Surviving Gun Violence Project.
   Google Scholar
• Burke LA, Neimeyer RA, McDevitt-Murphy ME et al (2011). Faith in the wake of homicide: religious coping and bereavement distress in an African American sample. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion 21(4) 289–307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke LA, Neimeyer RA, McDevitt-Murphy ME (2010). African American homicide bereavement: aspects of social support that predict complicated grief, PTSD, and depression. Omega: Journal of Death and Dying 61(1)1–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charmaz K (2006). Constructing grounded theory: a practical guide through qualitative analysis. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Dyregrov K (2003). The loss of a child by suicide, SIDS, and accident: consequences, needs and provisions of help. PhD dissertation, University of Bergen, Norway.
   Google Scholar
• Glaser BG, Strauss AL (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research. Chicago: Adline.
   Google Scholar
• Keesee NJ, Currier JM, Neimeyer RA (2008). Predictors of grief following the death of one's child: the contribution of finding meaning. Journal of Clinical Psychology 64(10) 1145–1163.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurie A, Neimeyer RA (2008). African Americans in bereavement: grief as a function of ethnicity. OMEGA: Journal of Death and Dying 57(2) 173–193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawson E (2013). Disenfranchised grief and social inequality: bereaved African Canadians and oppositional narratives about the violent deaths of friends and family members. Ethnic and Racial Studies 1–18.
   Google Scholar
• Lohan JA, Murphy SA (2002). Family functioning and family typology after an adolescent or young adult's sudden violent death. Journal of Family Nursing 8(1) 32–49.
   Google Scholar
• Masters R, Friedman LN, Getzel G (1988). Helping families of homicide victims: a multidimensional approach. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1(1) 109–125.
   Google Scholar
• Mastrocinque JM, Metzger JW, Madeira J et al (2014). I'm still left here with the pain: exploring the health consequences of homicide on families and friends. Homicide Studies 1–24.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDevitt-Murphy M, Neimeyer RA, Burke LA et al (2012). The toll of traumatic loss in African Americans bereaved by homicide. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy 4(3) 303–311
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller L (2009). Family survivors of homicide: symptoms, syndromes, and reaction patterns. The American Journal of Family Therapy 37(1) 67–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy SA (2006). Evidence-based interventions for parents following their children's violent deaths. In EK Rynearson (eds). Violent death: resilience and intervention beyond the crisis. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Murphy SA, Johnson LC, Weber NA (2002). Coping strategies following a child's violent death: how parents differ in their responses. Omega: Journal of Death and Dying 45(2) 99–118.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy SA, Johnson LC, Lohan J (2003). Finding meaning in a child's violent death: a five-year prospective analysis of parents’ personal narratives and empirical data. Death Studies 27(5) 381–404.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkes CM, Weiss RS (1983). Recovery from bereavement. University of Michigan, USA: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Peach MR, Klass D (1987). Special issues in the grief of parents of murdered children. Death Studies (11) 81–88.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips J (1997). Variation in African-American homicide rates: an assessment of potential explanations. Criminology 35(4) 527–556.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratele K (2010). Young black males at risk of homicidal violence. South Africa Crime Quarterly 33 19–24.
   Google Scholar
• Riches G, Dawson P (2000). An intimate loneliness: supporting bereaved parents and siblings. Buckingham, UK: University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rosenblatt PC (2001). A social constructionist perspective on cultural differences in grief. In M Stroebe, RO Hanson, W Stroebe & H Schut (eds). Handbook of bereavement research: consequences, coping and care. Washington DC: American Psychological Association Press, 89–118.
   Google Scholar
• Rubin S, Babbie E (2001). Research methods for social work (4th ed). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thompson Learning.
   Google Scholar
• Sharpe TL (2008). Sources of support for African-American family members of homicide victims. Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work 17(2) 197–216.
   Google Scholar
• Sharpe TL (2013). Understanding the sociocultural context of coping for African American family members of homicide victims: a conceptual model. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse 1–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharpe TL, Boyas J (2011). We fall down: the African American experience of coping with the homicide of a loved one. Journal of Black Studies 42(6) 855–873.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strauss A, Corbin J (1990). Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedures and techniques. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Stroebe W, Schut H, Stroebe MS (2005). Grief work, disclosure and counseling: Do they help the bereaved? Clinical Psychology Review 25(4) 395–414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, SE (2007). Social support. In HS Friedman and RC Silver (eds), Foundations of Health Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press, 145–171.
   Google Scholar
• Ungar M, Brown M, Liebenberg L, Othman R, Kwong WM, Armstrong M, Gilgun J (2006). Unique pathways to resilience across cultures. Adolescence 42(166) 287–310.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worden JW (2002). Grief counseling and grief therapy: a handbook for the mental health practitioner. New York: Springer Publishing Company.
   Google Scholar
• Wickie KS, Marwit SJ (2000-01). Assumptive world views and the grief reactions of parents of murdered children. Omega: Journal of Death and Dying 42 (2) 101–113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO (2014). Global status report on violence prevention 2014. Available at: http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/status_report/2014 [accessed 20 February 2015].
   Google Scholar
• Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, et al (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment 52(1) 30–41.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar