Pandemic reminders as psychological threat: thinking about COVID-19 lowers coping self-Efficacy among trauma-exposed adults

References

• Abdollahi, A., Pyszczynski, T., Maxfield, M., & Luszczynska, A. (2011). Posttraumatic stress reactions as a disruption in anxiety-buffer functioning: Dissociation and responses to mortality salience as predictors of severity of posttraumatic symptoms. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 3(4), 329. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021084
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. The self system in reciprocal determinism. American Psychologist, 33(4), 344–358. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.33.4.344
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benight, C. C., & Harper, M. L. (2002). Coping self-efficacy perceptions as a mediator between acute stress response and long-term distress following natural disasters. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15(3), 177–186. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015295025950
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergman, Y. S., Cohen-Fridel, S., Shrira, A., Bodner, E., & Palgi, Y. (2020). COVID-19 health worries and anxiety symptoms among older adults: The moderating role of ageism. International Psychogeriatrics, 32(11), 1371–1375. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610220001258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatard, A., Pyszczynski, T., Arndt, J., Selimbegović, L., Konan, P. N., & Van der Linden, M. (2012). Extent of trauma exposure and PTSD symptom severity as predictors of anxiety-buffer functioning.. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 4(1), 47. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021085
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chesney, M. A., Neilands, T. B., Chambers, D. B., Taylor, J. M., & Folkman, S. (2006). A validity and reliability study of the coping self-efficacy scale. British Journal of Health Psychology, 11(3), 421–437. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1348/135910705X53155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallagher, M. W., Zvolensky, M. J., Long, L. J., Rogers, A. H., & Garey, L. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 experiences and associated stress on anxiety, depression, and functional impairment in American adults. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 44(6), 1043–1051. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-020-10143-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grossman, E. S., Hoffman, Y., Bodner, E., Palgi, Y., Gottlieb, M., Mesika, O., … Shrira, A. (2016). Psychological effects following the Iran nuclear deal: Iranian nuclear threat salience moderates the relationship between PTSD symptoms and sleep problems. Psychiatry Research, 243, 292–294. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.06.032
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (2nd ed.). Guilford publications. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-02005898-9
   Google Scholar
• Kesebir, P., Pyszczynski, T., Chatard, A., & Hirschberger, G. (2013). Reliving history: Using priming to assess the effects of world events on public opinion. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 19(1), 51. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031563
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, L. M., Simard, J. F., Oluyomi, A., Nava, V., Rosas, L. G., Bondy, M., & Linos, E. (2020). Us public concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic from results of a survey given via social media. JAMA Internal Medicine, 180(7), 1020–1022. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1369
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, C. L., Russell, B. S., Fendrich, M., Finkelstein-Fox, L., Hutchison, M., & Becker, J. (2020). Americans’ COVID-19 stress, coping, and adherence to CDC guidelines. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 35(8), 2296–2303. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05898-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pyszczynski, T., & Kesebir, P. (2011). Anxiety buffer disruption theory: A terror management account of posttraumatic stress disorder. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 24(1), 3–26. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2010.517524
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pyszczynski, T., Lockett, M., Greenberg, J., & Solomon, S. (2021). Terror management theory and the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 61(2), 173–189. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167820959488
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, B. G., & Weems, C. F. (2013). Natural disasters and existential concerns: A test of Tillich’s theory of existential anxiety. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 53(1), 114–128. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167812449190
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scrima, F., Miceli, S., Caci, B., & Cardaci, M. (2022). The relationship between fear of COVID-19 and intention to get vaccinated. The serial mediation roles of existential anxiety and conspiracy beliefs. Personality and Individual Differences, 184, 111188. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.111188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shrira, A. (2015). Transmitting the sum of all fears: Iranian nuclear threat salience among offspring of holocaust survivors. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 7(4), 364. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suliman, S., Mkabile, S. G., Fincham, D. S., Ahmed, R., Stein, D. J., & Seedat, S. (2009). Cumulative effect of multiple trauma on symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression in adolescents. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 50(2), 121–127. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.06.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomaszek, K., & Muchacka-Cymerman, A. (2020). Thinking about my existence during COVID-19, I feel anxiety and awe—The mediating role of existential anxiety and life satisfaction on the relationship between PTSD symptoms and post-traumatic growth. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 7062. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197062
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vail IIIK. E., Courtney, E. P., Goncy, E. A., Cornelius, T., & Edmondson, D. (2019). Anxiety buffer disruption: Relationship threat, death anxiety, and coping appraisals among low and high posttraumatic stress symptom samples. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 38(6), 501–521. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2019.38.6.501
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Bruggen, V., ten Klooster, P., Westerhof, G., Vos, J., de Kleine, E., Bohlmeijer, E., & Glas, G. (2017). The existential concerns questionnaire (ECQ)–development and initial validation of a new existential anxiety scale in a nonclinical and clinical sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 73(12), 1692–1703. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22474
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weathers, F. W., Blake, D. D., Schnurr, P. P., Kaloupek, D. G., Marx, B. P., & Keane, T. M. (2013). The life events checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5). Scale available from the National Center for PTSD at www.ptsd.va.gov.
   Google Scholar
• Weathers, F. W., Litz, B. T., Keane, T. M., Palmieri, P. A., Marx, B. P., & Schnurr, P. P. (2013). The PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Scale available from the National Center for PTSD at www.ptsd.va.gov.
   Google Scholar