241
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Memoir Articles

Craniofacial morphology of Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 19-66 | Received 22 Feb 2019, Accepted 27 Apr 2020, Published online: 18 Dec 2020

LITERATURE CITED

  • Ali, J. R., and D. W. Krause. 2011. Late Cretaceous bio-connections between Indo-Madagascar and Antarctica: refutation of the Gunnerus Ridge causeway hypothesis. Journal of Biogeography 38:1855–1872. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02546.x
  • Allen, G. W. 1964. Endolymphatic sac and cochlear aqueduct: their role in the regulation of labyrinthine pressures. Archives of Otolaryngology 79:322–327. doi: 10.1001/archotol.79.4.322
  • Anthony, R. L. F., and G. M. Iliesco. 1926. Étude sur les cavités nasales des carnassiers. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 65:989–1015. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1926.tb02230.x
  • Archer, M., P. Murray, S. Hand, and H. Godthelp. 1993. Reconsideration of monotreme relationships based on the skull and dentition of the Miocene Obdurodon dicksoni; pp. 75–94 in F. S. Szalay, M. J. Novacek, and M. C. McKenna (eds.), Mammal Phylogeny: Mesozoic Differentiation, Multituberculates, Monotremes, Early Therians, and Marsupials. Springer, New York, New York.
  • Asher, R. J. 1998. Morphological diversity of anatomical strepsirrhinism and the evolution of the lemuriform toothcomb. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 105:355–367. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199803)105:3<355::AID-AJPA5>3.0.CO;2-Q
  • Barbosa, F. H. S., H. I. Araújo-Júnior, D. Mothé, and L. S. Avilla. 2017. Osteological diseases in an extinct Notiomastodon (Mammalia, Proboscidea) population from the Late Pleistocene of Brazil. Quaternary International 443:228–232. doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2016.08.019
  • Barbosa, F. H. S., K. O. Porpino, A. B. Fragoso, and M. F. C. F. Santos. 2013. Osteomyelitis in Quaternary mammal from the Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. Quaternary International 299:90–93. doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2012.12.035
  • Bast, T. H. 1946. Development of the aquaeductus cochleae and its contained periotic duct and cochlear vein in human embryos. Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology 55:278 ­–297. doi: 10.1177/000348944605500204
  • Bemmelen, J. F. van. 1901. Der Schädelbau der Monotremen. Semon’s Zoologische Forschungsreisen in Australien. Denkschriften der medicinisch-naturwissenschaftliche Gesellschaft zu Jena 3:729–798.
  • Benoit, J., P. R. Manger, and B. S. Rubidge. 2016. Palaeoneurological clues to the evolution of defining mammalian soft tissue traits. Scientific Reports 6:25604. doi: 10.1038/srep25604
  • Benoit, J., I. Ruf, J. A. Miyamae, V. Fernandez, P. G. Rodrigues, and B. S. Rubidge. 2019. The evolution of the maxillary canal in Probainognathia (Cynodontia, Synapsida): reassessment of the homology of the infraorbital foramen in mammalian ancestors. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 27:329–348.
  • Bi, S., Y. Wang, G. Jian, S. Xia, and J. Meng. 2014. Three new Jurassic euharamiyidan species reinforce early divergence of mammals. Nature 514:579–584. doi: 10.1038/nature13718
  • Bonaparte, J. F. 1986. Sobre Mesungulatum houssayi y nuevos mamíferos Cretácicos de Patagonia, Argentina. Actas IV Congreso Argentino de Paleontologíıa y Bioestratigrafía, Mendoza, Argentina, 23–27 November 1986, 2:48–61.
  • Bonaparte, J. F., and G. W. Rougier. 1987. Mamíferos del Cretácico Inferior de Patagonia; pp. 343-359 in Actas IV Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia, 27–30 July 1987, Vol. 1.
  • Boyd, G. 1930. The emissary foramina of the cranium in man and the anthropoids. Journal of Anatomy 65:108–121.
  • Cartmill, M. 1972. Arboreal adaptations and the origin of the order Primates; pp. 97–122 in R. H. Tuttle (ed.), Functional and Evolutionary Biology of Primates. Aldine, Chicago, Illinois.
  • Clark, J. M., and J. A. Hopson. 1985. Distinctive mammal-like reptile from Mexico and its bearing on the phylogeny of the Tritylodontidae. Nature 315:398–400. doi: 10.1038/315398a0
  • Cluver, M. A. 1971. The cranial morphology of the dicynodont genus Lystrosaurus. Annals of the South African Museum 56:155–274.
  • Crompton, A. W. 1964. A preliminary description of a new mammal from the Upper Triassic of South Africa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 142:441–452. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1964.tb04508.x
  • Crompton, A. W. 1974. The dentitions and relationships of the southern African Triassic mammals, Erythrotherium parringtoni and Megazostrodon rudnerae. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 24:399–437.
  • Crompton, A. W., and F. A. Jenkins, Jr 1968 Molar occlusion in Late Triassic mammals. Biological Reviews 43:427–458.
  • Crompton, A. W., and Z.-X. Luo. 1993. Relationships of the Liassic mammals Sinoconodon, Morganucodon oehleri, and Dinnetherium; pp. 30–44 in F. S. Szalay, M. J. Novacek, and M. C. McKenna (eds.), Mammal Phylogeny: Mesozoic Differentiation, Multituberculates, Monotremes, Early Therians, and Marsupials. Springer, New York, New York.
  • Crompton, A. W., and A.-L. Sun. 1985. Cranial structure and relationships of the Liassic mammal Sinoconodon. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 85:99–119. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1985.tb01500.x
  • Crompton, A. W., T. Owerkowicz, B.-A. S. Bhullar, and C. Musinsky. 2017. Structure of the nasal region of non-mammalian cynodonts and mammaliaforms: speculations on the evolution of mammalian endothermy. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25:301–313.
  • Crompton, A.W., C. Musinsky, G. W. Rougier, B.-A. S. Bhullar, and J. A. Miyamae. 2018. Origin of the lateral wall of the mammalian skull: fossils, monotremes and therians revisited. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 25:301–313. doi: 10.1007/s10914-017-9388-7
  • Csiki-Sava, Z., M. Vremir, J. Meng, S. L. Brusatte, and M. A. Norell. 2018. Dome-headed, small-brained island mammal from the Late Cretaceous of Romania. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 115:4857–4862. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1801143115
  • Dawley, E. M., and A. H. Bass. 1988. Organization of the vomeronasal organ in a plethodontid salamander. Journal of Morphology 198:243–255. doi: 10.1002/jmor.1051980210
  • de Beer, G. R. 1929. The development of the skull of the shrew. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 217:411–480. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1929.0009
  • de Beer, G. R. 1937. The Development of the Vertebrate Skull. Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.K., 554 pp.
  • Dieulafe, L. 1906. Morphology and embryology of the nasal fossae of vertebrates. Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology 15:1–60, 267–349. doi: 10.1177/000348940601500101
  • Ekdale, E. G. 2016. The ear of mammals: from monotremes to humans; pp. 175–206 in J. A. Clack, R. R. Fay, and A. N. Popper (eds.), Evolution of the Vertebrate Ear: A Paleontological Perspective. Springer Handbook of Auditory Research 59. Springer, Cham, Switzerland.
  • Ekdale, E. G., J. D. Archibald, and A. O. Averianov. 2004. Petrosal bones of placental mammals from the Late Cretaceous of Uzbekistan. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 49:161–176.
  • Evans, H. E. 1993. Miller’s Anatomy of the Dog. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1,113 pp.
  • Evans, S. E., J. R. Groenke, M. E. H. Jones, A. H. Turner, and D. W. Krause. 2014. New material of Beelzebufo, a hyperossified frog (Amphibia: Anura) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. PLoS ONE 9:e87236. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087236
  • Fox, R. C. 2005. Microcosmodontid multituberculates (Allotheria, Mammalia) from the Paleocene and Late Cretaceous of western Canada. Palaeontographica Canadiana 23:1–109.
  • Gambaryan, P., and Z. Kielan-Jaworowska. 1995. Masticatory musculature of Asian taeniolabidoid multituberculate mammals. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 40:45–108.
  • Gaudin, T. J., and J. R. Wible. 2006. The phylogeny of living and extinct armadillos (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Cingulata): a craniodental analysis; pp. 153–198 in M. T. Carrano, T. J. Gaudin, R. W. Blob, and J. R. Wible (eds.), Amniote Paleobiology: Perspectives on the Evolution of Mammals, Birds, and Reptiles, a Volume Honoring James Allen Hopson. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
  • Goin, F. J., M. F. Tejedor, L. Chornogubsky, G. M. López, J. N. Gelfo, M. Bond, M. O. Woodburne, Y. Gurovich, and M. Reguero. 2012 Persistence of a Mesozoic, non-therian mammalian lineage (Gondwanatheria) in the mid-Paleogene of Patagonia. Naturwissenschaften 99:449–463.
  • Gow, C. E. 1986. A new skull of Megazostrodon (Mammalia, Triconodonta) from the Elliot Formation (Lower Jurassic) of southern Africa. Palaeontologia Africana 26:13–23.
  • Hahn, G. 1985. Zum Bau des Infraorbital-Foramens bei den Paulchoffatiidae (Multituberculata, Ober Jura). Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen A 60:5–27.
  • Hall, M. I., J. M. Kamilar, and E. C. Kirk. 2012. Eye shape and the nocturnal bottleneck of mammals. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279:4962–4968. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2012.2258
  • Han, G., F. Mao, S. Bi, Y. Wang, and J. Meng. 2017. A Jurassic gliding euharamiyidan mammal with an ear of five auditory bones. Nature 551:451–457. doi: 10.1038/nature24483
  • Heesy, C. P. 2003. The evolution of orbit orientation in mammals and the function of the primate postorbital bar. Ph.D. dissertation, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 258 pp.
  • Hill, W. C. O. 1955. Primates, Comparative Anatomy and Taxonomy. II. Haplorhini: Tarsioidea. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, U.K., 347 pp.
  • Hillenius, W. J. 1994. Turbinates in therapsids: evidence for Late Permian origins of mammalian endothermy. Evolution 48:207–229. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1994.tb01308.x
  • Hillenius, W. J. 2000. Septomaxilla of nonmammalian synapsids: soft-tissue correlates and a new functional interpretation. Journal of Morphology 245:29–50. doi: 10.1002/1097-4687(200007)245:1<29::AID-JMOR3>3.0.CO;2-B
  • Hillenius, W. J., and S. J. Rehorek. 1997. Harderian gland and vomeronasal organ—an ancient collaboration? American Zoologist 37:60A.
  • Hillenius, W. J., and S. J. Rehorek. 2005. From the eye to the nose: ancient orbital to vomeronasal communication in tetrapods?; pp. 228–241 in R. T. Mason, M. P. LeMaster, and D. Müller-Schwarze (eds.), Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 10. Springer, New York, New York.
  • Hoffmann, S., and E. C. Kirk. 2020. Inner ear morphology of Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 67–80 in D. W. Krause and S. Hoffmann (eds.), Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 21. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 40(2, Supplement).
  • Hoffmann, S., Y. Hu, and D. W. Krause. 2020. Postcranial morphology of Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 133–213 in D. W. Krause and S. Hoffmann (eds.), Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 21. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 40(2, Supplement).
  • Hoffmann, S., R. M. D. Beck, J. R. Wible, G. W. Rougier, and D. W. Krause. 2020. Phylogenetic placement of Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar: implications for allotherian relationships; pp. 214–235 in D. W. Krause and S. Hoffmann (eds.), Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 21. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 40(2, Supplement).
  • Hoffmann, S., P. M. O’Connor, E. C. Kirk, J. R. Wible, and D. W. Krause. 2014. Endocranial and inner ear morphology of Vintana sertichi (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 110–136 in D. W. Krause (ed.), Vintana sertichi (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 14. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34(6, Supplement).
  • Hopson, J. A. 1964. The braincase of the advanced mammal-like reptile Bienotherium. Postilla, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University 87:1–30.
  • Hopson, J. A., and G. W. Rougier. 1993. Braincase structure in the oldest known skull of a therian mammal: implications for mammalian systematics and cranial evolution. American Journal of Science 293:268–299. doi: 10.2475/ajs.293.A.268
  • Hopson, J. A., Z. Kielan-Jaworowska, and E. F. Allin. 1989. The cryptic jugal of multituberculates. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 9:201–209. doi: 10.1080/02724634.1989.10011754
  • Hou, S., and J. Meng. 2011. A new eutriconodont mammal from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota of Liaoning, China. Chinese Science Bulletin 59:546–553. doi: 10.1007/s11434-013-0088-2
  • Hu, Y., J. Meng, and J. M. Clark. 2009. A new tritylodontid from the Upper Jurassic of Xinjiang, China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54:385–391. doi: 10.4202/app.2008.0053
  • Hu, Y., J. Meng, C. Li, and Y. Wang. 2010. New basal eutherian mammal from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota, Liaoning, China. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277:229–236. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2009.0203
  • Hu, Y., J. Meng, Y. Wang, and C. Li. 2005. Large Mesozoic mammals fed on young dinosaurs. Nature 433:149–152. doi: 10.1038/nature03102
  • Hu, Y., Y. Wang, Z.-X. Luo, and C. Li. 1997. A new symmetrodont mammal from China and its implications for mammalian evolution. Nature 390:137–142. doi: 10.1038/36505
  • Hurum, J. H. 1994. Snout and orbit of Cretaceous Asian multituberculates studied by serial sections. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 39:181–221.
  • Hurum, J. H. 1998. The braincase of two Late Cretaceous Asian multituberculates studied by serial sections. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 43:21–52.
  • Huttenlocker, A. K., D. M. Grossnickle, J. I. Kirkland, J. A. Schultz, and Z.-X. Luo. 2018. Late surviving stem mammal links the lowermost Cretaceous of North America and Gondwana. Nature 558:108–112. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0126-y
  • Jasinoski, S. C., M. A. Cluver, A. Chinsamy, and B. D. Reddy. 2014. Anatomical plasticity in the snout of Lystrosaurus; pp. 139–149 in C. F. Kammerer, K. D. Angielczyk, and J. Fröbisch (eds.), Early Evolutionary History of the Synapsida. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
  • Jenkins, F. A., Jr., and F. R. S. Parrington. 1976. The postcranial skeletons of the Triassic mammals Eozostrodon, Megazostrodon, and Erythrotherium. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 273:387–431.
  • Jenkins, F. A., Jr., and C. R. Schaff. 1988. The Early Cretaceous mammal Gobiconodon (Mammalia, Triconodonta) from the Cloverly Formation in Montana. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 8:1–24. doi: 10.1080/02724634.1988.10011681
  • Jenkins, F. A., Jr., S. M. Gatesy, N. H. Shubin, and W. W. Amaral. 1997. Haramiyids and Triassic mammalian evolution. Nature 385:715–718. doi: 10.1038/385715a0
  • Ji, Q., Z.-X. Luo, X. Zhang, C.-X. Yuan, and L. Xu. 2009. Evolutionary development of the middle ear in Mesozoic therian mammals. Science 326:278–281. doi: 10.1126/science.1178501
  • Kammerer, C. F., K. D. Angielczyk, and J. Fröbisch. 2015. Redescription of the geikiid Pelanomodon (Therapsida, Dicynodontia), with a reconsideration of ‘Propelanomodon.’ Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36:e1030408
  • Kay, R. F., and E. C. Kirk. 2000. Osteological evidence for the evolution of activity pattern and visual acuity in primates. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 113:235–262. doi: 10.1002/1096-8644(200010)113:2<235::AID-AJPA7>3.0.CO;2-9
  • Kemp, T. S. 1969. On the functional morphology of the gorgonopsid skull. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 256:1–83. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1969.0036
  • Kemp, T. S. 1983. The relationships of mammals. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 77:353–384. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1983.tb00859.x
  • Kemp, T. S. 2009. The endocranial cavity of a nonmammalian eucynodont, Chiniquodon theotenicus, and its implications for the origin of the mammalian brain. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29:1188–1198. doi: 10.1671/039.029.0430
  • Kermack, K. A. 1963. The cranial structure of triconodonts. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 246:83–102. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1963.0002
  • Kermack, K. A. 1967. The interrelations of early mammals. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 47:241–249. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1967.tb01407.x
  • Kermack, K. A., and Z. Kielan-Jaworowska. 1971. Therian and non-therian mammals; pp. 103–115 in D. M. Kermack and K. A. Kermack (eds), Early Mammals. Academic Press, London, U.K.
  • Kermack, K. A., F. L. S. Mussett, and H. W. Rigney. 1981. The skull of Morganucodon. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 71:1–158. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1981.tb01127.x
  • Kesteven, H. L., and H. C. Furst. 1929. The skull of Ornithorhynchus, its later development and adult features. Journal of Anatomy 63:447–472.
  • Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. 1970. New Upper Cretaceous multituberculate genera from Bayn Dzak, Gobi Desert. Results of the Polish-Mongolian Palaeontological Expeditions. Part II. Palaeontologia Polonica 21:35–49.
  • Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. 1971. Results of the Polish-Mongolian Palaeontological Expeditions. Part III. Skull structure and affinities of the Multituberculata. Palaeontologia Polonica 25:5–41.
  • Kielan-Jaworowska, Z., R. L. Cifelli, and Z.-X. Luo. 2004. Mammals from the Age of Dinosaurs: Origins, Evolution, and Structure. Columbia University Press, New York, New York, 630 pp.
  • Kielan-Jaworowska, Z., J. H. Hurum, and A. V. Lopatin. 2005. Skull structure in Catopsbaatar and the zygomatic ridges in multituberculate mammals. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50:487–512.
  • Kielan-Jaworowska, Z., R. Presley, and C. Poplin. 1986. The cranial vascular system in taeniolabidoid multituberculate mammals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 313:525–602. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1986.0055
  • Kirk, E. C. 2003. Evolution of the primate visual system. Ph.D. dissertation, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 340 pp.
  • Kirk, E. C. 2006. Eye morphology in cathemeral lemurids and other mammals. Folia Primatologica 77:27–49. doi: 10.1159/000089694
  • Kirk, E. C., S. Hoffmann, A. D. Kemp, D. W. Krause, and P. M. O’Connor. 2014. Sensory anatomy and sensory ecology of Vintana sertichi (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 203–222 in D. W. Krause (ed.), Vintana sertichi (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 14. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34(6, Supplement).
  • Krause, D. W. 2014a. Vintana sertichi (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 14. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34(6, Supplement), 222 pp.
  • Krause, D. W. 2014b. Dental morphology of Vintana sertichi (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 137–165 in D. W. Krause (ed.), Vintana sertichi (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 14. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34(6, Supplement).
  • Krause, D. W., M. D. Gottfried, P. M. O’Connor, and E. M. Roberts. 2003. A Cretaceous mammal from Tanzania. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 48:321–330.
  • Krause, D. W., S. Hoffmann, J. R. Wible, and G. W. Rougier. 2020. Lower jaw morphology of Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 81–96 in D. W. Krause and S. Hoffmann (eds.), Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 21. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 40(2, Supplement).
  • Krause, D. W., J. R. Groenke, R. R. Rogers, S. Hoffmann, and L. J. Rahantarisoa. 2020. Introduction to Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 4–18 in D. W. Krause and S. Hoffmann (eds.), Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 21. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 40(2, Supplement).
  • Krause, D. W., J. J. W. Sertich, P. M. O’Connor, K. Curry Rogers, and R. R. Rogers. 2019. The Mesozoic biogeographic history of Gondwanan terrestrial vertebrates: insights from Madagascar’s fossil record. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 47:519–553. doi: 10.1146/annurev-earth-053018-060051
  • Krause, D. W., J. R. Wible, S. Hoffmann, J. R. Groenke, P. M. O’Connor, W. L. Holloway, and J. B. Rossie. 2014a. Craniofacial morphology of Vintana sertichi (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 14–109 in D. W. Krause (ed.), Vintana sertichi (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 14. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34(6, Supplement).
  • Krause, D. W., Y. Hu, S. Hoffmann, J. R. Groenke, J. A. Schultz, A. R. Evans, W. von Koenigswald, and G. W. Rougier. 2020. Dental morphology of Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 97–132 in D. W. Krause and S. Hoffmann (eds.), Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 21. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 40(2, Supplement).
  • Krause, D. W., S. Hoffmann, Y. Hu, J. R. Wible, G. W. Rougier, E. C. Kirk, J. R. Groenke, R. R. Rogers, J. B. Rossie, J. A. Schultz, A. R. Evans, W. von Koenigswald, and L. J. Rahantarisoa. 2020. Skeleton of Cretaceous gondwanatherian mammal from Madagascar reflects long-term insularity. Nature 581:421–427. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2234-8
  • Krause, D. W., S. Hoffmann, J. R. Wible, E. C. Kirk, J. A. Schultz, W. von Koenigswald, J. R. Groenke, J. B. Rossie, P. M. O’Connor, E. R. Seiffert, E. R. Dumont, W. L. Holloway, R. R. Rogers, L. J. Rahantarisoa, A. D. Kemp, and H. Andriamialison. 2014b. First cranial remains of gondwanatherian mammal reveal remarkable mosaicism. Nature 515:512–517. doi: 10.1038/nature13922
  • Kuhn, H.-J., and U. Zeller. 1987. The cavum epiptericum in monotremes and therian mammals; pp. 50–70 in H.-J. Kuhn and U. Zeller (eds.), Morphogenesis of the Mammalian Skull. Mammalia Depicta 13. Paul Parey, Hamburg, Germany.
  • Kühne, W. G. 1956. The Liassic Therapsid Oligokyphus. British Museum (Natural History), London, U.K., 149 pp.
  • Ladevèze, S., C. de Muizon, M. Colbert, and T. Smith. 2010. 3D computational imaging of the petrosal of a new multituberculate mammal from the Late Cretaceous of China and its paleobiologic inferences. Comptes Rendus Palevol 9:319–330. doi: 10.1016/j.crpv.2010.07.008
  • Li, C., Y. Wang, Y. Hu, and J. Meng. 2003. A new species of Gobiconodon (Triconodonta, Mammalia) and its implication for the age of the Jehol Biota. Chinese Science Bulletin 48:1129–1134.
  • Li, J., Y. Wang, Y. Wang, and C. Li. 2001. A new family of primitive mammal from the Mesozoic of western Liaoning, China. Chinese Science Bulletin 46:782–785. doi: 10.1007/BF03187223
  • Lillegraven, J. A., and G. Krusat. 1991. Cranio-mandibular anatomy of Haldanodon exspectatus (Docodonta; Mammalia) from the Late Jurassic of Portugal and its implications to the evolution of mammalian characters. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 28:39–138.
  • Lucas, S. G., and Z.-X. Luo. 1993. Adelobasileus from the Upper Triassic of West Texas: the oldest mammal. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13:309–334. doi: 10.1080/02724634.1993.10011512
  • Luo, Z.-X. 2001. The inner ear and its bony housing in tritylodontids and implications for evolution of the mammalian ear. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University 156:81–97.
  • Luo, Z.-X., A. W. Crompton, and A.-L. Sun. 2001. A new mammaliaform from the Early Jurassic and evolution of mammalian characteristics. Science 292:1535–1540. doi: 10.1126/science.1058476
  • Luo, Z.-X., I. Ruf, and T. Martin. 2012. The petrosal and inner ear of the Late Jurassic cladotherian mammal Dryolestes leiriensis and implications for ear evolution in therian mammals. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 166:433–463. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00852.x
  • Luo, Z.-X., P. Chen, G. Li, and M. Chen. 2007. A new eutriconodont mammal and evolutionary development in early mammals. Nature 446:288–293. doi: 10.1038/nature05627
  • Luo, Z.-X., S. M. Gatesy, F. A. Jenkins, Jr., W. W. Amaral, and N. H. Shubin. 2015. Mandibular and dental characteristics of Late Triassic mammaliaform Haramiyavia and their ramifications for basal mammal evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 112:E7101–E7109. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1519387112
  • Luo, Z.-X., Q.-J. Meng, D. M. Grossnickle, D. Liu, A. I. Neander, Y.-G. Zhang, and Q. Ji. 2017. New evidence for mammaliaform ear evolution and feeding adaptation in a Jurassic ecosystem. Nature 548:326–329. doi: 10.1038/nature23483
  • Macrini, T. E. 2012. Comparative morphology of the internal nasal skeleton of adult marsupials based on X-ray computed tomography. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 365:1–95. doi: 10.1206/365.1
  • Maier, W. 1980. Nasal structures in Old and New World primates; pp. 219–241 in R. Ciochon and A. B. Chiarelli (eds.), Evolutionary Biology of New World Monkeys and Continental Drift. Plenum, New York.
  • Mao, F.-Y., and J. Meng. 2019a. A new haramiyidan mammal from the Jurassic Yanliao Biota and comparisons with other haramiyidans. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 186:529–552. doi: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zly088
  • Mao, F.-Y., and J. Meng. 2019b. Tooth microwear and occlusal modes of euharamiyidans from the Jurassic Yanliao Biota reveal mosaic tooth evolution in Mesozoic allotherian mammals. Palaeontology 62:639–660. doi: 10.1111/pala.12421
  • Mao, F.-Y., Y. Hu, C. Li, Y. Wang, M. Hill Chase, A. K. Smith, and J. Meng. 2020. Integrated hearing and chewing modules decoupled in a Cretaceous stem therian mammal. Science 367:305–308. doi: 10.1126/science.aay9220
  • Martin, T., J. Marugán-Lobón, R. Vullo, H. Martín-Abad, Z.-X. Luo, and A. D. Buscalioni. 2015. A Cretaceous eutriconodont and integument evolution in early mammals. Nature 526:380–385. doi: 10.1038/nature14905
  • Martinelli, A. G., and G. W. Rougier. 2010. On Chaliminia musteloides (Eucynodontia: Trithelodontidae) from the Late Triassic of Argentina, and a phylogeny of Ictidosauria. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27:442–460. doi: 10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[442:OCMETF]2.0.CO;2
  • Meng, J., Y. Wang, and C. Li. 2011. Transitional mammalian middle ear from a new Cretaceous Jehol eutriconodont. Nature 472:181–185. doi: 10.1038/nature09921
  • Meng, J., S. Bi, X. Zheng, and X. Wang. 2018. Ear ossicle morphology of the Jurassic euharamiyidan Arboroharamiya and evolution of the mammalian middle ear. Journal of Morphology 279:441–457. doi: 10.1002/jmor.20565
  • Meng, J., Y. Hu, Y. Wang, and C. Li. 2003. The ossified Meckel’s cartilage and internal groove in Mesozoic mammaliaforms: implications to origin of the definitive mammalian middle ear. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 138:431–448. doi: 10.1046/j.1096-3642.2003.00064.x
  • Meng, Q.-J., Q. Ji, Y.-G. Zhang, D. Liu, D. M. Grossnickle, and Z.-X. Luo. 2015. An arboreal docodont from the Jurassic and mammaliaform ecological diversification. Science 347:764–768. doi: 10.1126/science.1260879
  • Meng, Q.-J., D. M. Grossnickle, D. Liu, Y.-G. Zhang, A. I. Neander, Q. Ji, and Z.-X. Luo. 2017. New gliding mammaliaforms from the Jurassic. Nature 548:291–296. doi: 10.1038/nature23476
  • Miao, D. 1988. Skull morphology of Lambdopsalis bulla (Mammalia, Multituberculata) and its implications to mammalian evolution. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming. Special Paper 4:1–104.
  • Moore, W. J. 1981. The Mammalian Skull. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., 369 pp.
  • Mortazavi, M. M., S. Riech, K. Verma, M. M. Shoja, A. Zurada, B. Benninger, M. Loukas, and A. A. Cohen Gadol. 2012. Anatomy and pathology of the cranial emissary veins; a review with surgical implications. Neurosurgery 70:1312–1319. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e31824388f8
  • Muchlinski, M. N. 2008. Ecological and morphological correlates of infraorbital foramen size and its paleoecological implications. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 327 pp.
  • Muchlinski, M. N. 2010. A comparative analysis of vibrissa count and infraorbital foramen area in primates and other mammals. Journal of Human Evolution 58:447–473. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2010.01.012
  • Musser, A. M., and M. Archer. 1998. New information about the skull and dentary of the Miocene platypus Obdurodon dicksoni, and a discussion of ornithorhynchid relationships. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 353:1063–1079. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1998.0266
  • Negus, V. 1958. The Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses. E. & S. Livingstone, London, U.K., 402 pp.
  • Novacek, M. J. 1993. Patterns of diversity in the mammalian skull; pp. 438–545 in J. Hanken and B. K. Hall (eds.), The Skull, Volume 2: Patterns of Structural and Systematic Diversity. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
  • Nowak, R. M. (ed.). 1991. Walker’s Mammals of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1, 629 pp.
  • O’Connor, P. M., D. W. Krause, N. J. Stevens, J. R. Groenke, R. D. E. MacPhee, D. C. Kalthoff, and E. M. Roberts. 2019. A new mammal from the Turonian–Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) Galula Formation, southwestern Tanzania. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 64:65–84.
  • Osborn, H. F. 1887a. A pineal eye in the Mesozoic Mammalia. Science 9:92.
  • Osborn, H. F. 1887b. No parietal foramen in Tritylodon. Science 9:538.
  • Owen, R. 1884. On the skull and dentition of a Triassic mammal (Tritylodon longaevus, Owen) from South Africa. The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 40:146–152. doi: 10.1144/GSL.JGS.1884.40.01-04.07
  • Panciroli, E., S. Walsh, N. C. Fraser, S. L. Brusatte, and I. Corfe. 2017. A reassessment of the postcanine dentition and systematics of the tritylodontid Stereognathus (Cynodontia, Tritylodontidae, Mammaliamorpha), from the Middle Jurassic of the United Kingdom. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37:e1351448.
  • Patterson, B., and E. C. Olson. 1961. A triconodontid mammal from the Triassic of Yunnan; pp. 129–191 in G. Vandebroek (ed.), International Colloquium on the Evolution of Lower and Non-specialized Mammals. Koninklijke Vlaamse Academie voor Wetenschappen, Letteren en Schone Kunsten van Belgie, Brussels, Belgium.
  • Paulli, S. 1900. Über die Pneumaticität des Schädel bei den Säugetieren. Eine Morphologische Studie. I. Über die Morphologie des Siebbeins und die Pneumaticität bei den Monotremen und den Marsupialiern. II. Über die Morphologie des Siebbeins und die Pneumaticität bei den Ungulaten und Proboscidien. III. Über die Morphologie des Siebbeins und die Pneumaticität bei den Insectivoren, Hyracoideen, Chiropteren, Carnivoren, Pinnipedien, Edentaten, Rodentiern, Prosimien und Primaten, nebst einer zusammenfassenden übersicht über die Morphologie des Siebbeins und die Pneumaticität des Schädels bei den Säugetieren. Gegenbaurs Morphologisches Jahrbuch 28:147–178, 179–251, 483–564.
  • Poran, N. S, A. Vandoros, and M. Halpern. 1993. Nuzzling in the gray short-tailed opossum I: delivery of odors to vomeronasal organ. Physiology & Behavior 53:959–967. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(93)90275-K
  • Pratt, C. W. M. 1948. The morphology of the ethmoidal region of Sphenodon and lizards. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 118:171–201. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1948.tb00372.x
  • Romer, A. S., and L. W. Price. 1940. Review of the Pelycosauria. Special Papers of the Geological Society of America 28:1–538. doi: 10.1130/SPE28-p1
  • Ross, C. F., and E. C. Kirk. 2007. Evolution of eye size and shape in primates. Journal of Human Evolution 52:294–313. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.09.006
  • Rossie, J. B. 2005. Anatomy of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in Aegyptopithecus and early Miocene African catarrhines. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 126:250–267. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.20139
  • Rossie, J. B. 2006. Ontogeny and homology of the paranasal sinuses in Platyrrhini (Mammalia: Primates). Journal of Morphology 267:1–40. doi: 10.1002/jmor.10263
  • Rossie, J. B., and T. D. Smith. 2007. Ontogeny of the nasolacrimal duct in primates: functional and phylogenetic implications. Journal of Anatomy 210:195–208. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00682.x
  • Rougier, G. W. 1993. Vincelestes neuquenianus Bonaparte (Mammalia, Theria) un primitivo mamífero del Cretácico Inferior de la Cuenca Neuquina. Ph.D. dissertation, Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 720 pp.
  • Rougier, G. W., and J. R. Wible. 2006. Major changes in the ear region and basicranium of early mammals; pp. 269–311 in M. T. Carrano, T. J. Gaudin, R.W. Blob, and J. R. Wible (eds.), Amniote Paleobiology: Perspectives on the Evolution of Mammals, Birds, and Reptiles, a Volume Honoring James Allen Hopson. Chicago University Press, Chicago, Illinois.
  • Rougier, G. W., S. Apesteguía, and L. C. Gaetano. 2011. Highly specialized mammalian skulls from the Late Cretaceous of South America. Nature 479:98–102. doi: 10.1038/nature10591
  • Rougier, G. W., J. Qiang, and M. J. Novacek. 2003. A new symmetrodont mammal with fur impressions from the Mesozoic of China. Acta Geologica Sinica 77:7–14. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-6724.2003.tb00104.x
  • Rougier, G. W., J. R. Wible, and J. A. Hopson. 1992. Reconstruction of the cranial vessels in the Early Cretaceous mammal Vincelestes neuquenianus: implications for the evolution of the mammalian cranial vascular system. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 12:188–216. doi: 10.1080/02724634.1992.10011449
  • Rougier, G. W., J. R. Wible, and J. A. Hopson. 1996. Basicranial anatomy of Priacodon fruitaensis (Triconodontidae, Mammalia) from the Late Jurassic of Colorado, and a reappraisal of mammaliaform interrelationships. American Museum Novitates 3183:1–38.
  • Rougier, G. W., J. R. Wible, and M. J. Novacek. 1997. Nasal and endocranial morphology of Late Cretaceous multituberculates from Ukhaa Tolgod, Mongolia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13(3, Supplement):72A.
  • Rougier, G. W., A. M. Forasiepi, R. V. Hill, and M. J. Novacek. 2009. New mammalian remains from the Late Cretaceous La Colonia Formation, Patagonia, Argentina. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54:195–212. doi: 10.4202/app.2006.0026
  • Rougier, G. W., M. J. Novacek, M. C. McKenna, and J. R. Wible. 2001. Gobiconodonts from the Early Cretaceous of Oshih (Ashile), Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 3348:1–30. doi: 10.1206/0003-0082(2001)348<0001:GFTECO>2.0.CO;2
  • Rougier, G. W., J. R Wible, R. M. D. Beck, and S. Apesteguía. 2012. The Miocene mammal Necrolestes demonstrates the survival of a Mesozoic nontherian lineage into the late Cenozoic of South America. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109:20053–20058. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1212997109
  • Rougier, G. W., A. S. Sheth, B. K. Spurlin, M. Bolortsetseg, and M. J. Novacek. 2016. Craniodental anatomy of a new Late Cretaceous multituberculate mammal from Udan Sayr, Mongolia. Palaeontologia Polonica 67:197–248.
  • Rowe, T. B. 2017. The emergence of mammals; pp. 1–52 in J. Kaas (ed.), Evolution of Nervous Systems. Elsevier, Oxford, U.K.
  • Rowe, T. B., and G. M. Shepherd. 2016. Role of ortho-retronasal olfaction in mammalian cortical evolution. Journal of Comparative Neurology 524:471–495. doi: 10.1002/cne.23802
  • Rowe, T. B., T. E. Macrini, and Z.-X. Luo. 2011. Fossil evidence on origin of the mammalian brain. Science 332:955–957. doi: 10.1126/science.1203117
  • Ruf, I., Z.-X. Luo, J. R. Wible, and T. Martin. 2009. Petrosal anatomy and inner ear structures of the Late Jurassic Henkelotherium (Mammalia, Cladotheria, Dryolestoidea): insight into the early evolution of the ear region in cladotherian mammals. Journal of Anatomy 214:679–693. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01059.x
  • Ruf, I., W. Maier, P. G. Rodrigues, and C. L. Schultz. 2014. Nasal anatomy of the non-mammaliaform cynodont Brasilitherium riograndensis (Eucynodontia, Therapsida) reveals new insight into mammalian evolution. The Anatomical Record 297:2018–2030. doi: 10.1002/ar.23022
  • Schilling, A. 1970. L'organe de Jacobson du lémurien malgache Microcebus murinus (Miller, 1907). Mémoires du Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle (Serie A) 61:203–280.
  • Schultz, J. A., U. Zeller, and Z.-X. Luo. 2017. Inner ear labyrinth anatomy of monotremes and implications for mammalian inner ear evolution. Journal of Morphology 278:236–263. doi: 10.1002/jmor.20632
  • Schultz, J. A., D. W. Krause, W. von Koenigswald, and E. R. Dumont. 2014. Dental function and diet of Vintana sertichi (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 182–202 in D. W. Krause (ed.), Vintana sertichi (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 14. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34(6, Supplement).
  • Sigurdsen, T. 2006. New features of the snout and orbit of a therocephalian therapsid from South Africa. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 51:63–75.
  • Simon, R. V. 2013. Cranial osteology of the long-beaked echidna, and the definition, diagnosis, and origin of Monotremata and its major subclades. M.Sc. thesis, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 348 pp.
  • Simpson, G. G. 1928. A Catalogue of the Mesozoic Mammalia in the Geological Department of the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London, U.K., 215 pp.
  • Simpson, G. G. 1933. The ear region and foramina of the cynodont skull. American Journal of Science 262:285–294. doi: 10.2475/ajs.s5-26.153.285
  • Simpson, G. G. 1937. Skull structure of the Multituberculata. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 73:727–763.
  • Sloan, R. E. 1979. Multituberculata; pp. 492–498 in R. W. Fairbridge and D. Jablonski (eds.), The Encyclopedia of Paleontology. Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, Stroudsberg, Pennsylvania.
  • Smith, T. D., and J. B. Rossie. 2006. Primate olfaction: anatomy and evolution; pp. 135–166 in W. Brewer, D. Castle, and C. Pantelis (eds.), Olfaction and the Brain: Window to the Mind. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.
  • Sues, H. 1986. The skull and dentition of two tritylodontid synapsids from the Lower Jurassic of western North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University 151:217–268.
  • Sun, A.-L. 1984. Skull morphology of the tritylodont genus Bienotheroides of Sichuan. Scientia Sinica 27:970–984.
  • Vega-Dias, C., and C. L. Schultz. 2004. Postcranial material of Jachaleria candelariensis Araújo and Gonzaga 1980 (Therapsida, Dicynodontia), Upper Triassic of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. PaleoBios 24:7–31.
  • Velazco, P. M., A. J. Buczek, and M. J. Novacek. 2017. Two new tritylodontids (Synapsida, Cynodontia, Mammaliamorpha) from the Upper Jurassic, southwestern Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 3874:1–35. doi: 10.1206/3874.1
  • Wallace, R. W. S. 2018. A new close mammal relative and the origin and evolution of the mammalian central nervous system. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 228 pp.
  • Wang, Y., Y. Hu, J. Meng, and C. Li. 2001. An ossified Meckel’s cartilage in two Cretaceous mammals and origin of the mammalian middle ear. Science 294:357–361. doi: 10.1126/science.1063830
  • Watson, D. M. S. 1914. The Deinocephalia, an order of mammal-like reptiles. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1914:749–786. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1914.tb07061.x
  • Watson, D. M. S. 1916. The monotreme skull: a contribution to mammalian morphogenesis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 207:311–374. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1916.0007
  • Wible, J. R. 2003. On the cranial osteology of the short-tailed opossum Monodelphis brevicaudata (Didelphidae, Marsupialia). Annals of Carnegie Museum 72:137–202.
  • Wible, J. R., and J. A. Hopson. 1993. Basicranial evidence for early mammal phylogeny; pp. 45–62 in F. S. Szalay, M. J. Novacek, and M. C. McKenna (eds.), Mammal Phylogeny: Mesozoic Differentiation, Multituberculates, Monotremes, Early Therians, and Marsupials. Springer, New York.
  • Wible, J. R., and G. W. Rougier. 2000. Cranial anatomy of Kryptobaatar dashzevegi (Mammalia, Multituberculata), and its bearing on the evolution of mammalian characters. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 247:1–124. doi: 10.1206/0003-0090(2000)247<0001:CAOKDM>2.0.CO;2
  • Wible, J. R., and G. W. Rougier. 2017. Craniomandibular anatomy of the subterranean meridiolestidan Necrolestes patagonensis Ameghino, 1891 (Mammalia, Cladotheria) from the early Miocene of Patagonia. Annals of Carnegie Museum 84:183–252. doi: 10.2992/007.084.0302
  • Wible, J. R., D. Miao, and J. A. Hopson. 1990. The septomaxilla of fossil and recent synapsids and the problem of the septomaxilla of monotremes and armadillos. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 98:203–228. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1990.tb01207.x
  • Wible, J. R., M. J. Novacek, and G. W. Rougier. 2004. New data on the skull and dentition of the Mongolian Late Cretaceous eutherian mammal Zalambdalestes. Bulletin of the American Museum Natural History 281:1–144. doi: 10.1206/0003-0090(2004)281<0001:NDOTSA>2.0.CO;2
  • Wible, J. R., S. L. Shelley, and S. Bi. 2019. New genus and species of djadochtatheriid multituberculate (Allotheria, Mammalia) from the Upper Cretaceous Bayan Mandahu Formation of Inner Mongolia. Annals of Carnegie Museum 85:285–327. doi: 10.2992/007.085.0401
  • Wible, J. R., G. W. Rougier, M. J. Novacek, and M. C. McKenna. 2001. Earliest eutherian ear region: a petrosal referred to Prokennalestes from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 3322:1–44. doi: 10.1206/0003-0082(2001)322<0001:EEERAP>2.0.CO;2
  • Witmer, L. M. 1995. Homology of facial structures in extant archosaurs (birds and crocodilians), with special reference to paranasal pneumaticity and nasal conchae. Journal of Morphology 225:269–327. doi: 10.1002/jmor.1052250304
  • Witmer, L. M. 1997. Craniofacial air sinus systems; pp. 151–159 in P. J. Currie and K. Padian (eds.), Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press, New York, New York.
  • Wöhrmann-Repenning, A. 1980. The relationship between Jacobson’s organ and the oral cavity in a rodent. Zoologischer Anzeiger 204:391–399.
  • Wöhrmann-Repenning, A., and M. Bergmann. 2001. The vomeronasal complex in strepsirhine primates and Tarsius. Mammalian Biology 66:257–258.
  • Zeller, U. 1985. Die Ontogenese und Morphologie der Fenestra rotunda und des Aquaeductus cochleae von Tupaia und anderen Säugern. Gegenbaurs Morphologisches Jahrbuch 131:179–204.
  • Zeller, U. 1989. Die Entwicklung und Morphologie des Schädels von Ornithorhynchus anatinus (Mammalia: Prototheria: Monotremata). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 545:1–188.
  • Zeller, U., J. R. Wible, and M. Elsner. 1993. New ontogenetic evidence on the septomaxilla of Tamandua and Choloepus (Mammalia, Xenarthra), with a reevaluation of the problem of the mammalian septomaxilla. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 1:31–46. doi: 10.1007/BF01027598
  • Zheng, X., S. Bi, X. Wang, and J. Meng. 2013. A new arboreal haramiyid shows the diversity of crown mammals in the Jurassic period. Nature 500:199–202. doi: 10.1038/nature12353
  • Zhou, C.-F., S. Wu, T. Martin, and Z.-X. Luo. 2013. A Jurassic mammaliaform and the earliest mammalian evolutionary adaptations. Nature 500:163–167. doi: 10.1038/nature12429

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.