Publication Cover
Sociological Spectrum
Mid-South Sociological Association
Volume 40, 2020 - Issue 5
689
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Responses to bullying among high-school students through the lens of general strain theory

ORCID Icon

References

  • Agnew, Robert. 1992. “Foundation for a General Strain Theory of Crime and Delinquency.” Criminology 30 (1):47–88. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1992.tb01093.x
  • Agnew, Robert. 2001. “Building on the Foundation of General Strain Theory: Specifying the Types of Strain Most Likely to Lead to Crime and Delinquency.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 38(4):319–61. doi:10.1177/0022427801038004001.
  • Agnew, Robert. 2006. “General Strain Theory: Current Status and Directions for Further Research.” Taking Stock: The Status of Criminological Theory 15:101–23.
  • Agnew, Robert. 2013. “When Criminal Coping is Likely: An Extension of General Strain Theory.” Deviant Behavior 34 (8):653–70. doi:10.1080/01639625.2013.766529
  • Agnew, Robert. 2016. “General Strain Theory.” In Preventing Crime and Violence, edited by B. Teasdale, and M. S. Bradley. New York: Springer International Publishing.
  • Agnew, Robert, Timothy Brezina, John Paul Wright, and Francis T. Cullen. 2002. “Strain, Personality Traits, and Delinquency: Extending General Strain Theory.” Criminology 40 (1):43–72. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2002.tb00949.x
  • Archer, John and Sarah M. Coyne. 2005. “An Integrated Review of Indirect, Relational, and Social Aggression.” Personality and Social Psychology Review: An Official Journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc. 9(3):212–30. doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0903_2.
  • Blackhart, Ginette C., Roy F. Baumeister, and Jean M. Twenge. 2006. Pp. 237–53 in Rejection's Impact on Self-Defeating, Prosocial, Antisocial, and Self-Regulatory Behaviors. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Baumeister, Roy F. and Mark R. Leary. 1995. “The Need to Belong: Desire for Interpersonal Attachments as a Fundamental Human Motivation.” Psychological Bulletin 117(3):497–529. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497.
  • Beall, Alec T., and Jessica L. Tracy. 2017. “Emotivational Psychology: How Distinct Emotions Facilitate Fundamental Motives.” Social and Personality Psychology Compass 11 (2):e12303. doi:10.1111/spc3.12303
  • Branje, Susan J. T., Tom Frijns, Catrin Finkenauer, Rutger Engels, and W. I. M. Meeus. 2007. “You Are my Best Friend: Commitment and Stability in Adolescents’ Same-Sex Friendships.” Personal Relationships 14(4):587–603. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2007.00173.x.
  • Broidy, Lisa and Robert Agnew. 1997. “Gender and Crime: A General Strain Theory Perspective.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 34(3):275–306. doi:10.1177/0022427897034003001.
  • Card, Noel A., Brian D. Stucky, Gita M. Sawalani, and Todd D. Little. 2008. “Direct and Indirect Aggression during Childhood and Adolescence: A Meta-analytic Review of Gender Differences, Intercorrelations, and Relations to Maladjustment.” Child Development 79(5):1185–229. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2008.01184.x.
  • Crick, Nicki R., and Jennifer K. Grotpeter. 1996. “Children's Treatment by Peers: Victims of Relational and Overt Aggression.” Development and Psychopathology 8 (2):367–80. doi:10.1017/S0954579400007148
  • Crick, Nicki R., and Jennifer K. Grotpeter. 1995. “Relational Aggression, Gender, and Social-Psychological Adjustment.” Child Development 66(3):710–22. doi:10.2307/1131945.
  • Cullen, Francis T. 1994. “Social Support as an Organizing Concept for Criminology: Presidential Address to the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences.” Justice Quarterly 11(4):527–559. doi:10.1080/07418829400092421.
  • Cullen, Francis T., James D. Unnever, Jennifer L. Hartman, Michael G. Turner, and Robert Agnew. 2008. “Gender, Bullying Victimization, and Juvenile Delinquency: A Test of General Strain Theory.” Victims & Offenders 3(4):346–64. doi:10.1080/15564880802338468.
  • Farrington, David P. and Maria M. Ttofi. 2011. “Bullying as a Predictor of Offending, Violence and Later Life Outcomes.” Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health: CBMH 21(2):90–98. doi:10.1002/cbm.801.
  • Gottfredson, Michael R. and Travis Hirschi. 1990. A General Theory of Crime. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Gruber, James E. and Susan Fineran. 2008. “Comparing the Impact of Bullying and Sexual Harassment Victimization on the Mental and Physical Health of Adolescents.” Sex Roles 59(1–2):1–13. doi:10.1007/s11199-008-9431-5.
  • Hay, Carter and Ryan Meldrum. 2010. “Bullying Victimization and Adolescent Self-Harm: Testing Hypotheses from General Strain Theory.” Journal of Youth and Adolescence 39(5):446–59. doi:10.1007/s10964-009-9502-0.
  • Hay, Carter, Ryan Meldrum, and Karen Mann. 2010. “Traditional Bullying, Cyber Bullying, and Deviance: A General Strain Theory Approach.” Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 26(2):130–47. doi:10.1177/1043986209359557.
  • Hinduja, Sameer, and Justin W. Patchin. 2014. Bullying beyond the Schoolyard: Preventing and Responding to Cyberbullying. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
  • Iffland, Benjamin, Lisa Margareta Sansen, Claudia Catani, and Frank Neuner. 2014. “The Trauma of Peer Abuse: Effects of Relational Peer Victimization and Social Anxiety Disorder on Physiological and Affective Reactions to Social Exclusion.” Frontiers in Psychiatry 5: 26. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00026.
  • Jang, Hyunseok, Juyoung Song, and Ramhee Kim. 2014. “Does the Offline Bully-Victimization Influence Cyberbullying Behavior among Youths? Application of General Strain Theory.” Computers in Human Behavior 31:85–93. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.007
  • Keith, Shelley. 2018. “How Do Traditional Bullying and Cyberbullying Victimization Affect Fear and Coping among Students? An Application of General Strain Theory.” American Journal of Criminal Justice 43(1):67–118. doi:10.1007/s12103-017-9411-9.
  • Kowalski, Robin M. and Susan P. Limber. 2007. “Electronic Bullying among Middle School Students.” The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine 41(6 Suppl 1):S22–30. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.08.017.
  • Kowalski, Robin M., Susan P. Limber, and Patricia W. Agatston. 2008. Cyber Bullying: Bullying in the Digital World. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Leary, Mark R., Robin M. Kowalski, Laura Smith, and Stephen Phillips. 2003. “Teasing, Rejection, and Violence: Case Studies of the School Shootings.” Aggressive Behavior 29(3):202–14. doi:10.1002/ab.10061.
  • MacDonald, Geoff Ed. and Lauri A. Jensen-Campbell. 2011. Social Pain: Neuropsychological and Health Implications of Loss and Exclusion. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Mehari, Krista R. and Albert D. Farrell. 2018. “Where Does Cyberbullying Fit? A Comparison of Competing Models of Adolescent Aggression.” Psychology of Violence 8(1):31–42. doi:10.1037/vio0000081.
  • Moon, Byongook and Merry Morash. 2017. “Gender and General Strain Theory: A Comparison of Strains, Mediating, and Moderating Effects Explaining Three Types of Delinquency.” Youth & Society 49(4):484–504. doi:10.1177/0044118X14541877.
  • Moon, Byongook, Merry Morash, Cynthia Perez McCluskey, and Hye-Won Hwang. 2009. “A Comprehensive Test of General Strain Theory: Key Strains, Situational-and Trait-Based Negative Emotions, Conditioning Factors, and Delinquency.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 46(2):182–212. doi:10.1177/0022427808330873.
  • Musu-Gillette, Lauren, Anlan Zhang, Ke Wang, Jizhi Zhang, and Barbara A. Oudekerk. 2017. “Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2016.” National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved May 2017 (nces.ed.gov/pubs2017/2017064.pdf).
  • Nelson, Helen J., Garth E. Kendall, Sharyn K. Burns, and Kimberly A. Schonert-Reichl. 2017. “A Scoping Review of Self-Report Measures of Aggression and Bullying for Use with Preadolescent Children.” The Journal of School Nursing: The Official Publication of the National Association of School Nurses 33(1):53–63. doi:10.1177/1059840516679709.
  • Olweus, Dan. 1991. “Bully/Victim Problems among Schoolchildren: Basic Facts and Effects of a School Based Intervention Program.” The Development and Treatment of Childhood Aggression 17:411–48.
  • Patchin, Justin W. and Sameer Hinduja. 2011. “Traditional and Nontraditional Bullying among Youth: A Test of General Strain Theory.” Youth & Society 43(2):727–751. doi:10.1177/0044118X10366951.
  • Reijntjes, Albert, Sander Thomaes, Brad J. Bushman, Paul A. Boelen, Bram Orobio de Castro, and Michael J. Telch. 2010. “The Outcast-Lash-Out Effect in Youth: Alienation Increases Aggression following Peer Rejection.” Psychological Science 21(10):1394–8. doi:10.1177/0956797610381509.
  • Richman, Laura S. and Mark R. Leary. 2009. “Reactions to Discrimination, Stigmatization, Ostracism, and Other Forms of Interpersonal Rejection: A Multimotive Model.” Psychological Review 116(2):365–83. doi:10.1037/a0015250.
  • Rodkin, Philip C., Dorothy L. Espelage, and Laura D. Hanish. 2015. “A Relational Framework for Understanding Bullying: Developmental Antecedents and Outcomes.” The American Psychologist 70(4):311–21. doi:10.1037/a0038658.
  • Rusbult, Caryl E. 1980. “Commitment and Satisfaction in Romantic Associations: A Test of the Investment Model.” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 16(2):172–86. doi:10.1016/0022-1031(80)90007-4.
  • Rusbult, Caryl E. 1983. “A Longitudinal Test of the Investment Model: The Development (and Deterioration) of Satisfaction and Commitment in Heterosexual Involvements.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 45(1):101–17. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.45.1.101.
  • Rusbult, Caryl E., John M. Martz, and Christopher R. Agnew. 1998. “The Investment Model Scale: Measuring Commitment Level, Satisfaction Level, Quality of Alternatives, and Investment Size.” Personal Relationships 5(4):357–87. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.1998.tb00177.x.
  • Simmons, Rachel. 2002. Odd Girl out: The Hidden Culture of Aggression in Girls. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
  • Sommer, Friederike, Vincenz Leuschner, and Herbert Scheithauer. 2014. “Bullying, Romantic Rejection, and Conflicts with Teachers: The Crucial Role of Social Dynamics in the Development of School Shootings – A Systematic Review.” International Journal of Developmental Science 8(1–2):3–24. doi:10.3233/DEV-140129.
  • Stets, Jan E., and Jonathan H. Turner, eds. 2014. Handbook of the Sociology of Emotions. Vol. 2. New York: Springer.
  • Stubbs-Richardson, Megan, H. Colleen Sinclair, Rebecca M. Goldberg, Chelsea N. Ellithorpe, and Suzanne C. Amadi. 2018. “Reaching out versus Lashing out: Examining Gender Differences in Experiences with and Responses to Bullying in High School.” American Journal of Criminal Justice 43(1):39–68. doi:10.1007/s12103-017-9408-4.
  • Vaillancourt, Tracy, Shelley Hymel, and Patricia McDougall. 2003. “Bullying is Power: Implications for School-Based Intervention Strategies.” Journal of Applied School Psychology 19(2):157–76. doi:10.1300/J008v19n02_10.
  • Vaillancourt, Tracy, P. McDougal Clinton, L. Schmidt, and Shelley Hymel. 2009. “The Neurobiology of Peer Victimization and Rejection.” Pp. 293 in Handbook of Bullying in Schools: An International Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Vossekuil, Bryan, Robert A. Fein, Marisa Reddy, Randy Borum, and William Modzeleski. 2002. The Final Report and Findings of the Safe School Initiative. Washington, DC: US Secret Service and Department of Education.
  • Wang, Jing, Ronald J. Iannotti, and Tonja R. Nansel. 2009. “School Bullying among Adolescents in the United States: Physical, Verbal, Relational, and Cyber.” The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine 45(4):368–75. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.03.021.
  • Williams, Kipling D. and Steve A. Nida. 2009. “Is Ostracism Worse than Bullying.” Pp. 279–96 in Bullying, Rejection, and Peer Victimization: A Social Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective, edited by Monica J. Harris. New York: Springer.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.