Concentration or Dispersion? Location Choice of Commercial Developers in the Portland Metropolitan Area, 2000–2007

REFERENCES

• Abbott , C. 1997 . The Portland region: Where city and suburbs talk to each other—and often agree . Housing Policy Debate , 8 : 11 – 51 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbott , C. 2002 . “ Planning a sustainable city: The promise and performance of Portland's urban growth boundary. In G. D. Squires, editor ” . In Urban Sprawl: Causes, Consequences and Policy Responses , 207 – 235 . Washington, DC : Urban Institute Press .
   Google Scholar
• Abbott , C. 2004 . “ Centers and edges: Reshaping downtown Portland. In C ” . In Ozawa, editor, The Portland Edge: Challenges and Successes in Growing Communities , 164 – 183 . Washington, DC : Island .
   Google Scholar
• Anas , A. , Arnott , R. and Small , K. A. 1998 . Urban spatial structure . Journal of Economic Literature , 36 : 1426 – 1464 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson , N. B. and Bogart , W. T. 2001 . The structure of sprawl: Identifying and characterizing employment centers in polycentric metropolitan areas . American Journal of Economics and Sociology , 60 : 147 – 169 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhat , C. and Guo , J. 2004 . Mixed spatially correlated logit model: Formulation and application to residential choice modeling . Transportation Research Part B , 38 : 147 – 168 .
   Google Scholar
• Bierlaire , M. March 19–21 2003 . “ Biogeme: A free package for the estimation of discrete choice models ” . In Proceedings of the 3rd Swiss Transportation Research Conference , March 19–21 , Switzerland : Ascona .
   Google Scholar
• Cevero , R. and Wu , K.-L. 1997 . Polycentrism, commuting, and residential location in the San Francisco Bay Area . Environment and Planning A , 29 : 865 – 886 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coffey , W. J. and Shearmur , R. G. 2001a . The identification of employment centers in Canadian metropolitan areas: The example of Montreal, 1996 . Canadian Geographer , 45 : 371 – 386 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coffey , W. J. and Shearmur , R. G. 2001b . Intrametropolitan employment distribution in Montreal, 1981–1996 . Urban Geography , 22 : 106 – 129 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craig , S. and Ng , P. 2001 . Using quantile smoothing splines to identify employment subcenters in a multicentric urban area . Journal of Urban Economics , 49 : 100 – 120 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cushman & Wakfield, 1998–2007, Portland OR Office Marketbeat. Portland, OR: A Cushman & Wakefield Research Publication.
   Google Scholar
• Cuthbert , A. L. and Anderson , W. P. 2002 . Using spatial statistics to examine the pattern of urban land development in Halifax-Dartmouth . The Professional Geographer , 54 : 521 – 532 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Bok , M. and Sanders , F. 2005 . Firm relocation and accessibility of locations: Empirical results from the Netherlands . Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board , 1902 : 35 – 43 .
   Google Scholar
• Dong , H. and Gliebe , J. 2012 . Assessing the impacts of smart growth policies on home developers in a bi-state metropolitan area: Evidence from the Portland metropolitan area . Urban Studies , 49 : 2219 – 2235 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Downs , A. 2005 . Smart growth: Why we discuss it more than we do it . Journal of the American Planning Association , 71 : 367 – 378 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elgar , I. , Farooq , B. and Miller , E. J. 2009 . Modeling location decisions of office firms: Introducing anchor points and constructing choice sets in the model system . Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board , 2133 : 56 – 63 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garreau , J. 1991 . Edge City: Life on the New Frontier , New York , NY : Anchor Books .
   Google Scholar
• Giuliano , G. , Redfearn , C. , Agarwal , A. , Li , C. and Zhuang , D. 2007 . Employment concentration in Los Angeles, 1980–2000 . Environment and Planning A , 39 : 2935 – 2957 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giuliano , G. and Small , K. 1991 . Subcenters in the Los Angeles region . Regional Science and Urban Economics , 21 : 163 – 182 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon , P. and Richardson , H. 1996 . Beyond polycentricity: Dispersed metropolis, Los Angles, 1970–1980 . Journal of the American Planning Association , 62 : 289 – 295 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottdiener,s , M. and Hutchison , R. 2010 . New Urban Sociology , 4th , Boulder, CO : Westview .
   Google Scholar
• Guevara-Cue , C. A. 2010 . “ Endogeneity and Sampling of Alternatives in Spatial Choice Models ” . In Unpublished dissertation , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA. : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering .
   Google Scholar
• Haider , M. and Miller , E. 2004 . Modeling location choices of home builders in the greater Toronto area . Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board , 1898 : 148 – 156 .
   Google Scholar
• Harner , J. and Kinder , F. 2011 . Placelessness in a deregulated city: University Village in Colorado Springs . Urban Geography , 32 : 730 – 755 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hensher , D. , Rose , J. and Greene , W. 2005 . Applied Choice Analysis: A Primer , New York, NY : Cambridge University .
   Google Scholar
• Hunt , J. D. , Kriger , D. S. and Miller , E. J. 2005 . Current operational urban land-use transport modeling frameworks: A review . Transport Review , 25 : 329 – 376 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohlhase , J. and Ju , X. 2007 . Firm location in a polycentric city: The effects of taxes and agglomeration economies on location decisions . Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy , 25 : 671 – 691 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kone , D. L . 1994 . Land Development , 8th , Washington, DC : Home Builder .
   Google Scholar
• Kumar , S. and Kockelman , K. M. 2009 . Tracking the size, location and interactions of businesses: Microsimulation of firm behavior in Austin, Texas . Transportation Research Record , 2077 : 113 – 121 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang , R. E. and Lefurgy , J. 2003 . Edgeless cities: Examining the noncentered metropolis . Housing Policy Debate , 14 : 427 – 460 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , B. 2007 . Edge” or “edgeless” cities? Urban spatial structure in U.S. metropolitan areas, 1980 to 2000 . Journal of Regional Science , 47 : 479 – 515 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , B. and Waddell , P. 2010 . Residential mobility and location choice: A nested logit model with sampling of alternatives . Transportation , 37 : 587 – 601 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leslie , T. F. 2010 . Identification and differentiation of urban centers in Phoenix through a multi-criteria kernel-density approach . International Regional Science Review , 33 : 205 – 235 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maoh , H. and Kanaroglou , P. 2009 . Intrametropolitan location of business establishments: Microanalytical model for Hamilton, Ontario, Canada . Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board , 2133 : 33 – 45 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maoh , H. , Koronios , M. and Kanroglou , P. 2010 . Exploring the land development process and its impact on urban form in Hamilton, Ontario . The Canadian Geographer , 54 : 68 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayer , H. and Provo , J. 2004 . “ The Portland edge in context ” . In The Portland Edge: Challenges and Successes in Growing Communities , Edited by: Ozawa , C. 9 – 34 . Washington, DC : Island .
   Google Scholar
• McMillen , D. and McDonald , J. 1998 . Suburban subcenters and employment density in metropolitan Chicago . Journal of Urban Economics , 43 : 157 – 180 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMillen , D. and Smith , S. 2003 . The number of subcenters in large urban areas . Journal of Urban Economics , 53 : 321 – 338 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metro, 2000, The Nature of 2040: The region's 50-year plan for managing growth. Retrieved January 23, 2012 from Metro Website at http://library.oregonmetro.gov/files/natureof2040.pdf (http://library.oregonmetro.gov/files/natureof2040.pdf)
   Google Scholar
• Mohammadian , A. , Haider , M. and Kanaroglou , P. 2008 . Homebuilders choice behavior analysis . Canadian Journal of Regional Science , XXXI : 225 – 240 .
   Google Scholar
• O'Toole , R. 2004 . A Portlander's view of smart growth . The Review of Austrian Economics , 17 : 203 – 212 .
   Google Scholar
• Redfearn , C. 2007 . The topography of metropolitan employment: Identifying centers of employment in a polycentric urban area . Journal of Urban Economics , 61 : 519 – 541 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richardson , H. W. and Gordon , P. 2001 . Sustainable Portland: A critique and the Los Angeles counterpoint , Paper presented at the American Collegiate School of Planning Annual Conference, Cleveland, OH .
   Google Scholar
• Schmitz , A. and Brett , D. L. 2005 . Real Estate Market Analysis: A Case Study Approach , Washington, DC : Urban Land Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Shearmur , R. , Coffey , W. , Dube , C. and Barbonne , R. 2007 . Intrametropolitan employment structure: Polycentric, scatteration, dispersal and chaos in Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver, 1996–2001 . Urban Studies , 44 : 1713 – 1738 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shukla , V. and Waddell , P. 1991 . Firm location and land use in discrete urban space: A study of the spatial structure of Dallas-Fort Worth . Regional Science and Urban Economics , 21 : 225 – 253 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song , Y. and Knaap , G. J. 2004 . Measuring urban form: Is Portland winning the war on sprawl? . Journal of the American Planning Association , 70 : 210 – 225 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanilov , K. 2002 . Postwar trends, land cover changes, and patterns of suburban development: The case of Greater Seattle . Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design , 29 : 173 – 195 .
   Google Scholar
• Train , K. E. 2003 . Discrete Choice Methods with Simulation , New York , NY : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar