204
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

From Operational to Aspirational? Business Improvement Areas (BIAs) in Mid-Sized Cities

References

  • Bell, D., & Jayne, M. (2009) Small cities? Towards a research agenda, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 33(3), pp. 683–699. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2427.2009.00886.x
  • Bourne, L., & Walks, A. (2010) Conclusion: Challenges and opportunities in the twenty-first century city, in: T. Bunting, P. Filion, & R. Walker (Eds) Canadian Cities in Transition, 4th ed., pp. 428–445 (Toronto: Oxford University Press).
  • Bradshaw, T., & Blakely, E. (1999) What are “third-wave” state economic development efforts? From incentives to industrial policy, Economic Development Quarterly, 13(3), pp. 229–244. doi:10.1177/089124249901300303
  • Bramwell, A. (2012) Networks are not enough. But they do matter: Urban governance and workforce development in three Ontario cities, Urban Affairs Review, 48(3), pp. 295–321. doi:10.1177/1078087411428051
  • Bramwell, A., & Pierre, J. (2017) New community spaces: Regional governance in the public interest in the greater Toronto area new community spaces: Network governance and the “ new ” regionalism, Urban Affairs Review, 53(3), pp. 603–627. doi:10.1177/1078087416637125
  • Briffault, R. (1999) A government for our time? Business improvement districts and urban governance, Columbia Law Review, 99(2), pp. 365+. doi:10.1525/sp.2007.54.1.23
  • Bunting, T., & Filion, P. (1999) Dispersed city form in Canada: A kitchener CMA case example, Canadian Geographer, 43(3), pp. 268–287. doi:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1999.tb01385.x
  • Bunting, T., Filion, P., Hoernig, H., Seasons, M., & Lederer, J. (2007) Density, size, dispersion: Towards understanding the structural dynamics of mid-size cities, Canadian Journal of Urban Research, 16(2), pp. 27–52.
  • Burayidi, M. (2001) An assessment of downtown revitalization in five small wisconsin communities, in: M. Burayidi (Ed) Downtowns: Revitalizing the Centers of Small Urban Communities, pp. 47–63 (New York: Routledge).
  • Burayidi, M. (2013) Resilient Downtowns: A New Approach to Revitalizing Small and Medium City Downtowns, 1st ed. (New York: Routledge).
  • Burayidi, M. (2015) Downtowns: 10 strategies to ensure their resilience and vitality, Public Management, 97(3), pp. 6–9.
  • Donald, B., & Hall, H. (2010) Slow growth and decline in Canadian cities, in: T. Bunting, P. Filion, & R. Walker (Eds) Canadian Cities in Transition, 4th ed., pp. 276–292 (Toronto: Oxford University Press).
  • Filion, P. (2007) The Urban Growth Centres Strategy in the Greater Golden Horseshoe: Lessons from Downtowns, Nodes, and Cooridors. (Toronto). Available at http://www.neptis.org/sites/default/files/nodes_and_corridors/filion_electronic_report_20070528.pdf
  • Filion, P. (2009) The mixed success of nodes as a smart growth planning policy, Environment and Planning: Planning and Design, 36(3), pp. 505–521. doi:10.1068/b33145
  • Filion, P., & Bunting, T. (2015) Fundamentals of cities, in: P. Filion, M. Moos, T. Vinodrai, & R. Walker (Eds) Canadian Cities in Transition, 5th ed., pp. 3–16 (Toronto: Oxford University Press).
  • Filion, P., & Hammond, K. (2008) When planning fails: Downtown malls in mid-size cities, Canadian Journal of Urban Research, 17(2), pp. 1–27.
  • Filion, P., Hoernig, H., Bunting, T., & Sands, G. (2004) The successful few: Healthy downtowns of small metropolitan regions, Journal of the American Planning Association, 70(3), pp. 328–343. doi:10.1080/01944360408976382
  • Florida, R. (2002) The Rise of the Creative Class: How It’s Transforming Work, Leisure, Community and Everyday Life. (New York: Basic Books).
  • Florida, R. (2003) Cities and the creative class, City & Community, 2(March), pp. 3–19. doi:10.1177/0739456X9901900202
  • Gertler, M. (2003) Smart Growth and the Regional Economy. (Toronto: The Neptis Foundation).
  • Gomez, R., Isakov, A., & Semansky, M. (2015) Small Business and the City: The Transformative Potential of Small-Scale Entrepreneurship. (Toronto: University of Toronto Press).
  • Gopal-Agge, D., & Hoyt, L. (2008) The BID model in Canada and the United States: The retail-revitalization nexus, in: G. Morcol, L. Hoyt, J. Meek, & U. Zimmerman (Eds) Business Improvement Districts: Research, Theories, and Controversies, pp. 139–160 (Boca Raton: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group).
  • Gratz, R. (1989) The Living City. (New York: Simon and Schuster).
  • Hall, H., & Hall, P. (2008) Decline and no growth: The Canadian urban system, Canadian Journal of Regional Science, 31(1), pp. 1–18.
  • Hernandez, T., & Jones, K. (2005) Downtowns in transition: Emerging business improvement area strategies, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 33(11), pp. 789–805. doi:10.1108/09590550510629392
  • Hernandez, T., & Jones, K. (2008) No the strategic evolution of the BID model in Canada, in: G. Morcol, L. Hoyt, J. Meek, & U. Zimmerman (Eds) Business Improvement Districts: Research, Theories, and Controversies, pp. 401–421 (Boca Raton: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group).
  • Hernandez, T., & Simmons, J. (2006) Evolving retail landscapes: Power retail in Canada, Canadian Geographer, 50(4), pp. 465–486. doi:10.1111/j.1541-0064.2006.00158.x
  • Houstoun, L. (2003) Business Improvement Districts, 2nd ed. (Washington D.C.: ULI-the Urban Land Institute).
  • Jamal, A. (2015) Are downtowns back? Municipal World, 125(9), pp. 19–21.
  • Leigh, N., & Blakely, E. (2017) Planning Local Economic Development: Theory and Practice, 6th ed. (Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications Ltd).
  • Lewis, N. (2010) Grappling with governance: The emergence of business improvement districts in a national capital, Urban Affairs Review, 46(2), pp. 180–217. doi:10.1177/1078087410378844
  • Lewis, N., & Donald, B. (2010) A new rubric for “creative city” potential in Canada’s smaller cities, Urban Studies, 47(1), pp. 29–54. doi:10.1177/0042098009346867
  • Mitchell, J. (2001) Business improvement districts and the “new” revitalization of downtown, Economic Development Quarterly, 15(2), pp. 115–123. doi:10.1177/02750740122064929
  • Momani, B., & Khirfan, L. (2013) Explaining the use of planning consultants in Ontario cities, Canadian Public Administration, 56(3), pp. 391–413. doi:10.1111/capa.2013.56.issue-3
  • Morcol, G., Hoyt, L., Meek, J., & Zimmerman, U. (2008) Business improvement districts: Research, theories, and controversies, in: G. Morcol, L. Hoyt, J. Meek, & U. Zimmermann (Eds) Business Improvement Districts: Research, Theories, and Controversies, pp. 1–23 (Boca Raton: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group).
  • Morçöl, G., & Wolf, J. (2010) Understanding business improvement districts: A new governance framework, Public Administration Review, 70(6), pp. 906–913. doi:10.1111/puar.2010.70.issue-6
  • OBIAA. (2017). ROI of BIAs: Return on Investment of BIAs Report.
  • Ontario. (2006) Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe. (Toronto: Government of Ontario, Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing).
  • Ontario. (2010) Business Improvement Area Handbook. (Toronto: Government of Ontario, Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing).
  • Ontario. (2017) Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe. (Toronto: Government of Ontario, Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing).
  • Perez, C., Hernandez, T., & Jones, K. (2003) Downtown Vitality and the Role of Business Improvement Areas. (Toronto: Ryerson University, Centre for the Study of Commercial Activity).
  • Porter, M. (2000) Location, competition, and economic development: Local clusters in a global economy, Economic Development Quarterly, 14(1), pp. 15–34. doi:10.1177/089124240001400105
  • Rankin, K., & Delaney, J. (2011) Community BIAs as practices of assemblage: Contingent politics in the neoliberal city, Environment and Planning A, 43(6), pp. 1363–1380. doi:10.1068/a43301
  • Robertson, K. (1999) Can small-city downtowns remain viable? Journal of the American Planning Association, 65(3), pp. 270–283. doi:10.1080/01944369908976057
  • Robertson, K. (2001) Downtown development principles for small cities, in: M. Burayidi (Ed) Downtowns: Revitalizing the Centers of Small Urban Communities, pp. 9–22 (New York: Routledge).
  • Sands, G. (2007) No finer place: Planning core areas in mid-sized Canadian cities, International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 2(3), pp. 249–259. doi:10.2495/SDP-V2-N3-249-259
  • Sands, G., & Reese, L. (2008) Cultivating the creative class: And what about nanaimo? Economic Development Quarterly, 22(1), pp. 8–23. doi:10.1177/0891242407309822
  • Sands, G., & Reese, L. (2017) Roads to Prosperity: Economic Development Lessons from Midsize Canadian Cities. (Detroit: Wayne State University Press).
  • Seasons, M. (2003) Indicators and core area planning: Applications in Canada’s mid-sized cities, Planning Practice and Research, 18(1), pp. 63–80. doi:10.1080/0269745032000132646
  • Vinodrai, T. (2015) Economic change in Canadian cities: Innovation, creativity and the knowledge-based economy, in: P. Filion, M. Moos, T. Vinodrai, & R. Walker (Eds) Canadian Cities in Transition, 5th ed., pp. 67–87 (Toronto: Oxford University Press).
  • Waitt, G., & Gibson, C. (2009) Creative small cities: Rethinking the creative economy in place, Urban Studies, 46(5–6), pp. 1223–1246. doi:10.1177/0042098009103862
  • Walker, P. L. (2009a) Downtown Planning for Smaller and Midsized Communities. (Chicago: American Planning Association).
  • Walker, P. L. (2009b) Top 10 myths of downtown planning, Planning, 75(6), pp. 38–40.
  • Ward, K. (2007) “Creating a personality for downtown”: Business improvement districts in Milwaukee, Urban Geography, 28(8), pp. 781–808. doi:10.2747/0272-3638.28
  • Watt, L. (2015, June 12) Barrie Unveils Plans for Outdoor City Centre, Simcoe.com. (Barrie).
  • Wolfe, D. (2009) 21st Century Cities in Canada: The Geography of Innovation. (Ottawa: The Conference Board of Canada).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.