Effect of deep brain stimulation on freezing of gait in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

References

• Perez-Lloret S, Negre-Pages L, Damier P, et al. Prevalence, determinants, and effect on quality of life of freezing of gait in Parkinson disease. JAMA Neurol 2014;71:884–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Latt MD, Lord SR, Morris JG, Fung VS. Clinical and physiological assessments for elucidating falls risk in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2009;24:1280–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang C, Chu H, Zhang Y, Wang X. Deep brain stimulation to alleviate freezing of gait and cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: update on current research and future perspectives. Front Neurosci 2018;12:29.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nutt JG, Bloem BR, Giladi N, Hallett M, Horak FB, Nieuwboer A. Freezing of gait: moving forward on a mysterious clinical phenomenon. Lancet Neurol 2011;10:734–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giladi N, McDermott M, Fahn S, et al. Freezing of gait in PD: prospective assessment in the DATATOP cohort. Neurology 2001;56:1712–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forsaa E, Larsen J, Wentzel-Larsen T, Alves G. A 12-year population-based study of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2015;21:254–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore O, Peretz C, Giladi N. Freezing of gait affects quality of life of peoples with Parkinson's disease beyond its relationships with mobility and gait. Mov Disord 2007;22:2192–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Espay A, Fasano A, Van Nuenen B, Payne M, Snijders A, Bloem B. “On” state freezing of gait in Parkinson disease: a paradoxical levodopa-induced complication. Neurology 2012;78:454–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deuschl G, Agid Y. Subthalamic neurostimulation for Parkinson's disease with early fluctuations: balancing the risks and benefits. Lancet Neurol 2013;12:1025–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hickey P, Stacy M. Deep brain stimulation: a paradigm shifting approach to treat Parkinson's disease. Front Neurosci 2016;10:173.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chenji G, Wright ML, Chou KL, Seidler RD, Patil PG. Parkinsonian gait improves with bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation during cognitive multi-tasking. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2017;38:72–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie T, Padmanaban M, Bloom L, et al. Effect of low versus high frequency stimulation on freezing of gait and other axial symptoms in Parkinson patients with bilateral STN DBS: a mini-review. Transl Neurodegener 2017;6:13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stefani A, Lozano AM, Peppe A, et al. Bilateral deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine and subthalamic nuclei in severe Parkinson's disease. Brain 2007;130:1596–607.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valldeoriola F, Muñoz E, Rumià J, et al. Simultaneous low-frequency deep brain stimulation of the substantia nigra pars reticulata and high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus to treat levodopa unresponsive freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019;60:153–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vercruysse S, Vandenberghe W, Münks L, Nuttin B, Devos H, Nieuwboer A. Effects of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: a prospective controlled study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2014;85:871–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleury V, Pollak P, Gere J, et al. Subthalamic stimulation may inhibit the beneficial effects of levodopa on akinesia and gait. Mov Disord 2016;31:1389–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tisch S, Zrinzo L, Limousin P, et al. Effect of electrode contact location on clinical efficacy of pallidal deep brain stimulation in primary generalised dystonia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2007;78:1314–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amtage F, Feuerstein TJ, Meier S, Prokop T, Piroth T, Pinsker MO. Hypokinesia upon pallidal deep brain stimulation of dystonia: support of a GABAergic mechanism. Front Neurol 2013;4:198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charles P, Van Blercom N, Krack P, et al. Predictors of effective bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation for PD. Neurology 2002;59:932–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlenstedt C, Shalash A, Muthuraman M, Falk D, Witt K, Deuschl G. Effect of high‐frequency subthalamic neurostimulation on gait and freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Eur J Neurol 2017;24:18–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev 2015;4:1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA, editors. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 6.2. Cochrane; 2021 [updated 2021 Feb]. Available from: www.training.cochrane.org/handbook
   Google Scholar
• Review Manager. (RevMan) [Computer program]. Version 5.4. The Cochrane Collaboration; 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Xie T, Bloom L, Padmanaban M, et al. Long-term effect of low frequency stimulation of STN on dysphagia, freezing of gait and other motor symptoms in PD. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018;89:989–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss D, Walach M, Meisner C, et al. Nigral stimulation for resistant axial motor impairment in Parkinson's disease? A randomized controlled trial. Brain 2013;136:2098–108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nosko D, Ferraye MU, Fraix V, et al. Low-frequency versus high-frequency stimulation of the pedunculopontine nucleus area in Parkinson's disease: a randomised controlled trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2015;86:674–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moro E, Hamani C, Poon YY, et al. Unilateral pedunculopontine stimulation improves falls in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2010;133:215–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varriale P, Collomb-Clerc A, Van Hamme A, et al. Decreasing subthalamic deep brain stimulation frequency reverses cognitive interference during gait initiation in Parkinson's disease. Clin Neurophysiol 2018;129:2482–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thevathasan W, Cole MH, Graepel CL, et al. A spatiotemporal analysis of gait freezing and the impact of pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation. Brain 2012;135:1446–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welter ML, Demain A, Ewenczyk C, et al. PPNa-DBS for gait and balance disorders in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomised study. J Neurol 2015;262:1515–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meoni S, Debȗ B, Pelissier P, et al. Asymmetric STN DBS for FOG in Parkinson's disease: a pilot trial. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019;63:94–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heilbronn M, Scholten M, Schlenstedt C, et al. Anticipatory postural adjustments are modulated by substantia nigra stimulation in people with Parkinson's disease and freezing of gait. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019;66:34–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreau C, Defebvre L, Destée A, et al. STN-DBS frequency effects on freezing of gait in advanced Parkinson disease. Neurology 2008;71:80–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mestre TA, Sidiropoulos C, Hamani C, et al. Long-term double-blinded unilateral pedunculopontine area stimulation in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2016;31:1570–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phibbs FT, Arbogast PG, Davis TL. 60-Hz frequency effect on gait in Parkinson's disease with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation. Neuromodulation 2014;17:717–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferraye MU, Debû B, Fraix V, et al. Effects of pedunculopontine nucleus area stimulation on gait disorders in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2010;133:205–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar