The effects of direct and indirect speech on discourse comprehension in Dutch listeners with and without aphasia

REFERENCES

• Akaike, H. (1974). A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 19, 716–723. doi:10.1109/TAC.1974.1100705
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baayen, R. H. (2008). Analyzing linguistic data. A practical introduction to statistics using R. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baayen, R. H., Davidson, D. J., & Bates, D. M. (2008). Mixed-effects modeling with crossed random effects for subjects and items. Journal of Memory and Language, 59, 390–412. doi:10.1016/j.jml.2007.12.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastiaanse, R. (2011). The retrieval and inflection of verbs in the spontaneous speech of fluent aphasic speakers. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 24, 163–172. doi:10.1016/j.jneuroling.2010.02.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastiaanse, R., Hugen, J., Kos, M., & van Zonneveld, R. (2002). Lexical, morphological, and syntactic aspects of verb production in agrammatic aphasics. Brain and Language, 80, 142–159. doi:10.1006/brln.2001.2585
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastiaanse, R., & van Zonneveld, R. (2006). Comprehension of passives in Broca’s aphasia. Brain and Language, 96, 135–142. doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2005.06.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biber, D., Johansson, S., Leech, G., Conrad, S., & Finegan, E. (1999). Longman grammar of spoken and written English. Harlow: Pearson Education.
   Google Scholar
• Brookshire, R. H. (1978). Auditory comprehension in aphasia. In D. F. Johns (Ed.), Clinical management of neurogenic communication disorders. Boston, MA: Little, Brown.
   Google Scholar
• Brookshire, R. H., & Nicholas, L. E. (1984). Comprehension of directly and indirectly stated main ideas and details in discourse by brain-damaged and non-brain-damaged listeners. Brain and Language, 21, 21–36. doi:10.1016/0093-934X(84)90033-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brookshire, R. H., & Nicholas, L. E. (1993). The discourse comprehension test. Tucson, AZ: Communication Skill Builders, A Division of the Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Burchert, F., Hanne, S., & Vasishth, S. (2013). Sentence comprehension disorders in aphasia: The concept of chance performance revisited. Aphasiology, 27, 112–125. doi:10.1080/02687038.2012.730603
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caplan, D. (1992). Language: Structure, processing, and disorders. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Chafe, W. (1992). Discourse: An overview. In W. Bright (Ed.), International encyclopedia of linguistics (pp. 356–358). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Chapman, S. B., & Ulatowska, H. K. (1992). The nature of language disruption in dementia: Is it aphasia? Texas Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology, 17, 3–9.
   Google Scholar
• Clark, H., & Gerrig, R. (1990). Quotations as demonstrations. Language, 66, 764–805. doi:10.2307/414729
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Couper-Kuhlen, E. (1998). Coherent voicing: On prosody in conversational reported speech. In W. Bublitz & U. Lenk (Eds.), Coherence in spoken and written discourse: How to create it and how to describe it (pp. 11–32). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
   Google Scholar
• Den Dikken, M. (1996). The minimal links of verb (projection) raising. In W. Abraham, S. Epstein, H. Thráinsson, & J. W. Zwart (Eds.), Minimal ideas (pp. 67–96). Amsterdam: John Benjanims.
   Google Scholar
• Eerland, A., Engelen, J. A. A., & Zwaan, R. A. (2013). The influence of direct and indirect speech on mental representations. PLoS One, 8, e65480. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065480
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferstl, E. C., Walther, K., Guthke, T., & Von Cramon, D. Y. (2005). Assessment of story comprehension deficits after brain damage. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 27, 367–384. doi:10.1080/13803390490515784
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flesch, R. (1948). A new readability yardstick. Journal of Applied Psychology, 32, 221–233. doi:10.1037/h0057532
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Germani, M. J., & Pierce, R. S. (1992). Contextual influences in reading comprehension in aphasia. Brain and Language, 42, 308–319. doi:10.1016/0093-934X(92)90103-L
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glosser, G., & Deser, T. (1991). Patterns of discourse production among neurological patients with fluent language disorders. Brain and Language, 40, 67–88. doi:10.1016/0093-934X(91)90117-J
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodglass, H., Berko-Gleason, J. B., & Hyde, M. R. (1970). Some dimensions of auditory language comprehension in aphasia. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 13, 584–594.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goodwin, M. H. (1990). He-said-she-said: Talk as social organisation among black children. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Graesser, A. C., Singer, M., & Trabasso, T. (1994). Constructing inferences during narrative text comprehension. Psychological Review, 101, 371–395. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.101.3.371
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graetz, P., De Bleser, R., Willmes, K., & Heeschen, C. (1992). De Akense Afasie Test: Constructie van de Nederlandstalige versie van de AAT. Logopedie en Foniatrie, 63, 58–65.
   Google Scholar
• Groenewold, R., Bastiaanse, R., & Huiskes, M. (2013). Direct speech constructions in aphasic Dutch narratives. Aphasiology, 27, 546–567. doi:10.1080/02687038.2012.742484
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Groenewold, R., Bastiaanse, R., Nickels, L., & Huiskes, M. (2014). Perceived liveliness and speech comprehensibility in aphasia: The effects of direct speech in auditory narratives. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders. Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/1460-6984.12080
   Google Scholar
• Guthke, T., Hauptmann, A., & Ferstl, E. C. (2001). Empirische Untersuchung zur Textverarbeitung bei hirngeschädigten Patienten [Empirical studies on text comprehension after brain damage]. Aphasie und Verwandte Gebiete, 15, 29–41.
   Google Scholar
• Hengst, J. A., Frame, S. R., Neuman-Stritzel, T., & Gannaway, R. (2005). Using others’ words: Conversational use of reported speech by individuals with aphasia and their communication partners. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 48, 137–156. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2005/011)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hincks, R. (2005). Measures and perceptions of liveliness in student oral presentation speech: A proposal for an automatic feedback mechanism. System, 33, 575–591. doi:10.1016/j.system.2005.04.002
   Google Scholar
• Holt, E. (1996). Reporting on talk: The use of direct reported speech in conversation. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 29, 219–245. doi:10.1207/s15327973rlsi2903_2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holt, E. (2000). Reporting and reacting: Concurrent responses to reported speech. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 33, 425–454. doi:10.1207/S15327973RLSI3304_04
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huber, W. (1990). Text comprehension and production in aphasia: Analysis in terms of micro- and macrostructure. In Y. Joanette & H. H. Brownell (Eds.), Discourse ability and brain damage: Theoretical and empirical perspectives (pp. 154–179). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Jonkers, R., & Bastiaanse, R. (2007). Action naming in anomic aphasic speakers: Effects of instrumentality and name relation. Brain and Language, 102, 262–272. doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2007.01.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kempler, D. (2004). Neurocognitive disorders in aging. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Koster, J. (1975). Dutch as an SOV language. Linguistic Analysis, 1, 111–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koster, J. (1994). Predicate incorporation and the word order of Dutch. In G. Cinque, J. Koster, J.-Y. Pollock, L. Rizzi, & R. Zanuttini (Eds.), Paths towards universal grammar. Studies in honor of Richard Kayne (pp. 255–277). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Labov, W. (1972). Language in the city: Studies in the Black English vernacular. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lehrer, A. (1989). Remembering and representing prose: Quoted speech as a data source. Discourse Processes, 12, 105–125. doi:10.1080/01638538909544721
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levy, J., Hoover, E., Waters, G., Kiran, S., Caplan, D., Berardino, A., & Sandberg, C. (2012). Effects of syntactic complexity, semantic reversibility, and explicitness on discourse comprehension in persons with aphasia and in healthy controls. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 21, S154–S165. doi:10.1044/1058-0360(2012/11-0104)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, C. N. (1986). Direct speech and indirect speech: A functional study. In F. Coulmas (Ed.), Direct and indirect speech. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Lind, M. (2002). The use of prosody in interaction: Observations from a case study of a Norwegian speaker with a non-fluent type of aphasia. In F. Windsor, M. L. Kelly, & N. Hewlett (Eds.), Investigations in clinical phonetics and linguistics (pp. 373–389). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Llinàs-Grau, M., & Martínez-Ferreiro, S. (2014). On the presence and absence of that in aphasia. Aphasiology, 28, 62–81. doi:10.1080/02687038.2013.828345
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macaulay, R. (1987). Polyphonic monologues: Quoted direct speech in oral narratives. IPRA Papers in Pragmatics, 1, 1–34.
   Google Scholar
• Mason-Baughman, M. B., & Wallace, S. E. (2013). Semantic feature knowledge in persons with aphasia: The role of commonality, distinctiveness, and importance. Aphasiology, 27, 364–380. doi:10.1080/02687038.2012.730602
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayes, P. (1990). Quotation in spoken English. Studies in Language, 14, 325–363. doi:10.1075/sl.14.2.04may
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholas, L. E., & Brookshire, R. H. (1995). Comprehension of spoken narrative discourse by adults with aphasia, right-hemisphere brain damage, or traumatic brain injury. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 4, 69–81.
   Google Scholar
• Pashek, G. V. (1977). The effects of linguistic stress on language comprehension performance of aphasic patients (Unpublished thesis). University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
   Google Scholar
• Pashek, G. V., & Brookshire, R. H. (1982). Effects of rate of speech and linguistic stress on auditory paragraph comprehension of aphasic individuals. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 25, 377–383.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pierce, R., & Grogan, S. (1992). Improving listening comprehension for narratives. In R. Peach (Ed.), Clinics in communication disorders: Aphasia. Reading, MA: Andover Medical.
   Google Scholar
• Romaine, S., & Lange, D. (1991). The use of like as a marker of reported speech and thought: A case of grammaticalization in progress. American Speech, 66, 227–279. doi:10.2307/455799
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scaglione, A. (1981). The theory of German word order from the renaissance to the present. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Schuell, H., Jenkins, J., & Jimenez-Pabon, E. (1965). Aphasia in adults. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
   Google Scholar
• Singer, M. (1994). Discourse inference processes. In M. A. Gernsbacher (Ed.), Handbook of psycholinguistics (pp. 479–515). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Streeck, J., & Knapp, M. L. (1992). The interaction of visual and verbal features in human communication. In F. Potayos (Ed.), Advance in non-verbal communication: Sociocultural, clinical, esthetic and literary perspectives. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
   Google Scholar
• Tannen, D. (1989). Talking voices: Repetition, dialogue, and imagery in conversational discourse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ulatowska, H. K. (1981). Neurolinguistic approaches to aphasia. Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing, 2, 269–281. doi:10.1055/s-0028-1095022
   Google Scholar
• Ulatowska, H. K., & Chapman, S. B. (1994). Macrostructure in aphasia. In R. L. Bloom, L. K. Obler, S. De Santi, & J. S. Ehrlich (Eds.), Discourse analysis and applications: Studies in adult clinical populations (pp. 29–46). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Ulatowska, H. K., & Olness, G. S. (2003). On the nature of direct speech in narrative of African Americans with aphasia. Brain and Language, 87, 69–70. doi:10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00202-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ulatowska, H. K., Reyes, B. A., Santos, T. O., & Worle, C. (2011). Stroke narratives in aphasia: The role of reported speech. Aphasiology, 25, 93–105. doi:10.1080/02687031003714418
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ulatowska, H. K., & Sadowska, M. (1992). Some observations on aphasic texts. In S. J. Hwang & W. R. Merrifield (Eds.), Language in context: Essays for Robert E. Longacre (pp. 51–66). Arlington: The Summer institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington.
   Google Scholar
• Wegner, M. L., Brookshire, R. H., & Nicholas, L. E. (1984). Comprehension of main ideas and details in coherent and noncoherent discourse by aphasic and nonaphasic listeners. Brain and Language, 21, 37–51. doi:10.1016/0093-934X(84)90034-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierzbicka, A. (1974). The semantics of direct and indirect discourse. Paper in Linguistics, 7, 267–307. doi:10.1080/08351817409370375
   Google Scholar
• Wilkinson, R., Beeke, S., & Maxim, J. (2010). Formulating actions and events with limited linguistic resources: Enactment and iconicity in agrammatic aphasic talk. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 43, 57–84. doi:10.1080/08351810903471506
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao, B., Belin, P., & Scheepers, C. (2011). Silent reading of direct versus indirect speech activates voice-selective areas in the auditory cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23, 3146–3152. doi:10.1162/jocn_a_00022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao, B., Belin, P., & Scheepers, C. (2012). Brain “talks over” boring quotes: Top-down activation of voice-selective areas while listening to monotonous direct speech quotations. NeuroImage, 60, 1832–1842. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.01.111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao, B., & Scheepers, C. (2011). Contextual modulation of reading rate for direct versus indirect speech quotations. Cognition, 121, 447–453. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2011.08.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yarbay Duman, T., Altınok, N., Özgirgin, N., & Bastiaanse, R. (2011). Sentence comprehension in Turkish Broca’s aphasia: An integration problem. Aphasiology, 25, 908–926. doi:10.1080/02687038.2010.550629
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zwart, C. J. W. (1994). Dutch is head-initial. The Linguistic Review, 11, 377–406. doi:10.1515/tlir.1994.11.3-4.377
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zwart, C. J. W. (1997). Morphosyntax of verb movement: A minimalist approach to the syntax of Dutch. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.
   Google Scholar