Canadian—American Environmental Relations: Interoperability and Politics

NOTES

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• At the national level, Environment Canada absorbed cuts amounting to 32 percent over 1995-6 to 1997-8 (from $737 million to $503 million) and lost one quarter of its staff (1,400 of 5,700). Natural Resources Canada underwent even greater cuts; departmental spending was reduced by close to 60 percent between 1994-5 and 1998–9, and many programs were pared back or eliminated altogether. In Ontario, shortly after taking up the reins of government in 1995, the Conservatives under Mike Harris subjected the environment ministry's budget and staff to deep cuts; over the period 1994/95 to 1998/99, the ministry's operating budget was reduced by 45 percent, with a net loss of 30 percent of its staff. Alberta and Quebec followed a trajectory similar to that of Ontario, administering budget cuts of 25–30 percent to environmental agencies, with accompanying staff cuts. Some measure of downsizing took place in almost all other provinces, with the exception of British Columbia, which continued to expand its environmental regime over the 1990s
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