Anatomy and affinities of large archosauromorphs from the lower Fremouw Formation (Early Triassic) of Antarctica

LITERATURE CITED

• Angielczyk , K. D. , Roopnarine , P. D. and Wang , S. C. 2005 . “ Modeling the role of primary productivity disruption in end-Permian extinctions, Karoo Basin, South Africa ” . In The Nonmarine Permian , Edited by: Lucas , S. G. and Zeigler , K. E. Vol. 30 , 16 – 23 . New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin .
   Google Scholar
• Bakker , R. T. and Galton , P. M. 1974 . Dinosaur monophyly and a new class of vertebrates . Nature , 248 : 168 – 172 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett , P. J. , Baillie , R. J. and Colbert , E. H. 1968 . Triassic amphibian from Antarctica . Science , 161 : 460 – 462 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett , P. J. 1969 . Stratigraphy and Petrology of the Mainly Fluviatile Permian and Triassic Beacon Rocks, Beardmore Glacier Area, Antarctica . Ohio State University Institute of Polar Studies Report 34 , 132 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Barrett , P. J. , Elliot , D. H. and Lindsay , J. F. 1986 . “ The Beacon Supergroup (Devonian-Triassic) and Ferrar Group (Jurassic) in the Beardmore Glacier area, Antarctica ” . In Geology of the Central Transantarctic Mountains. Antarctic Research Series 36(14) , Edited by: Turner , M. D. and Splettstoesser , J. F. 339 – 428 . Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union .
   Google Scholar
• Bennett , S. C. 1996 . The phylogenetic position of the Pterosauria within the Archosauromorpha . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , 118 : 261 – 308 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benton , M. J. 1985 . Classification and phylogeny of the diapsid reptiles . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , 84 : 97 – 164 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benton , M. J. 1990 . The species of Rhynchosaurus, a rhynchosaur (Reptilia: Diapsida) from the Middle Triassic of England . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B , 328 : 213 – 306 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benton , M. J. 1999 . Scleromochlus taylori and the origin of dinosaurs and pterosaurs . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B , 354 : 1423 – 1446 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benton , M. J. 2004 . “ Origin and relationships of Dinosauria ” . In The Dinosauria, second edition , Edited by: Weishampel , D. B. , Dodson , P. and Osmólska , H. 7 – 19 . Berkeley, California : University of California Press .
   Google Scholar
• Benton , M. J. and Clark , J. M. 1988 . “ Archosaur phylogeny and the relationships of the Crocodylia; pp ” . In The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods, 1: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds , Edited by: Benton , M. J. 295 – 338 . Oxford, , U.K : Clarenden Press .
   Google Scholar
• Benton , M. J. , Tverdokhlebov , V. P. and Surkov , M. V. 2004 . Ecosystem remodeling among vertebrates at the Permian–Triassic boundary in Russia . Nature , 432 : 97 – 100 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonaparte , J. F. 1971 . Los tetrápodos del sector superior de la Formacion Los Colorados, La Rioja, Argentina (Triásico Superior) I parte . Opera Lilloana , 22 : 1 – 183 .
   Google Scholar
• Bonaparte , J. F. 1981 . Rescripcion de “Fasolasuchus tenax” y su significado en la sistemática y evolucion de los Thecodontia. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturals, Bernardino . Rivadavia , 3 : 55 – 101 .
   Google Scholar
• Bonaparte , J. F. 1982 . Classification of the Thecodontia . Géobios, Mémoire Spécial , 6 : 99 – 112 .
   Google Scholar
• Bonaparte , J. F. 1984 . Locomotion in rauisuchid thecodonts . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 3 : 210 – 218 .
   Google Scholar
• Borsuk-Bialynicka , M. and Evans , S. E. 2003 . A basal archosauriform from the Early Triassic of Poland . Acta Palaeontologica Polonica , 48 : 649 – 652 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borsuk-Bialynicka , M. and Evans , S. E. 2008 . Cranial and mandibular osteology of the Early Triassic archosauriform Osmolskina czatkowicensis from Poland . Palaeontologia Polonica , 65 : 235 – 281 .
   Google Scholar
• Borsuk-Bialynicka , M. and Evans , S. E. 2009 . A long-necked archosauromorph from the Early Triassic of Poland . Palaeontologia Polonica , 65 : 203 – 234 .
   Google Scholar
• Botha , J. and Smith , R. M. H. 2006 . Rapid vertebrate recuperation in the Karoo Basin of South Africa following the End-Permian extinction . Journal of African Earth Sciences , 45 : 502 – 514 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broom , R. 1903 . On a new reptile (Proterosuchus fergusi) from the Karoo beds of Tarkastad, South Africa . Annals of the South African Museum , 4 : 159 – 164 .
   Google Scholar
• Brusatte , S. L. , Niedzwiedzki , G. and Butler , R. J. 2011 . Footprints pull origin and diversification of dinosaur stem-lineage deep into Early Triassic . Proceedings of the Royal Society B , 278 : 1107 – 1113 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brusatte , S. L. , Benton , M. J. , Desojo , J. and Langer , M. C. 2010 . The higher-level phylogeny of Archosauria (Tetrapoda: Diapsida) . Journal of Systematic Palaeontology , 8 : 3 – 47 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camp , C. L. and Banks , M. R. 1978 . A proterosuchian reptile from the Early Triassic of Tasmania . Alcheringa , 2 : 143 – 158 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carroll , R. L. 1969 . A Middle Pennsylvanian Captorhinomorph, and the interrelationships of primitive reptiles . Journal of Paleontology , 43 : 151 – 170 .
   Google Scholar
• Carroll , R. L. 1987 . Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution , New York : W. H. Freeman and Company . 698 pp
   Google Scholar
• Charig , A. J. and Reig , O. A. 1970 . The classification of the Proterosuchia . Biological Journal of the Linnean Society London , 2 : 125 – 171 .
   Google Scholar
• Charig , A. J. and Sues , H.-D. 1976 . “ Proterosuchia ” . In Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie 13 , Edited by: Kuhn , O. 11 – 39 . Stuttgart : Gustav Fischer .
   Google Scholar
• Cheng , Z. W. 1980 . [Chapter XII. Vertebrate Fossils.] . : 115 – 171 . Mesozoic Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Shaxi-Gansu-Ninengia Basin. Volume II]. Publishing House of Geology, Beijing. [Chinese]
   Google Scholar
• Cisneros , J. C. 2008 . Phylogenetic relationships of procolophonid parareptiles with remarks on their geological record . Journal of Systematic Palaeontology , 6 : 345 – 366 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colbert , E. H. 1974 . Lystrosaurus from Antarctica . American Museum Novitates , 2535 : 1 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Colbert , E. H. 1982 . “ Triassic vertebrates in the Transantarctic Mountains; pp ” . In Geology of the Central Transantarctic Mountains. Antarctic Research Series 36(2) , Edited by: Turner , M. D. and Splettstoesser , J. F. 339 – 429 . Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union .
   Google Scholar
• Colbert , E. H. 1987 . The Triassic reptile Prolacerta . American Museum Novitates , 2882 : 1 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Colbert , E. H. and Kitching , J. W. 1975 . The Triassic reptile Procolophon in Antarctica . American Museum Novitates , 2566 : 1 – 23 .
   Google Scholar
• Colbert , E. H. and Kitching , J. W. 1977 . Triassic cynodont reptiles from Antarctica . American Museum Novitates , 2611 : 1 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Collinson , J. W. 1990 . “ Depositional setting of late Carboniferous to Triassic biota in the Transantarctic Basin; pp ” . In Antarctic Paleobiology: Its Role in the Reconstruction of Gondwana , Edited by: Taylor , T. N. and Taylor , E. L. 1 – 14 . New York : Springer .
   Google Scholar
• Collinson , J. W. 1991 . “ The palaeo-Pacific margin as seen from East Antarctica; pp ” . In Geological Evolution of Antarctica , Edited by: Thomson , M. R. A. , Crame , J. A. and Thomson , J. W. 199 – 204 . Cambridge, , U.K : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Collinson , J. W. and Hammer , W. R. 1996 . New observations on the Triassic stratigraphy of the Shackleton Glacier region . Antarctic Journal of the United States , 31 ( 5 ) : 9 – 11 .
   Google Scholar
• Collinson , J. W. and Hammer , W. R. 2007 . Migration of Triassic Tetrapods to Antarctica; pp . : 1 – 3 . A. K. Cooper, C. R. Raymond, and the 10th ISAES Editorial Team (eds.), Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World—Online Proceedings of the 10th ISAES X. USGS Open-File Report 2007-1047, Extended Abstract 047. Available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1047/ea/of2007-1047ea047.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Collinson , J. W. , Hammer , W. R. , Askin , R. A. and Elliot , D. H. 2006 . Permian-Triassic boundary, central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica . Geological Society of America Bulletin , 118 : 747 – 763 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collinson , J. W. , Isbell , J. L. , Elliot , D. H. , Miller , M. F. , Miller , J. M. G. and Veevers , J. J. 1994 . “ Permian-Triassic Transantarctic basin ” . In Permian-Triassic Pangean Basins and Foldbelts along the Panthalassan Margin of Gondwanaland , Edited by: Veevers , J. J. and Powell , C. M. 173 – 222 . Geological Society of America Memoir 184 .
   Google Scholar
• Cosgriff , J. W. 1983 . Large thecodont reptiles from the Fremouw Formation . Antarctic Journal of the United States , 18 ( 5 ) : 52 – 54 .
   Google Scholar
• Cruickshank , A. R. I. 1972 . “ The proterosuchian thecodonts; pp ” . In Studies in Vertebrate Evolution , Edited by: Joysey , K. A. and Kemp , T. S. 89 – 119 . Edinburgh, , U.K : Oliver and Boyd .
   Google Scholar
• Currie , P. J. 1981 . Hovasaurus boulei, an aquatic eosuchian from the Upper Permian of Madagascar . Palaeontologia Africana , 24 : 99 – 168 .
   Google Scholar
• Dalziel , I. W. D. and Elliot , D. H. 1982 . West Antarctica: problem child of Gondwanaland . Tectonics , 1 : 3 – 19 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Da-Rosa , A. A. , Piñeiro , G. , Dias-Da-Silva , S. , Cisneros , J. C. , Feltrin , F. F. and Witeck Neto , L. 2009 . Bica São Tomé, um novo sítio fossilífero para o Triássico Inferior do sul do Brasil . Revista Brasilera de Paleontologia , 12 : 67 – 76 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• deBraga , M. and Rieppel , O. 1997 . Reptile phylogeny and the interrelationships of turtles . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , 120 : 281 – 354 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dilkes , D. W. 1998 . The Early Triassic rhynchosaur Mesosuchus browni and the interrelationships of basal archosauromorph reptiles . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B , 353 : 501 – 541 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dilkes , D. W. and Sues , H.-D. 2009 . Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of Doswellia kaltenbachi (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) from the Upper Triassic of Virginia . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 29 : 58 – 79 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans , S. E. 2009 . An early kuehneosaurid reptile (Reptilia: Diapsida) from the Early Triassic of Poland . Palaeontologia Polonica , 65 : 145 – 178 .
   Google Scholar
• Ewer , R. E. 1965 . The anatomy of the thecodont reptile Euparkeria capensis Broom . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B , 248 : 379 – 435 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ezcurra , M. E. , Lecuona , A. and Martinelli , A. 2010 . A new basal archosauriform diapsid from the Lower Triassic of Argentina . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 30 : 1433 – 1450 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fröbisch , J. , Angielczyk , K. D. and Sidor , C. A. 2010 . The Triassic dicynodont Kombuisia (Synapsida, Anomodontia) from Antarctica, a refuge for terrestrial tetrapods during and after the end-Permian extinction . Naturwissenschaften , 97 : 187 – 196 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gauthier , J. 1984 . A cladistic analysis of the higher systematic categories of the Diapsida , Berkeley, California : University of California . Ph.D. dissertation, 572 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Gauthier , J. 1986 . “ Saurischian monophyly and the origin of birds; pp ” . In The Origin of Birds and the Evolution of Flight , Edited by: Padian , K. 1 – 55 . Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences 8 .
   Google Scholar
• Gauthier , J. , Kluge , A. G. and Rowe , T. 1988 . Amniote phylogeny and the importance of fossils . Cladistics , 4 : 105 – 209 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gauthier , J. and Padian , K. 1985 . “ Phylogenetic, functional, and aerodynamic analyses of the origin of birds and their flight ” . In The Beginnings of Birds , Edited by: Hecht , M. K. , Ostrom , J. H. , Viohl , G. and Wellnhofer , P. 185 – 197 . Eichstätt, , Germany : Freunde des Jura-Museums .
   Google Scholar
• Gottmann-Quesada , A. and Sander , P. M. 2009 . A redescription of the early archosauromorph Protorosaurus speneri Meyer, 1832, and its phylogenetic relationships . Palaeontographica Abteilung A , 287 : 123 – 221 .
   Google Scholar
• Gow , C. E. 1975 . The morphology and relationships of Youngina capensis Broom and Prolacerta broomi Parrington . Palaeontologia Africana , 18 : 89 – 131 .
   Google Scholar
• Gow , C. E. 1992 . An enigmatic new reptile from the lower Fremouw Formation of Antarctica . Palaeontologia Africana , 29 : 21 – 33 .
   Google Scholar
• Gow , C. E. 1999 . The Triassic reptile Palacrodon browni Broom, synonymy and a new specimen . Palaeontologia Africana , 35 : 21 – 23 .
   Google Scholar
• Gower , D. J. 2000 . Rauisuchian archosaurs (Reptilia: Diapsida): an overview . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen , 218 : 447 – 488 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gower , D. J. 2001 . Possible postcranial pneumaticity in the last common ancestor of birds and crocodilians—evidence from Erythrosuchus and other early archosaurs . Naturwissenschaften , 88 : 119 – 122 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gower , D. J. 2003 . Osteology of the early archosaurian reptile Erythrosuchus africanus, Broom . Annals of the South African Museum , 110 : 1 – 84 .
   Google Scholar
• Gower , D. J. and Nesbitt , S. J. 2006 . The braincase of Arizonasaurus babbitti—further evidence for the non-monophyly of rauisuchian archosaurs . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 26 : 79 – 87 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gower , D. J. and Schoch , R. 2009 . Postcranial anatomy of the rauisuchian archosaur Batrachotomus kupferzellensis . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 29 : 103 – 122 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gower , D. J. and Sennikov , A. G. 1996 . Morphology and phylogenetic informativeness of early archosaur braincases . Palaeontology , 39 : 883 – 906 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gower , D. J. and Sennikov , A. G. 1997 . Sarmatosuchus and the early history of the Archosauria . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 17 : 60 – 73 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gower , D. J. and Sennikov , A. G. 2000 . “ Early archosaurs from Russia ” . In The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia , Edited by: Benton , M. J. , Kurochkin , E. N. , Shishkin , M. A. and Unwin , D. M. 140 – 159 . Cambridge, , U.K : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gray , J. E. 1842 . “ Description of two hitherto unrecorded species of reptiles from New Zealand; presented to the British Museum by Dr. Diffenback ” . In The Zoological Miscellany, Part 2 , Edited by: Gray , J. E. 57 – 72 . London, , U.K : Treuttel, Würtz and Co. .
   Google Scholar
• Grunnow , A. M. 1999 . Gondwana events and palaeogeography: a palaeomagnetic review . Journal of African Earth Sciences , 28 : 53 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Hammer , W. R. 1995 . New therapsids from the upper Fremouw Formation (Triassic) of Antarctica . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 15 : 105 – 112 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammer , W. R. and Cosgriff , J. W. 1981 . Myosaurus gracilis, an anomodont reptile from the Lower Triassic of Antarctica and South Africa . Journal of Paleontology , 55 : 410 – 424 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammer , W. R. , Collinson , J. W. and Ryan , W. J. Jr . 1990 . A new Triassic vertebrate fauna from Antarctica and its depositional setting . Antarctic Science , 2 : 163 – 167 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill , R. V. 2005 . Integration of morphological data sets for phylogenetic analysis of Amniota: the importance of integumentary characters and increased taxonomic sampling . Systematic Biology , 54 : 530 – 547 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huene , F. von. 1946 . Die grossen stamme der Tetrapoden in den geologischen Zeiten . Biologischen Zentralblatt , 65 : 266 – 275 .
   Google Scholar
• Huene , F. von . 1960 . Ein grosser Psudosuchier aus der Orenburger Trias . Palaeontographica A , 114 : 105 – 111 .
   Google Scholar
• Irmis , R. B. , Nesbitt , S. J. , Padian , K. , Smith , N. D. , Turner , A. H. , Woody , D. and Downs , A. 2007 . A Late Triassic Dinosauromorph assemblage from New Mexico and the rise of dinosaurs . Science , 317 : 358 – 361 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isbell , J. L. 1990 . “ Permian fluvial sedimentology of the Transantarctic Basin ” . Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University . Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, 306 pp
   Google Scholar
• Isbell , J. L. 1991 . “ Evidence for a low-gradient alluvial fan from the palaeo-Pacific margin in the Upper Permian Buckley Formation, Beardmore Glacier area, Antarctica; pp ” . In Geological Evolution of Antarctica , Edited by: Thomson , M. R. A. , Crame , J. A. and Thomson , J. W. 215 – 217 . Cambridge, , U.K : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Jalil , N. E. 1997 . A new prolacertiform diapsid from the Triassic of North Africa and the interrelationships of the Prolacertiformes . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 17 : 506 – 525 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juul , L. 1994 . The phylogeny of basal archosaurs . Palaeontologia Africana , 31 : 1 – 38 .
   Google Scholar
• Kear , B. P. 2009 . Proterosuchid archosaur remains from the Early Triassic Bulgo Sandstone of Long Reef, New South Wales . Alcheringa , 33 : 331 – 337 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitching , J. W. , Collinson , J. W. , Elliot , D. H. and Colbert , E. H. 1972 . Lystrosaurus Zone (Triassic) fauna from Antarctica . Science , 175 : 524 – 526 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krull , E. S. and Retallack , G. J. 2000 . δ13C depth profiles from paleosols across the Permian-Triassic boundary: evidence for methane release . Geological Society of America Bulletin , 112 : 1459 – 1472 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langer , M. C. , Franca , M. A. G. and Gabriel , S. 2007 . The pectoral girdle and forelimb anatomy of the stem-sauropodomorph Saturnalia tupiniquim (Upper Triassic, Brazil) . Special Papers in Palaeontology , 77 : 113 – 137 .
   Google Scholar
• Larsson , K. 1995 . Permian vertebrate remains from Kirwanbeggen, Dronning Maud Land . Abstracts of the VII International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences, Siena, Italy, 10–15 September 1995, p. 86. Universitá di Siena
   Google Scholar
• Laurenti , J. N. 1768 . Specimen Medicum, Exhibens Synopsin reptilium Emendatum cum Experimentis circa Venena et Antidota Reptilium Austriacorum . J. T. N. de Trattern, Vienna , 214 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Linnaeus , C. 1758 . Systema Naturae per Raegna Tria Naturae. Volume 1 , Regnum Animale. Tenth edition , 823 London : Trustees, British Museum (Natural History) .
   Google Scholar
• Martz , J. W. and Small , B. J. 2006 . Tecovasuchus chatterjeei, a new aetosaur (Archosauria: Stagonolepididae) from the Tecovas Formation (Carnian, Upper Triassic) of Texas . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 26 : 308 – 320 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McManus , H. A. , Taylor , E. L. , Taylor , T. N. and Collinson , J. W. 2002 . A petrified Glossopteris flora from Collinson Ridge, central Transantarctic Mountains: Late Permian or Early Triassic? . Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology , 120 : 233 – 246 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer , H. von. 1832 . Palaeologica zur Geschichte der Erde und ihrer Geschöpfe Verlag Siegmund Schmerber, Frankfurt am Main, 560 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Miller , M. F. and Sidor , C. A. 2007 . “ Permian tetrapods in Antarctica? ” . In TransAntarctic Mountains TRANsition Zone (TAM TRANZ Project): multidisciplinary research in the central and Southern Transantarctic Mountains Edited by: Elliot , D. H. , Lyons , W. B. and Everett , L. R. 93 Byrd Polar Research Center, Miscellaneous Series 430. Available at http://www-bprc.mps.ohio-state.edu/workshops/tam_2006.php
   Google Scholar
• Miller , M. F. , Sidor , C. A. and Isbell , J. L. 2005 . “ Permian vertebrates in Antarctica? Probably not ” . In Gondwana 12: Geological and Biological Heritage of Gondwana, Abstracts , Edited by: Pankhurst , R. J. and Viega , G. D. 257 Cordoba : Academia National de Ciencias .
   Google Scholar
• Modesto , S. P. and Botha-Brink , J. 2008 . Evidence of a second, large archosauriform reptile in the Lower Triassic Katberg Formation of South Africa . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 28 : 914 – 917 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Modesto , S. P. and Sues , H.-D. 2004 . The skull of the early Triassic archosauromorph reptile Prolacerta broomi and its phylogenetic significance . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , 140 : 335 – 351 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Müller , J. 2003 . Early loss and multiple return of the lower temporal arcade in diapsid reptiles . Naturwissenschaften , 90 : 473 – 476 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Müller , J. 2004 . “ The relationships among diapsid reptiles and the influence of taxon selection ” . In Recent Advances in the Origin and Early Radiation of Vertebrates , Edited by: Arratia , G. , Cloutier , R. and Wilson , M. V. H. 379 – 408 . Munich : Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil .
   Google Scholar
• Nesbitt , S. J. 2003 . Arizonasaurus and its implications for archosaur divergence . Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B (Supplement) , 270 : S234 – S237 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nesbitt , S. J. 2005 . Osteology of the Middle Triassic pseudosuchian archosaur Arizonasaurus babbitti . Historical Biology , 17 : 19 – 47 .
   Google Scholar
• Nesbitt , S. J. 2011 . The early evolution of archosaurs. Relationships and the origin of major clades . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 352 : 1 – 292 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nesbitt , S. J. , Stocker , M. R. , Small , B. J. and Downs , A. 2009 . The osteology and relationships of Vancleavea campi (Reptilia: Archosauriformes) . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , 157 : 814 – 864 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novas , F. E. 1996 . Dinosaur monophyly . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 16 : 723 – 741 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ochev , v. G. 1958 . [Novyye dannye po psevdozukkhiyam SSSR] . Doklady Akademi Nauk , 123 : 749 – 751 . [Russian]
   Google Scholar
• O’Connor , P. M. 2006 . Postcranial pneumaticity: an evaluation of soft-tissue influences on the postcranial skeleton and the reconstruction of pulmonary anatomy in archosaurs . Journal of Morphology , 267 : 1199 – 1226 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osborn , H. F. 1903 . The reptilian subclasses Diapsida and Synapsida and the early history of the Diaptosaura . Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History , 1 : 449 – 508 .
   Google Scholar
• Parrish , J. M. 1992 . Phylogeny of the Erythrosuchidae (Reptilia: Archosauriformes) . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 12 : 93 – 102 .
   Google Scholar
• Retallack , G. J. and Krull , E. S. 1999 . Landscape ecological shift at the Permian-Triassic boundary in Antarctica . Australian Journal of Earch Sciences , 46 : 785 – 812 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Retallack , G. J. , Krull , E. S. and Robinson , S. E. 1996 . Permian and Triassic paleosols and paleoenvironments of the central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica . U.S. Antarctic Journal , 31 : 29 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Rieppel , O. 1993 . Euryapsid relationships: a preliminary analysis . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen , 188 : 241 – 264 .
   Google Scholar
• Roopnarine , P. D. , Angielczyk , K. D. , Wang , S. C. and Hertog , R. 2007 . Trophic network models explain instability of Early Triassic terrestrial communities . Proceedings of the Royal Society B , 274 : 2077 – 2086 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubidge , B. S. 2005 . Re-uniting lost continents—fossil reptiles from the ancient Karoo and their wanderlust . South African Journal of Geology , 108 : 135 – 172 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahney , S. and Benton , M. J. 2008 . Recovery from the most profound mass extinction of all time . Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B , 275 : 759 – 765 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sennikov , A. G. and Golubev , V. K. 2006 . Vyazniki biotic assemblage of the terminal Permian . Paleontological Journal , 40 : S475 – S481 .
   Google Scholar
• Senter , P. 2005 . Phylogenetic taxonomy and the names of the major archosaurian (Reptilia) clades . Paleobios , 25 ( 2 ) : 1 – 7 .
   Google Scholar
• Sereno , P. C. 1991 . Basal archosaurs: phylogenetic relationships and functional implication . Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir , 2 : 1 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Shishkin , M. A. and Sulej , T. 2009 . The Early Triassic temnospondyls of the Czatkowice 1 tetrapod assemblage . Palaeontologia Polonica , 65 : 31 – 77 .
   Google Scholar
• Sidor , C. A. , Damiani , R. and Hammer , W. R. 2008 . A new Triassic temnospondyl from Antarctica and a review of Fremouw Formation biostratigraphy . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 28 : 656 – 663 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sidor , C. A. , Steyer , J. S. and Damiani , R. 2007 . Parotosuchus (Temnospondyli: Mastodonsauridae) from the Triassic of Antarctica . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 27 : 232 – 235 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , R. M. H. and Botha , J. 2005 . The recovery of terrestrial vertebrate diversity in the South African Karoo Basin after the End-Permian extinction . Comptes Rendus Palevol , 4 : 623 – 636 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tatarinov , L. P. 1960 . [Otkrytiye psevdosukhiy v verkhney Permi SSSR] . Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal , 1960 : 74 – 80 . [Russian]
   Google Scholar
• Thulborn , R. A. 1979 . A proterosuchian thecodont from the Rewan Formation of Queensland . Memoirs of the Queensland Museum , 19 : 331 – 357 .
   Google Scholar
• Thulborn , R. A. 1985 . Early Triassic tetrapod faunas of southeastern Gondwana . Alcheringa , 10 : 297 – 313 .
   Google Scholar
• Tsuji , L. A. and Müller , J. 2008 . A re-evaluation of Parasaurus geinitzi, the first named pareiasaur (Amniota, Parareptilia) . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , 45 : 1111 – 1121 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urbanek , A. 1993 . Biotic crises in the history of Upper Silurian graptoloids: a palaeobiological model . Historical Biology , 7 : 29 – 50 .
   Google Scholar
• Vavra , C. L. 1982 . Provenance and alteration of the Triassic Fremouw and Falla Formations, central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica , Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University . Ph.D. dissertation, 178 pp
   Google Scholar
• Veevers , J. J. , Powell , C. McA. , Collinson , J. W. and Lopez-Gamundi , O. R. 1994 . “ Synthesis ” . In Permian–Triassic Pangean Basins and Foldbelts along the Panthalassan Margin of Gondwanaland , Edited by: Veevers , J. J. and Powell , C. McA. 331 – 353 . Geological Society of America Memoir 184 .
   Google Scholar
• Walker , J. D. and Geissman , J. W. 2009 . 2009 GSA geologic time scale . GSA Today , 19 ( 4 ) : 60
   Google Scholar
• Wedel , M. J. 2009 . Evidence for bird-like air sacs in saurischian dinosaurs . Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological Genetics and Physiology , 311A : 611 – 628 .
   Google Scholar
• Weinbaum , J. C. and Hungerbühler , A. 2007 . A revision of Poposaurus gracilis (Archosauria: Suchia) based on two new specimens from the Late Triassic of the southwestern U.S.A . Paläontologische Zeitschrift , 81 : 131 – 145 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welman , J. 1998 . The taxonomy of the South African proterosuchids (Reptilia, Archosauromorpha) . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 18 : 340 – 347 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu , X.-C. 1981 . [The discovery of a new thecodont from the north-east Shanxi] . Vertebrata PalAsiatica , 19 : 122 – 132 . [Chinese]
   Google Scholar
• Wu , X.-C. and Russell , A. P. 2001 . Redescription of Turfanosuchus dabanensis (Archosauriformes) and new information on its phylogenetic relationships . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 21 : 40 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , C. C. 1964 . The pseudosuchians in China . Palaeontologia Sinica , 151 : 1 – 205 . Handling editor: Johannes Müller.
   Google Scholar