1,063
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The effect of positive affect on conflict resolution: Modulated by approach-motivational intensity

, , &
Pages 69-82 | Received 01 Sep 2013, Accepted 05 Aug 2015, Published online: 11 Sep 2015

References

  • Berggren, N., & Derakshan, N. (2014). Inhibitory deficits in trait anxiety: Increased stimulus-based or response-based interference? Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21, 1339–1345. doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0611-8
  • Botvinick, M. M., Braver, T. S., Barch, D. M., Carter, C. S. & Cohen, J. D. (2001). Conflict monitoring and cognitive control. Psychological Review, 108, 624–652. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.108.3.624
  • van Boxtel, G. J. M., van der Molen, M. W., Jennings, J. R., & Brunia, C. H. M. (2001). A psychophysiological analysis of inhibitory motor control in the stop-signal paradigm. Biological Psychology, 58, 229–262. doi:10.1016/S0301-0511(01)00117-X
  • Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J. (2007). Emotion and motivation. In J. T. Cacioppo, L. G. Tassinary, & G. Berntson (Eds.), Handbook of psychophysiology (3rd ed., pp. 581–607). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Brydges, C. R., Clunies-Ross, K., Clohessy, M., Lo, Z. L., Nguyen, A., Rousset, C.,  … Fox, A. M. (2012). Dissociable components of cognitive control: An Event-Related Potential (ERP) study of response inhibition and interference suppression. PLoS ONE, 7, e34482. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034482
  • Carver, C. S. (2003). Pleasure as a sign you can attend to something else: Placing positive feelings within a general model of affect. Cognition and Emotion, 17, 241–261. doi:10.1080/02699930302294
  • Chen, A., Tang, D., & Chen, X. (2013). Training reveals the sources of stroop and flanker interference effects. PLoS ONE, 8, e76580. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076580
  • Cohen, N., & Henik, A. (2012). Do irrelevant emotional stimuli impair or improve executive control? Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 6, Article 33. doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00033
  • Eriksen, B. A., & Eriksen, C. W. (1974). Effects of noise letters upon the identification of a target letter in a nonsearch task. Perception and Psychophysics, 16, 143–149. doi:10.3758/BF03203267
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56, 218–226. doi:10.1037//0003-066X.56.3.218
  • Fredrickson, B. L., & Branigan, C. (2005). Positive emotions broaden the scope of attention and thought-action repertoires. Cognition and Emotion, 19, 313–332. doi:10.1080/02699930441000238
  • Friedman, N. P., & Miyake, A. (2004). The relations among inhibition and interference control functions: A latent-variable analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133, 101–135. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.133.1.101
  • Gable, P. A., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2008). Approach-motivated positive affect reduces breadth of attention. Psychological Science, 19, 476–482. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02112.x
  • Gable, P. A., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2010a). The blues broaden, but the nasty narrows: Attentional consequences of negative affects low and high in motivational intensity. Psychological Science, 21, 211–215. doi:10.1177/0956797609359622
  • Gable, P. A., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2010b). The effect of low versus high approach-motivated positive affect on memory for peripherally versus centrally presented information. Emotion, 10, 599–603. doi:10.1037/a0018426
  • Gable, P. A., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2010c). The motivational dimensional model of affect: Implications for breadth of attention, memory, and cognitive categorisation. Cognition and Emotion, 24, 322–337. doi:10.1080/02699930903378305
  • Gable, P. A., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2011). Attentional consequences of pre-goal and post-goal positive affects. Emotion, 11, 1358–1367. doi:10.1037/a0025611
  • Gable, P. A., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2013). Does arousal per se account for the influence of appetitive stimuli on attentional scope and the late positive potential? Psychophysiology, 50, 344–350. doi:10.1111/psyp.12023
  • Gable, P. A., & Poole, B. D. (2012). Time flies when you're having approach-motivated fun: Effects of motivational intensity on time perception. Psychological Science, 23, 879–886. doi:10.1177/0956797611435817
  • Harmon-Jones, E., Gable, P. A., & Price, T. F. (2012). The influence of affective states varying in motivational intensity on cognitive scope. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 6, Article 73. doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00073
  • Harmon-Jones, E., Gable, P. A., & Price, T. F. (2013). Does negative affect always narrow and positive affect always broaden the mind? Considering the influence of motivational intensity on cognitive scope. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22, 301–307. doi:10.1177/0963721413481353
  • Hommel, B. (1997). Interactions between stimulus-stimulus congruence and stimulus-response compatibility. Psychological Research, 59, 248–260. doi:10.1007/BF00439302
  • Hu, K., Bauer, A., Padmala, S., & Pessoa, L. (2012). Threat of bodily harm has opposing effects on cognition. Emotion, 12, 28–32. doi:10.1037/a0024345
  • Isen, A. M., & Daubman, K. A. (1984). The influence of affect on categorization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 1206–1217. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.47.6.1206
  • Isen, A. M., Niedenthal, P., & Cantor, N. (1992). An influence of positive affect on social categorization. Motivation and Emotion, 16, 65–78. doi:10.1007/BF00996487
  • Johnson, K. J., Waugh, C. E., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2010). Smile to see the forest: Facially expressed positive emotions broaden cognition. Cognition and Emotion, 24, 299–321. doi:10.1080/02699930903384667
  • Kanske, P. (2012). On the influence of emotion on conflict processing. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 6, Article 42. doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00042
  • Kanske, P., & Kotz, S. A. (2011a). Conflict processing is modulated by positive emotion: ERP data from a flanker task. Behavioural Brain Research, 219, 382–386. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2011.01.043
  • Kanske, P., & Kotz, S. A. (2011b). Emotion triggers executive attention: Anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala responses to emotional words in a conflict task. Human Brain Mapping, 32, 198–208. doi:10.1002/hbm.21012
  • Kornblum, S. (1992). Dimensional overlap and dimensional relevance in stimulus–response and stimulus–stimulus compatibility. In G. E. Stelmach & J. Requin (Eds.), Tutorials in motor behavior (Vol. 2, pp. 743–777). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  • Kuhl, J., & Kazén, M. (1999). Volitional facilitation of difficult intentions: Joint activation of intention memory and positive affect removes Stroop interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128, 382–399. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.128.3.382
  • Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (2005). International affective picture system (IAPS): Digitized photographs, instruction manual and affective ratings (Technical Report No. A-6). Gainesville: University of Florida, Center for Research in Psychophysiology.
  • Loftus, G. R., & Masson, M. E. J. (1994). Using confidence intervals in within-subject designs. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 1, 476–490. doi:10.3758/BF03210951
  • Martin, E. A., & Kerns, J. G. (2011). The influence of positive mood on different aspects of cognitive control. Cognition and Emotion, 25, 265–279. doi:10.1080/02699931.2010.491652
  • Miller, J., & Navon, D. (2002). Global precedence and response activation: Evidence from LRPs. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 55A, 289–310. doi:10.1080/02724980143000280
  • Moriya, H., & Nittono, H. (2011). Effect of mood states on the breadth of spatial attentional focus: An event-related potential study. Neuropsychologia, 49, 1162–1170. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.02.036
  • Navon, D. (1977). Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception. Cognitive Psychology, 9, 353–383. doi:10.1016/0010-0285(77)90012-3
  • Nigg, J. T. (2000). On inhibition/disinhibition in developmental psychopathology: Views from cognitive and personality psychology and a working inhibition taxonomy. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 220–246. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.2.220
  • Padmala, S., & Pessoa, L. (2011). Reward reduces conflict by enhancing attentional control and biasing visual cortical processing. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23, 3419–3432. doi:10.1162/jocn_a_00011
  • Phillips, L. H., Bull, R., Adams, E., & Fraser, L. (2002). Positive mood and executive function: Evidence from Stroop and fluency tasks. Emotion, 2, 21–22. doi:10.1037//1528-3542.2.1.12
  • Price, T. F., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2010). The effect of embodied emotive states on cognitive categorization. Emotion, 10, 934–938. doi:10.1037/a0019809
  • Rowe, G., Hirsh, J. B., & Anderson, A. K. (2007). Positive affect increases the breadth of attentional selection. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 104, 383–388. doi:10.1073/pnas.0605198104
  • Simon, J. R., & Rudell, A. P. (1967). Auditory S-R compatibility: The effect of an irrelevant cue on information processing. Journal of Applied Psychology, 51, 300–304. doi:10.1037/h0020586
  • Sommer, M., Hajak, G., Döhnel, K., Meinhardt, J., & Müller, J. L. (2008). Emotion-dependent modulation of interference processes: An fMRI study. Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis, 68, 193–203.
  • Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 643–662. doi:10.1037/h0054651
  • Talarico, J. M., Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2009). Positive emotions enhance recall of peripheral details. Cognition and Emotion, 23, 380–398. doi:10.1080/02699930801993999
  • van Veen, V., & Carter, C. S. (2005). Separating semantic conflict and response conflict in the Stroop task: A functional MRI study. NeuroImage, 27, 497–504. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.04.042
  • Verbruggen, F., Liefooghe, B., & Vandierendonck, A. (2006). The effect of interference in the early processing stages on response inhibition in the stop signal task. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59, 190–203. doi:10.1080/17470210500151386
  • Wang, Z., Liu, Y., & Jiang, C. (2013). The effect of low versus high approach-motivated positive affect on cognitive control. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 45, 546–555. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2013.00546
  • Zhang, H., Zhang, J., & Kornblum, S. (1999). A parallel distributed processing model of stimulus–stimulus and stimulus–response compatibility. Cognitive Psychology, 38, 386–432. doi:10.1006/cogp.1998.0703

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.