A review of vegetation indices

References

• Aase , J. K. , Siddoway , F. H. and Millard , J. P. 1984 . Spring wheat leaf phytomass and yield estimates from airborne scanner and hand‐held radiometer measurements . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 5 : 771 – 781 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anys , H. 1991 . “ Utilisation des données de télédétection dans un système d'information géographique pour l'étude de l'érosion hydrique du bassin versant d'oued Aricha, (Settat, Maroc) ” . 100 Sherbrooke, Québec, , Canada : Mémoire de maîtrise en télédétection, Département de géographie et télédétection, Université de Sherbrooke .
   Google Scholar
• Ashburn , P. . The vegetative index number and crop identification . The LACIE Symposium, Proceedings of the Technical Session . Houston, TX, USA. Volume II , pp. 843 – 856 .
   Google Scholar
• Asrar , G. , Fuchs , M. , Kanemasu , E. T. and Hatfield , J. L. 1984 . Estimating absorbed photosynthetic radiation and leaf area index from spectral reflectance in wheat . Agron. Journal , 76 : 300 – 306 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asrar , G. , Kanemasu , E. T. and Yoshida , M. 1985 . Estimates of leaf area index from spectral reflectance of wheat under different cultural practices and solar angle . Remote Sensing of Environment , 17 : 1 – 11 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badhwar , G. D. . The Use of Parameters to Separate and Identify Spring Small Grains . Quarterly Technical Interchange Meeting, NASA‐JSC . Houston, TX, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Bannari , A. , Morin , D. and He , D. C. . High spatial and spectral resolution remote sensing for the management of the urban environment . First International Airborne Remote Sensing Conference and Exhibition . Strasbourg, France. vol. III , pp. 247 – 260 .
   Google Scholar
• Bannari , A. , Huete , A. R. , Morin , D. and Zagolski , F. . Effets de la couleur et de la brillance du sol sur les indices de végétation . 17th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing . Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. (accepted)
   Google Scholar
• Baret , F. 1986 . “ Contribution au suivi radiométrique de cultures de céréales ” . 182 France : Université Paris‐Sud Orsay . Thèse de Doctorat
   Google Scholar
• Baret , F. and Guyot , G. 1991 . Potentials and limits of vegetation indices for LAI and APAR assessment . Remote Sensing of Environment , 35 : 161 – 173 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baret , F. , Guyot , G. , Begue , A. , Morel , P. and Podaire , A. 1986 . “ Etude de la complémentarité du moyen infrarouge avec le visible et le proche infrarouge pour le suivi de la végétation ” . In Spectral Signatures of Objects in Remote Sensing 409 – 412 . Les Arcs, , France
   Google Scholar
• Baret , F. , Guyot , G. , Teres , J. M. and Rigal , D. . Profil spectral et estimation de la biomasse . Proceedings of the 4th International Colloquium on Spectral Signatures of Objects in Remote Sensing . Aussois, France. pp. 93 – 98 .
   Google Scholar
• Baret , F. , Guyot , G. and Major , D. J. . TSAVI: A vegetation index which minimizes soil brightness effects on LAI and APAR estimation . Proceedings of the 12th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing . Vancouver, Canada. pp. 1355 – 1358 .
   Google Scholar
• Baret , F. , Guyot , G. and Major , D. J. 1989b . Crop biomass evaluation using radiometric measurements . Photogrammetria (PRS) , 43 : 241 – 256 .
   Google Scholar
• Baret , F. , Jacquemoud , S. and Hanocq , J. F. 1993 . The soil line concept in remote sensing . Remote Sensing Reviews , 7 (1) : 65 – 82 .
   Google Scholar
• Bariou , R. , Lecamus , D. and Henaff , F. 1985a . “ Indices de végétation ” . 80 Rennes, , France : Centre régional de télédétection, Université de Rennes 2 . Dossiers de télédétection
   Google Scholar
• Bariou , R. , Lecamus , D. and Henaff , F. 1985b . “ Réponse spectrale des végétaux ” . 71 Rennes, , France : Centre régional de télédétection, Université de Rennes 2 . Dossiers de télédétection
   Google Scholar
• Bonn , F. and Rochon , G. 1992 . Précis de télédétection , 485 AUPELF‐UREF .
   Google Scholar
• Bonn , F. , Charbonneau , L. and Brochu , R. 1989 . “ Analyse de l'utilisation du sol à partir des données SPOT et TM: aspects méthodologiques ” . In Télédétection en francophonie , 83 – 92 . Paris, , France : AUPELF‐UREF .
   Google Scholar
• Bullock , P. R. 1992 . Operational estimates of western Canadian grain production using NOAA‐AVHRR LAC data . Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing , 18 (1) : 23 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• Campbell , J. B. 1987 . Introduction to Remote Sensing , 551 New York, , USA : The Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Chamard , P. , Courel , M. F. , Ducousso , M. , Guénégou , M. C. , Le Rhun , J. , Levasseur , J. E. , Loisel , C. and Togola , M. 1991 . “ Utilisation des bandes spectrales du vert et du rouge pour une meilleure évaluation des formations végétales actives ” . In Télédétection et Cartographie , 203 – 209 . AUPELF‐UREF .
   Google Scholar
• Chance , J. E. 1981 . Crop identification and leaf area index calculation with Landsat multispectral data . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 2 : 1 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Clevers , J. P. W. 1986 . The application of a vegetation index in correcting the infrared reflectance for soil background . International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Balkema, Rotterdam, Boston , 26 (1) : 221 – 226 .
   Google Scholar
• C.N.E.S. 1976 . “ Problèmes associés à l'orbite ” . In Centre national d'études spatiales 20 Toulouse, , France
   Google Scholar
• Collet , K. P. and Abednego , B. 1987 . L'évaluation d'un paysage urbain étudié à l'aide d'un indice de végétation. Télédétection satellitaire et espace urbain . Société géographique de Liège Belgique, notes de recherches , 9 : 3 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Colwell , J. E. . Grass canopy bidirectional reflectance . Proceedings of 9th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of the Environment . Ann Arbor, USA. pp. 1061 – 1065 .
   Google Scholar
• Colwell , R. N. , ed. 1983 . Manual of Remote Sensing , 2nd edition , 2440 Falls Church, Virginia, , USA : American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing .
   Google Scholar
• Crist , E. P. and Cicone , R. C. 1984 . Application of the tasseled cap concept to simulated thematic mapper data . Photogrammetric. Eng. and Remote Sensing , 50 : 343 – 352 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cyr , L. 1993 . “ Apport des indices de végétation pour l'évaluation de la couverture du sol en vue d'une modélisation spatiale de l'érosioa Mémoire de maítrise en télédétection ” . 160 Sherbrooke (Québec), , Canada : Département de géographie et télédétection, Université de Sherbrooke .
   Google Scholar
• Deblonde , G. and Cihlar , J. 1993 . A multiyear analysis of the relationship between surface environmental variables and NDVI over the Canadian landmass . Remote Sensing Reviews , 7 : 151 – 177 .
   Google Scholar
• Deering , D. W. , Rouse , J. W. , Haas , R. H. and Schell , H. H. . Measuring “forage production” of grazing units from Landsat‐MSS data . Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Remote Sensing of the Environment . pp. 1169 – 1198 . Ann Arbor, Michigan, , USA : ERIM .
   Google Scholar
• Elvidge , C. D. and Lyon , J. P. 1985 . Influence of rock‐soil spectral variation on the assessment of green biomass . Remote Sensing of Environment , 17 : 265 – 279 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Escadafal , R. 1989a . Remote sensing of arid soil surface color with Landsat Thematic Mapper . Adv Space Res. , 9 (1) : 1159 – 1163 .
   Google Scholar
• Escadafal , R. 1989b . “ Caractérisation de la surface des sols arides par observations de terrain et par télédétection ” . 317 Paris, , France : Université de Paris VI . Thèse de Doctorat d'Etat
   Google Scholar
• Escadafal , R. 1993 . Remote sensing of soil color: principles and applications . Remote Sensing Reviews , 7 : 261 – 279 .
   Google Scholar
• Escadafal , R. and Huete , A. R. 1991 . Étude des propriétés spectrales des sols arides appliquée à l'amélioration des indices de végétation obtenus par télédétection . CR Acad. Sci. Paris , 312 (2) : 1385 – 1391 .
   Google Scholar
• Escadafal , R. , Girard , M. C. and Courault , D. 1989 . Munsell soil color and soil reflectance in the visible spectral bands of Landsat MSS and TM data . Remote Sensing of Environment , 27 : 37 – 46 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Escadafal , R. , Huete , A. R. and Post , D. . Estimating soil spectral properties (visible and NIR) from color and roughness field data . Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment . Bangkok, Thailand.
   Google Scholar
• Forster , B. 1983 . Some Urban Measurements from Landsat data . Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , 49 : 1693 – 1707 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franklin , J. and Turner , L. 1992 . The applications of a geometric optical canopy reflectance model to semiarid shrub vegetatioa . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 30 : 293 – 301 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser , R. S. and Kaufman , Y. J. 1985 . The relative importance of scattering and absorption in remote sensing . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 23 : 625 – 633 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freiberger , W. F. , ed. 1960 . The International Dictionary of Applied Mathematics 412 Van Nostrand, Princeton, NJ
   Google Scholar
• Gond , V. and Phulpin , T. 1990 . Analyse des variations temporelles du NDVI à partir d'un radiomètre aéroporté à haute résolution . Bulletin de la Société Française de Photogrammétrie et Télédétection , 120 : 27 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Guyot , G. 1984 . Caractérisation spectrale des couverts végétaux dans le visible et le proche infrarouge; application à la télédétection . Bulletin de la Société Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection , 95 (3) : 5 – 22 .
   Google Scholar
• Guyot , G. 1989 . Signatures spectrales des surfaces naturelles , 165 Paradigme, Caen, , France : Télédétection satellitaire . tome 5
   Google Scholar
• Guyot , G. and Baret , F. . Utilisation de la haute résolution spectrale pour suivre l'état des couverts végétaux . Proceedings of the 4th International Colloquium on Spectral Signatures of Objects in Remote Sensing . Aussois, France. pp. 279 – 286 .
   Google Scholar
• Guyot , G. and Baret , F. 1989 . La haute résolution spectrale . Comptes rendus du óème Congrès de l'Association Québécoise de Télédétection , : 197 – 209 .
   Google Scholar
• Hay , C. M. , Kuretz , C. A. , Odenweller , J. B. , Scheffner , E. J. and Wood , B. 1979 . “ Development of AI procedures for dealing with the effects of episodal events on crop temporal spectral response ” . 9 – 14565 . AgRISTARS SR‐B9–00434, Contract NASA
   Google Scholar
• Heilman , J. L. and Kress , M. R. 1987 . Effects of vegetation on spectral irradiance at the soil surface . Agron. Journal , 79 : 765 – 768 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holben , B. N. 1986 . Characteristics of maximum‐value composite images from temporal AVHRR data . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 7 : 1417 – 1434 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holben , B. N. and Justice , C. O. 1981 . An examination of spectral band ratioing to reduce the topographic effect on remotely sensed data . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 2 : 115 – 133 .
   Google Scholar
• Holben , B. N. and Fraser , R. S. 1984 . Red and near‐infrared sensor response to off‐nadir viewing . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 5 : 145 – 160 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holben , B. N. , Kimes , D. and Fraser , R. S. 1986 . Directional reflectance response in AVHRR red and near‐infrared bands for three cover types and varying atmospheric conditions . Remote Sensing of Environment , 19 : 213 – 236 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holben , B. N. , Kaufman , Y.J. and Kendall , J. D. 1990 . NOAA‐11 AVHRR visible and near‐IR inflight calibration . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 11 (8) : 1511 – 1519 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huete , A. R. 1984 . “ Soil spectral effects on vegetation discriminatioa ” . 208 USA : Department of Soils, Water and Engineering; University of Arizona . Ph. D. Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Huete , A. R. 1985 . Spectral response of a plant canopy with different soil backgrounds . Remote Sensing of Environment , 17 : 37 – 53 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huete , A. R. 1987 . Soil and sun angle interactions on partial canopy spectra . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 8 : 1307 – 1317 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huete , A. R. 1988 . A soil‐adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) . Remote Sensing of Environment , 25 : 295 – 309 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huete , A. R. 1989 . “ Soil influences in remotely sensed vegetation‐canopy spectra ” . In Theory and Applications of Optical Remote Sensing , Edited by: Asrar , G. 107 – 141 . Washington, , USA : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Huete , A. R. and Jackson , R. D. 1987 . Suitability of spectral indices for evaluating vegetation characteristics on arid rangelands . Remote Sensing of Environment , 23 : 213 – 232 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huete , A. R. and Tucker , C. J. 1991 . Investigation of soil influences in AVHRR red and near‐infrared vegetation index imagery . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 12 (6) : 1223 – 1242 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huete , A. R. , Post , D. F. and Jackson , R. D. 1984 . Soil spectral effects on 4‐space vegetation discrimination . Remote Sensing of Environment , 15 : 155 – 165 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huete , A. R. , Jackson , R. D. and Post , D.E. 1985 . Spectral response of a plant canopy with different soil backgrounds . Remote Sensing of Environment , 17 : 37 – 53 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , R. D. 1983 . Spectral indices in n‐space . Remote Sensing of Environment , 13 : 409 – 421 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , R.D. 1986 . Spectral response of architecturally different wheat canopies . Remote Sensing of Environment , 20 : 43 – 56 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , R. D. and Huete , A. R. 1991 . Interpreting vegetation indices . Preventive Veterinary Medicine , 11 : 185 – 200 . Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , R. D. , Pinter , P. J. , Idso , S. B. and Reginato , R. J. 1979 . Wheat spectral reflectance: interaction between crop configuration, sun elevation and azimuth angle . Applied Optics , 18 : 3730 – 3732 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , R. D. , Pinter , P. J. , Paul , J. , Reginato , R.J. , Robert , J. and Idso , S. B. 1980 . Hand‐held radiometry. Agricultural Reviews and Manuals ARM‐W‐19 , Oakland, California : U.S. Department of Agriculture, Science and Education Administration .
   Google Scholar
• Jackson , R. D. , Slater , P. N. and Pinter , P. J. 1983a . Discrimination of growth and water stress in wheat by various vegetation indices through clear and turbid atmospheres . Remote Sensing of Environment , 13 : 187 – 208 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , R. D. , Slater , P. N. and Pinter , P. J. 1983b . Adjusting the tasselled‐cap brightness and greenness factors for atmospheric path radiance and absorption on a pixel by pixel basis . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 4 (2) : 313 – 323 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , R. D. , Pinter , P. J. , Paul , J. and Reginato , R. J. 1985 . Net radiation calculated from remote multispectral and ground station meteorological data . Agric. For. Meteorol. , 35 : 153 – 164 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufman , Y. J. 1984 . Atmospheric effects on remote sensing of surface reflectance . SPIE Remote Sensing , 475 : 20 – 33 .
   Google Scholar
• Kaufman , Y. J. 1988 . Atmospheric effects on spectral signature measurements and corrections . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 26 (4) : 441 – 450 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufman , Y. J. and Sendra , C. 1988 . Algorithm for automatic atmospheric corrections to visible and near‐IR satellite imagery . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 9 (8) : 1357 – 1381 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufman , Y. J. and Tanré , D. 1992 . Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index (ARVI) for EOS‐MODIS . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 30 (2) : 261 – 270 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufman , Y. J. and Holben , B. N. 1993 . Calibration of the AVHRR visible and near‐IR bands by atmospheric scattering, ocean glint and desert reflection . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 14 (1) : 21 – 52 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kauth , R. J. and Thomas , G. S. . The tasselled cap—a graphic description of the spectral‐temporal development of agricultural crops as seen by Landsat . Procs. Symposium on Machine Processing of Remotely Sensed Data . pp. 41 – 51 . West Lafayette, Indiana : Purdue University .
   Google Scholar
• Kauth , R. J. , Lambeck , P. F. , Richardson , W. , Thomas , G. S. and Pentland , A. P. . Feature extraction applied to agricultural crops as seen by Landsat . Proceedings of the LACIE Symposium Johnson Space Center (NASA) . Houston, Texas, USA. pp. 705 – 721 .
   Google Scholar
• Kerr , Y. H. , Imbernon , J. , Dedieu , G. , Hautecoeur , O. , Lagouarde , J. and Seguin , B. 1989 . NOAA AVHRR and its uses for rainfall and evapotranspiration monitoring . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 10 : 847 – 854 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kollenkark , J. C. , Vanderbilt , V. C. , Bauer , M. E. and Housley , T. L. 1982 . Effect of cultural practices on agronomic and reflectance characteristics for soil brightness . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 11 (5) : 751 – 758 .
   Google Scholar
• Kong , X. N. and Madjar , D. V. 1988 . Effet de la résolution spatiale sur des propriétés statistiques des images satellites: une étude de cas . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 9 (8) : 1315 – 1328 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lautenschlager , L. F. and Perry , G. R. 1981a . “ An empirical, graphical and analytical study of the relationship between vegetation indices ” . Edited by: Lyndon. B. Johnson Space Center . Houston, Texas, , USA : (NASA) .
   Google Scholar
• Lautenschlager , L. F. and Perry , C. R. . Comparison of vegetation indices based on satellite‐acquired spectral data. American Statistical Association . Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods . pp. 77 – 82 . Michigan, , USA
   Google Scholar
• Lee , T. Y. and Kaufman , Y. J. 1986 . Non‐lambertian effects on remote sensing and vegetation index . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , GE‐24 : 699 – 707 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Major , D. J. , Baret , F. and Guyot , G. 1990 . A ratio vegetation index adjusted for soil brightness . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 11 (5) : 727 – 740 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNairn , H. and Protz , R. 1993 . Mapping corn residue cover on agricultural fields in Oxford County, Ontario, using Thematic Mapper . Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing , 19 (2) : 152 – 159 .
   Google Scholar
• Misra , P. N. , Wheeler , S. G. and Oliver , R. E. 1977 . “ Kauth‐Thomas brigthness and greenness axes ” . 23 – 46 . Contract NASA 9–14350, RES
   Google Scholar
• Nicholson , S. E. , Davenport , M. L. and Malo , A. D. 1990 . A comparison of the vegetation response to rainfall in the Sahel and East Africa, using NDVI from NOAA AVHRR . Climate Change , 17 : 209 – 214 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson , R. L. and Miller , L. D. . Remote mapping of standing crop biomass for estimation of the productivity of the shortgrass prairie, Pawnee National Grasslands, Colorado . Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of the Environment . Vol. II , pp. 1355 – 1379 .
   Google Scholar
• Perry , C. R. and Lautenschlager , L. F. 1984 . Functional equivalence of spectral vegetation indices . Remote Sensing of Environment , 14 : 169 – 182 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinty , B. and Verstraete , M. M. 1992a . GEMI: a non‐linear index to monitor global vegetation from satellites . Vegetatio , 101 : 15 – 20 .
   Google Scholar
• Pinty , B. and Verstraete , M. M. 1992b . On the design and validation of surface bidirectional reflectance and albedo models . Remote Sensing of the Environment , 41 : 155 – 167 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pitts , D. E. , McAllum , W. E. and Dillinger , A. E. . The effect of atmospheric water vapor on automatic classification of ERTS data . Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Remote Sensing of the Environment . Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. pp. 483 – 497 . ERIM .
   Google Scholar
• Price , J. C. 1987 . Calibration of satellite radiometers and comparison of vegetation indices . Remote Sensing of Environment , 21 : 15 – 27 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prince , S. D. and Tucker , C. J. 1986 . Satellite remote sensing of rangelands in Botswana. II. NOAA AVHRR and herbaceous vegetation . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 7 : 1555 – 1570 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plummer , S. E. , North , P. R. and Briggs , S. A. . The angular vegetation index: an atmospherically resistant index for the second along track scanning radiometer (ATSR‐2) . Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium Physical Measurements and Signatures in Remote Sensing . Val d'Isère, France.
   Google Scholar
• Qi , J. 1993 . “ Compositing multitemporal remote sensing data ” . 200 Arizona, , USA : Department of Soil and Water Science, University of Arizona . Ph.D dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Qi , J. , Moran , M. S. , Huete , A. R. , Jackson , R. D. and Chehbouni , A. . View‐atmosphere‐soil effect on vegetation indices derived from SPOT images . Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium Physical Measurements and Signatures in Remote Sensing . Courchevel, France. Vol. 2 , pp. 785 – 790 .
   Google Scholar
• Qi , J. , Huete , A. R. , Moran , M. S. , Chehbouni , A. and Jackson , R. D. 1993 . Interpretation of vegetation indices derived from multi‐temporal SPOT images . Remote Sensing of Environment , 44 : 89 – 101 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qi , J. , Chehbouni , A. , Huete , A.R. , Kerr , Y.H. and Sorooshian , S. 1994 . A modified soil adjusted vegetation index . Remote Sensing of Environment , 47 : 1 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao , V. R. , Brach , E. J. and Mack , A. R. 1979 . Bidirectional reflectance of crops and the soil contribution . Remote Sensing of Environment , 8 : 115 – 125 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richardson , A. J. and Wiegand , C. L. 1977 . Distinguishing vegetation from soil background information . Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , 43 (12) : 1541 – 1552 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouquet , M. C. 1984 . “ Correction de l'influence de l'atmosphère sur des données acquises en télédétection des ressources terrestres ” . 113 France : Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosphérique, Université des sciences et techniques de Lille . Thèse de Doctorat
   Google Scholar
• Rouse , J. W. 1972 . Monitoring the vernal advancement and retrogradation (Greenwave effect) of natural vegetatioa NASA/GSFCT Type I Report Greenbelt, MD, , USA
   Google Scholar
• Rouse , J. W. 1973 . Monitoring the vernal advancement and retrogradation of natural vegetation , NASA/GSFCT Type II Report Greenbelt, MD, , USA
   Google Scholar
• Rouse , J. W. , Haas , R. W. , Schell , J. A. , Deering , D. W. and Harlan , J. C. 1974 . Monitoring the vernal advancement and retrogradation (Greenwave effect) of natural vegetatioa , NASA/GSFCT Type III Final Report Greenbelt, MD, , USA
   Google Scholar
• Sellers , P. J. 1985 . Canopy reflectance, photosynthesis and transpiration . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 6 : 1335 – 1372 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slater , P. N. 1980 . Remote Sensing: Optics and Optical Systems , Reading, MA, , USA : Addison‐Wesley .
   Google Scholar
• Suits , G. H. 1972 . The calculation of the directional reflectance of a vegetation canopy . Remote Sensing of Environment , 2 : 117 – 125 .
   Google Scholar
• Tanré , D. 1982 . “ Interaction rayonnement‐aérosols: applications à la télédétection et au calcul du bilan radiatif ” . 258 France : Laboratoire d'optique atmosphérique, Université des sciences et techniques de Lille . Thèse de Doctorat d'État
   Google Scholar
• Tanré , D. , Deroo , C. , Dahaut , P. , Herman , M. and Morcrette , J. J. . Effets atmosphériques en télédétection, logiciel de simulation du signal satellitaire dans le spectre solaire . Proceedings of the 3rd International Colloquium on Spectral Signatures of Objects in Remote Sensing . Les Arcs, France. pp. 315 – 319 .
   Google Scholar
• Teillet , P. M. , Staenz , K. and Williams , D. J. . Effects of spectral and spatial resolution on NDVI . Canada Centre for Remote Sensing . Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. pp. 10
   Google Scholar
• Thompson , D. R. and Wehmanen , O. A. 1980 . Using Landsat digital data to detect moisture stress in corn‐soybean growing regions . Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , 46 : 1087 – 1093 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Townshend , J. R. G. and Justice , C. O. 1986 . Analysis of the dynamics of African vegetation using the normalized difference vegetation index . Internationaljournal of Remote Sensing , 7 : 1435 – 1445 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker , C. J. 1979 . Red and photographic infrared linear combinations for monitoring vegetation . Remote Sensing of Environment , 8 : 127 – 150 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker , C. J. and Miller , L. D. 1977 . Soil spectra contributions to grass canopy spectral reflectance . Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , 43 (6) : 721 – 726 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker , C. J. and Sellers , P. J. 1986 . Satellite remote sensing of primary production . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 7 : 1395 – 1416 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verstraete , M. M. and Pinty , B. 1991 . The potential contribution of satellite remote sensing to the understanding of arid land processes . Vegetatio , 91 : 59 – 72 .
   Google Scholar
• Wheeler , S. G. , Misra , P. N. and Holmes , A. Q. . Linear dimensionality of Landsat agricultural data with implications for classifications . Proceedings of the Symposium on Machine Processing of Remotely Sensed Data . Indiana : LARS, Purdue University .
   Google Scholar
• Wiegand , C. L. and Richardson , A. J. 1982 . “ Comparisons among a new soil index and other 2 and 4 dimensional vegetation indices ” . In Technical papers of the American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 210 – 227 . Denver, CO, , USA
   Google Scholar
• Yazdani , R. , Ryerson , A. R. and Derenyi , E. . Vegetation change detection in an area—a simple approach for use with geo‐data base . Proceedings of the 7th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing . Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. pp. 88 – 92 .
   Google Scholar