NOTES
- I wish to thank Donald K. Alper, Robert L. Earle, Kevin Drennan, Molly Polk, and students in my Stanford undergraduate course, “The Creation of North America,” for comments on earlier drafts of this essay.
- John H. Barton, “NAFTA Panels: An Insider's View,” NAMINEWS 17 (Spring 1996): 1; John S. McKennirey, Executive Director of the Labor Secretariat, “North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation,” NAMINEWS 18 (Summer 1996): 1; “NAFTA's Environmental Council Off to a Strong Start, Environmental Health and Safety Management (26 August 1996): 3–4. In addition, two US.-Mexico bilateral institutions, the Border Environmental Cooperative Commission (BECC) and the North American Development Bank (NADBank), became operational in early 1995.
- Sam Dillon, The New York Times (8 May 1996): A4.
- To select four quite different examples, one might start with Judge Marjorie Bowker of Edmonton, who wrote a simplistic, yet highly effective attack on free trade. On Guard for Thee was widely read during the FTA debate in Canada. On the American right, Patrick Buchanan evokes “Fortress America” and appeals to American nativism; on the left, Rep. Marcy Kaptur (D-OH) plays arpeggios on the keyboard of her constituents' fears of job loss. In Mexico, Sub-comandante Marcos has brilliantly manipulated information age technology to package the Chiapas rebellion—which is based on complex local grievances—for other audiences at home and abroad. See The Economist (10–16 June 1995): 16.
- History and National Identity: Colloquium Proceedings (Santa Fe: The North American Institute, 1994).
- On the NAMI web site (http://www.santafe.edu/-naminet) consult the transcript of the recent forum “Renewing Federalism in North America: Diversity of Peoples, Community of Purposes,” co-hosted by NAMI and the North America Forum at Stanford University on 22–24 March 1996.
- Stephen Blank, et al., “North American Business Integration,” Business Quarterly, The University of Western Ontario, 1994. The sponsoring groups are CONCAMIN (Confederación de Cámaras Industriales), The United States Council for International Business, and the International Business Council of Canada. See Adam B. Greene, “Seminar on ISO Brings Together Environmental Managers from Canada, U.S. and Mexico,” Ecoregion 2 (Winter/Spring 1996).
- For essays on Cascadia and other regions, see the section on “Regional Perspectives” in Robert L. Earle and John D. Wirth, eds., Identities m North America; The Search for Community (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995). Also the conference papers by Donald K. Alper, “The Idea of Cascadia: Emergent Transborder Regionalisms in the Pacific Northwest-Western Canada,” presented at the “Boundaries” Conference, University of Edinburgh, 3–5 May 1996, and Martin Lubin, “Managing the Relationship with Canada: A View from New York,” presented at the NAMI Conference, San Antonio, 7 June 1996.
- See Peter Emerson, et al., “The Paso del Norte Air Quality Management Basin Agreement,” and Jamie Alley, “The British Columbia-Washington Environmental Cooperation Council: An Evolving Model of Canada-US. Interjurisdictional Cooperation,” in Richard Kiy and John D. Wirth, eds., Cooperation and Conflict: Environmental Management on North America's Borders, forthcoming.
- Pierre Marc Johnson and André Beaulieu, The Environment and NAFTA: Understanding und Implementing the New Continental Law, Washington, D.C., 1996. See also The Role of Environmental Non-Governmental Organizations (ENGOS) in North America, report of a colloquium held in Santa Fe, NM, February 1995 by the North American Institute, and Rod Dobell and Michael Neufeld, eds., Trans-border Citizens: Networks und New Institutions in North America (Lantzville, B.C.: Oolichan Press, 1994).
- Starting with Governor George Bush, Jr., Texas leaders have taken the opposite approach to Mexico, emphasizing partnership.
- The Act “permits U.S. citizens and Cuban exiles to sue in U.S. courts foreign companies for allegedly doing business with Cuban interests that were confiscated after Fidel Castro came to power in 1959.” It also “bars entry into the U.S. by senior executives of foreign businesses with Cuban ties and their families,” a measure which the Canadian Trade Minister calls carrying the dispute “‘to extreme foolishness.”’ The Europeans are up in am, and the World Trade Organization may also rule. See Rosanna Tamburri, “Canada Retaliates Against U.S. Sanctions,” The Wall Street Journal (18 June 1996).
- Robert N. Bellah, et al., Habits of the Heart: Individualism und Commitment in American Life (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985).
- Richard Mulcaster, President of the Vancouver Community Foundation, comments to the author, 15 October 1991.
- Sam Dillon, “Don't be a Stranger, Says Mexico to Emigrés in the United States,” The New York Times (10 December 1996): A5.
- “Canada and Mexico Join U.S. in Academic-Exchange Project,” The Chronicle of Higher Education (23 June 1995): A35. The most recent trinational conference was held in April 1996 in Guadalajara.
- See the article by Ron Hale, “Binational School District Proposed,” in NAMINEWS (13 January 1995): 5. New Mexico Governor Gary Johnson, a nativist, opposes the district, and recently zeroed out the budget for the Border Research Program at New Mexico State University in Las Cruces.
- CEC, Secretariat Report on the Death of Migratory Birds at the Silva Reservoir (1994–95) (Montreal, 1995).
- The Cozumel case is ongoing. Also, as of current writing, the Government of Canada may be asked by the CEC to respond to allegations by Alberta NGOs that it has failed to enforce federal fisheries laws in that province. This is also a federalism issue and will be closely watched by the other two countries.
- Marc Pachter, “American Identity: A Political Compact,” in Earle and Wirth, 39.