Photo- and electro-catalysis for solar disinfection of Escherichia coli-contaminated water using Ag–TiO₂/graphite

References

• Acra , A , Karahgopalan , Y , Raffout , Z and Dajani , R . 1980 . Disinfection of oral dehydration solutions by sunlight . The Lancet , 11 : 1257 – 8 .
   Google Scholar
• Anpo , M , Shima , T , Kodama , S and Kubokawa , Y . 1987 . Photocatalytic hydrogenation of propyne with water on small-particle titania size quantization effects and reaction intermediates . Journal of Physical Chemistry , 91 : 4305 – 10 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belapurkar , AD , Sherkane , P and Kale , SP . 2006 . Disinfection of drinking water using photocatalytic technique . Current Science , 91 : 73 – 6 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blake , DM , Maness , PC , Huang , Z , Wolfrum , EJ , Huang , J and Jacoby , WA . 1999 . Application of the photocatalytic chemistry of titanium dioxide to disinfection and the killing of cancer cells . Separation & Purification Reviews , 28 : 1 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyle , M , Sichel , C , Fernandez-Ibanez , P , Arias-Quiroz , GB , Iriarte-Puna , M , Mercado , A , Ubomba-Jaswa , E and Mc Guigan , KG . 2008 . Bactericidal effect of solar water disinfection under real sunlight conditions . Applied & Environmental Microbiology , 74 : 2997 – 3001 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butterfield , IM , Christensen , PA , Curtis , TP and Gunlazuardi , J . 1997 . Water disinfection using an immobilized titanium dioxide film in a photochemical reactor with electric field enhancement . Water Research , 31 : 675 – 7 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensen , PA , Curtis , TP , Egerton , TA , Kosa , SAM and Tinlin , JR . 2003 . Photoelectrocatalytic and photocatalytic disinfection of E. coli suspensions by titanium dioxide . Applied Catalysis B: Environmental , 41 : 371 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunlop , PSM , Byrne , JA , Manga , N and Eggins , BR . 2002 . The photocatalytic removal of bacterial pollutants from drinking water . Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry , 148 : 355 – 63 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Egerton , TA , Kosa , SAM and Christensen , PA . 2006 . Photoelectrocatalytic disinfection of E. coli suspensions by iron doped TiO2 . Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics , 8 : 398 – 406 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galvez , JB , Fernandez-Ibanez , P and Malato-Rodriguez , S . 2007 . Solar photocatalytic detoxification and disinfection of water: Recent overview . Journal of Solar Energy Engineering , 129 : 4 – 15 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammer , N , Kvande , I , Xu , X , Gunnarsson , V , Tøtdal , B , Chen , D and Rønning , M . 2007 . Au–TiO2 catalysts on carbon nanofibres prepared by deposition-precipitation and from colloid solutions . Catalysis Today , 123 : 245 – 56 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harper , JC , Christensen , PA , Egerton , TA , Curtis , TP and Gunlazuardi , J . 2001 . Effect of catalyst type on the kinetics of the photoelectrochemical disinfection of water inoculated with E. coli . Journal of Applied Electrochemistry , 31 : 623 – 8 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He , C , Xiong , Y , Zha , C , Wang , X and Zhu , X . 2003 . Approach to a pulse photoelectrocatalytic process for the degradation of organic pollutants . Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology , 78 : 717 – 23 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann , MR , Martin , ST , Choi , W and Bahnemann , DW . 1995 . Environmental application of semiconductor photocatalysis . Chemical Reviews , 95 : 69 – 96 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kripke , ML , Cox , PA , Alas , LG and Yarosh , DB . 1992 . Pyrimidine dimers in DNA initiate systemic suppression in UV-irradiated mice . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA , 89 : 7516 – 20 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li , Y , Ma , M , Wang , X and Wang , X . 2008 . Inactivated properties of activated carbon-supported TiO2 nanoparticles for bacteria and kinetic study . Journal of Environmental Sciences , 20 : 1527 – 33 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maness , PC , Smolinski , S , Blake , DM , Huang , Z , Wolfrum , EJ and Jacoby , WA . 1999 . Bactericidal activity of photocatalytic TiO2 reaction: Toward an understanding of its killing mechanism . Applied and Environmental Microbiology , 65 : 4094 – 8 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsunaga , T , Tomodo , R , Nakajima , T and Wake , H . 1985 . Photoelectrochemical sterilization of microbial cells by semiconductor powders . FEMS Microbiology Letters , 29 : 211 – 14 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGuigan , KG , Joyce , TM , Conroy , RM , Gillespie , JB and Elmore-Meegan , M . 1998 . Solar disinfection of drinking water contained in transparent plastic bottles: characterizing the bacterial inactivation process . Journal of Applied Microbiology , 84 : 1138 – 48 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mills , A and Le Hunte , S . 1997 . An overview of semiconductor photocatalysis . Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry , 108 : 1 – 35 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peak , MJ and Peak , JG . 1982 . Single-strand breaks induced in Bacillus subtilis DNA by ultraviolet light: Action spectrum and properties . Photochemistry and Photobiology , 35 : 675 – 80 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peak , MJ , Peak , JG , Moehring , MP and Webs , RB . 1984 . Ultraviolet action spectra for DNA dimer induction, lethality, and mutagenesis in Escherichia coli with emphasis on the UVB region . Photochemistry and Photobiology , 40 : 613 – 20 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahmawati , F , Kusumaningsih , T , Hapsari , AM and Hastuti , A . 2010 . Ag and Cu loaded on TiO2/graphite as a catalyst for Escherichia coli-contaminated water disinfection . Chemical Papers , 64 : 557 – 65 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahmawati , F , Wahyuningsih , S and Windu , PA . 2006 . Synthesis of thin film of TiO2 on graphite substrate by chemical bath deposition . Indonesian Journal of Chemistry , 6 : 121 – 6 .
   Google Scholar
• Rincón , AG , Pulgarin , C , Alder , N and Peringer , P . 2001 . Interaction between E . coli inactivation and DBP-precursors – dihydroxybenzene isomers – in the photocatalytic process of drinking-water disinfection with TiO₂ . Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry , 139 : 233 – 41 .
   Google Scholar
• Rivera , AP , Tanaka , K and Hisanaga , T . 1993 . Photocatalytic degradation of pollutant over TiO2 in different crystal structures . Applied Catalysis B: Environmental , 3 : 37 – 44 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semenec , L , Wang , S , Ukpabi , G and Zarubina , N . 2007 . Effect of tryptophan and phthalate on the germicidal activity of ultraviolet- A radiation in solar water disinfection . Journal of Experimental Microbiology and Immunology , 11 : 47 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Sharrer , MJ , Summerfelt , ST , Bullock , GL , Gleason , LE and Taeuber , J . 2005 . Inactivation of bacteria using ultraviolet irradiation in a recirculating salmonid culture system . Aquacultural Engineering , 33 : 135 – 49 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stein , B , Rahmsdorf , HJ , Steffen , A , Litfin , M and Herrlich , P . 1989 . UV- induced DNA damage is an intermediate step in a UV-induced expression of human immunodeficiency virus type I, collagenase, c-fos, and metallothionein . Molecular and Cellular Biology , 9 : 5169 – 81 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei , C , Lin , WY , Zainal , Z , Williams , NE , Zhu , K , Kruzic , AP , Smith , RL and Rajeshwar , K . 1994 . Bactericidal activity of TiO2 photocatalyst in aqueous media: Toward a solar-assisted water disinfection system . Environmental Science & Technology , 28 : 934 – 8 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoon , K-Y , Byeon , JH , Park , J-H and Hwang , J . 2007 . Susceptibility constants of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis to silver and copper nanoparticles . Science of the Total Environment , 373 : 572 – 5 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar