Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in urine of coke oven workers in Turkey and exposure assessment

References

• ACGIH (American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists). 2010. Documentation for a Recommended BEI of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. 7th ed. Cincinatti, Ohio: American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists.
   Google Scholar
• Ariese, F. 1993. “Shpolskii Spectroscopy: Biomonitoring of PAH and their Metabolites.” PhD diss., Free University of Amsterdam. https://research.vu.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/62846487/complete+dissertation.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ateş, I., M. Yılmazer-Musa, B. Yücesoy, and A. Karakaya. 2004. “Determination of Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Some Work Groups in Turkey by Measurement of 1-Hydroxypyrene Levels in Urine.” Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 73 (2): 242–248. doi:10.1007/s00128-004-0419-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berger, J., and A. Manz. 1992. “Cancer of the Stomach and the Colon-Rectum among Workers in a Coke Gas Plant.” American Journal of Industrial Medicine 22 (6): 825–834. doi:10.1002/ajim.4700220605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boogaard, P. J., and N. J. Sittert. 1994. “Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Petrochemical Industries by Measurement of Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 51 (4): 250–258. doi:10.1136/oem.51.4.250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bower, K. M. 2018. “The Relationship between R2 and Precision in Bioassay Validation”. BioProcess International. April 20. Accessed January 20 2021. https://bioprocessintl.com/upstream-processing/assays/the-relationship-between-r2-and-precision-in-bioassay-validation/
   Google Scholar
• Brescia, G., L. Celotti, E. Clonfero, G. H. Neumann, A. Forni, V. Foà, M. Pisoni, G. M. Ferri, and G. Assennato. 1999. “The Influence of Cytochrome P450 1A1 and Glutathione S-Transferase M1 Genotypes on Biomarker Levels in Coke-Oven Workers.” Archives of Toxicology 73 (8–9): 431–439. doi:10.1007/s002040050632.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchet, J. P., J. P. Gennart, F. Mercado-Calderon, J. P. Delavignette, L. Cupers, and R. Lauwerys. 1992. “Evaluation of Exposure to PAH in a Coke Production and Graphite Electrode Manufacturing Plant.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 49 (11): 761–768. doi:10.1136/oem.49.11.76.
   Google Scholar
• Cao, H., S. Chao, L. Qiao, Y. Jiang, X. Zeng, and X. Fan. 2017. “Urbanization-Related Changes in Soil PAHs and Potential Health Risks of Emission Sources in a Township in Southern Jiangsu, China.” The Science of the Total Environment 575: 600–692. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, B., Y. Hu, T. Jin, D. Lu, M. Shao, L. Zheng, Q. Wang, et al. 2007. “The Influence of Metabolic Gene Polymorphisms on Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene Concentrations in Chinese Coke Oven Workers.” The Science of the Total Environment 381 (1–3): 38–46. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.02.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford, J. O., K. Dixon, B. G. Miller, and J. W. Cherrie. 2014. “A Review of the Effectiveness of Respirators in Reducing Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Coke Oven Workers.” The Annals of Occupational Hygiene 58 (8): 943–954. doi:10.1093/annhyg/meu048.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Duan, X., J. Zhang, F. Wei, and H. Yang. 2006. “Can Urinary OH-PAHs Be Used to Predict Cancer Risk Associated with Personal Exposure to PAHs?” Epidemiology 17 (6): 297.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elsherbiny, M. E., and D. R. Brocks. 2011. “The Ability of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons to Alter Physiological Factors Underlying Drug Disposition.” Drug Metabolism Reviews 43 (4): 457–475. doi:10.3109/03602532.2011.596204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan, R., D. Wang, C. Mao, S. Ou, Z. Lian, S. Huang, Q. Lin, R. Ding, and J. She. 2012. “Preliminary Study of Children's Exposure to PAHs and Its Association with 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine in Guangzhou.” Environment International 42: 53–58. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2011.03.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan, R., Y. Dong, W. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Yu, G. Sheng, and J. Fu. 2006. “Fast Simultaneous Determination of Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene and 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.” Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences 836 (1–2): 92–97. doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.03.044.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimmer, G.,. G. Dettbarn, and J. Jacob. 1993. “Biomonitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Highly Exposed Coke Plant Workers by Measurement of Urinary Phenanthrene and Pyrene Metabolites (Phenols and Dihydrodiols).” International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 65 (3): 189–199. doi:10.1007/BF00381155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gündel, J., and J. Angerer. 2000. “High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method with Fluorescence Detection for the Determination of 3-Hydroxybenzo[A]Pyrene and 3-Hydroxybenz[A]Anthracene in the Urine of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Exposed Workers.” Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 738 (1): 47–55. doi:10.1016/S0378-4347(99)00499-5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hanaoka, T., Y. Yamano, G. Pan, K. Hara, M. Ichiba, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, et al. 2002. “Cytochrome P450 1B1 mRNA Levels in Peripheral Blood Cells and Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Chinese Coke Oven Workers.” Science of the Total Environment 296 (1–3): 27–33. doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00070-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HSE (UK Health and Safety Executive). 2020. EH40/2005 Workplace Exposure Limits. 4th ed. London: TSO.
   Google Scholar
• IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) 1984. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Vol. 34 of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Part 3. Industrial Exposure in Aluminum Production, Coal Gasification, Coke Production, and Iron and Steel Founding. Lyon: IARC.
   Google Scholar
• Jen, J.-F., S-l Hsiao, and K.-H. Liu. 2002. “Simultaneous Determination of Uric Acid and Creatinine in Urine by an Eco-Friendly Solvent-Free High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method.” Talanta 58 (4): 711–717. doi:10.1016/S0039-9140(02)00377-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeng, H. A., C. H. Pan, and M. R. Chao. 2013. “1-Hydroxypyrene as a Biomarker for Assessing the Effects of Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Semen Quality and Sperm DNA Integrity.” Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering 48 (2): 152–158. doi:10.1080/03601234.2012.716741.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jongeneelen, F. J. 1992. “Biological Exposure Limit for Occupational Exposure to Coal Tar Pitch Volatiles at cokeovens.” International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 63 (8): 511–516. doi:10.1007/BF00386338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jongeneelen, F. J. 2014. “A Guidance Value of 1-Hydroxypyrene in Urine in View of Acceptable Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.” Toxicology Letters 231 (2): 239–248. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.05.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jongeneelen, F. J., R. B. M. Anzion, and P. T. Henderson. 1987. “Determination of Hydroxylated Metabolites of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urine.” Journal of Chromatography 413: 227–232. doi:10.1016/0378-4347(87)80230-X.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jongeneelen, F. J., R. P. Bos, and P. T. Henderson. 1988. “Metabolites of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urine of Exposed Workers.” Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 16 (4): 295–307. doi:10.1080/02772248809357268.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuljukka-Rabb, T., L. Nylund, R. Vaaranrinta, K. Savela, P. Mutanen, T. Veidebaum, M. Sorsa, A. Rannug, and K. Peltonen. 2002. “The Effect of Relevant Genotypes on PAH Exposure-Related Biomarkers.” Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology 12 (1): 81–91. doi:10.1038/sj.jea.7500204.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee, C. Y., J. Y. Lee, J. W. Kang, and H. Kim. 2001. “Effects of Genetic Polymorphisms of CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 on the Urinary Levels of 1-Hydroxypyrene and 2-Naphthol in Aircraft Maintenance Workers.” Toxicology Letters 123 (2–3): 115–124. doi:10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00374-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Q., M. Kim, Y. Liu, and C. Yoo. 2018. “Quantitative Assessment of Human Health Risks Induced by Vehicle Exhaust Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at Zhengzhou via Multimedia Fugacity Models with Cancer Risk Assessment.” The Science of the Total Environment 618: 430–438. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.084.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnusson, B., and U. Örnemark. 2014. Eurachem Guide: The Fitness for Purpose of Analytical Methods – a Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics. 2nd ed. Teddington: Eurachem. https://www.eurachem.org/index.php/publications/guides/mv
   Google Scholar
• Nan, H. M., H. Kim, H. S. Lim, J. K. Choi, T. Kawamoto, J. W. Kang, C. H. Lee, Y. D. Kim, and E. H. Kwon. 2001. “Effects of Occupation, Lifestyle and Genetic Polymorphisms of CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 on Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene and 2-Naphthol Concentrations.” Carcinogenesis 22 (5): 787–793. doi:10.1093/carcin/22.5.787.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ny, E. T., D. Heederik, H. Kromhout, and F. Jongeneelen. 1993. “The Relationship between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Air and in Urine of Workers in a Söderberg potroom.” American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 54 (6): 277–284. doi:10.1080/15298669391354685.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pavanello, S., L. Kapka, E. Siwinska, D. Mielzynska, C. Bolognesi, and E. Clonfero. 2008. “Micronuclei Related to anti–B[a]PDE-DNA Adduct in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Heavily Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon–Exposed Nonsmoking Coke-Oven Workers and Controls.” Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 17 (10): 2795–2799. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0346.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pouzou, J. G., S. Costard, and F. J. Zagmutt. 2018. “Probabilistic Estimates of Heterocyclic Amines and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Concentrations in Meats and Breads Applicable to Exposure Assessments.” Food and Chemical Toxicology: An International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 114: 346–360. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rihs, Hans-Peter, Beate Pesch, Martin Kappler, Sylvia Rabstein, Bernd Roßbach, Jürgen Angerer, Michael Scherenberg, et al. 2005. “Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in German Industries: Association between Exogenous Exposure and Urinary Metabolites and Its Modulation by Enzyme Polymorphisms.” Toxicology Letters 157 (3): 241–255. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.02.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigues, E. G., K. Smith, A. L. Maule, A. Sjodin, Z. Li, L. Romanoff, K. Kelsey, S. Proctor, and M. D. McClean. 2014. “Urinary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (OH-PAH) Metabolite Concentrations and the Effect of GST Polymorphisms among US Air Force Personnel Exposed to Jet Fuel.” Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 56 (5): 465–471. doi:10.1097/JOM.0000000000000142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose, M., J. Holland, A. Dowding, S. R. Petch, S. White, A. Fernandes, and D. Mortimer. 2015. “Investigation into the Formation of PAHs in Foods Prepared in the Home to Determine the Effects of Frying, Grilling, Barbecuing, Toasting and Roasting.” Food and Chemical Toxicology: An International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 78: 1–9. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2014.12.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safa, B., C. Lee, and D. S. Riddick. 1997. “Role of the Aromatic Hydrocarbon Receptor in the Suppression of Cytochrome P-450 2Cll by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.” Toxicology Letters 90 (2–3): 163–175. doi:10.1016/S0378-4274(96)03843-X.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seidel, A., A. Spickenheuer, K. Straif, H. P. Rihs, B. Marczynski, M. Scherenberg, G. Dettbarn, et al. 2008. “New Biomarkers of Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.” Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A 71 (11–12): 734–745. doi:10.1080/15287390801985265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobus, J. R., S. Waidyanatha, M. D. McClean, R. F. Herrick, T. J. Smith, E. Garshick, F. Laden, J. E. Hart, Y. Zheng, and S. M. Rappaport. 2008. “Urinary Naphthalene and Phenanthrene as Biomarkers of Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 66 (2): 4–99. doi:10.1136/oem.2008.041418.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Delft, J. H., M. S. Steenwinkel, J. G. Van Asten, N. De Vogel, T. C. Bruijntjes-Rozier, T. Schouten, P. Cramers, et al. 2001. “Biological Monitoring the Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons of Coke Oven Workers in Relation to Smoking and Genetic Polymorphisms for GSTM1 and GSTT1.” The Annals of Occupational Hygiene 45 (5): 395–408. doi:10.1016/S0003-4878(00)00065-X.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Van Hummelen, P., J. P. Gennart, J. P. Buchet, R. Lauwerys, and M. Kirsch-Volders. 1993. “Biological Markers in PAH Exposed Workers and Controls.” Mutation Research 300 (3–4): 231–239. doi:10.1016/0165-1218(93)90055-I.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wang, H., X. B. Yang, A. L. Liu, H. Y. Zhen, L. Guo, H. S. Liang, Y. Y. Bi, Y. Bai, Y. W. Chen, and T. C. Wu. 2007. “Significant Positive Correlation of Plasma BPDE-Albumin Adducts to Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene in Coke Oven Workers.” Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 20: 179–183.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, M. T., C. D. Simpson, D. C. Christiani, and S. S. Hecht. 2002. “Relationship of Exposure to Coke-Oven Emissions and Urinary Metabolites of Benzo(a)Pyrene and Pyrene in Coke-Oven Workers.” Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 11: 311–314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, M. T., S. L. Huang, C. K. Ho, Y. F. Yeh, and D. C. Christiani. 1998. “Cytochrome P450 1A1 MspI Polymorphism and Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene Concentrations in Coke-Oven Workers.” Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 7 (9): 823–829.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamano, Y.,. K. Hara, M. Ichiba, T. Hanaoka, G. Pan, and T. Nakadate. 2014. “Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene as a Comprehensive Carcinogenic Biomarker of Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: A Cross-Sectional Study of Coke Oven Workers in China.” International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 87 (7): 705–713. doi:10.1007/s00420-013-0913-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, L., K. Yan, D. Zeng, X. Lai, X. Chen, Q. Fang, H. Guo, T. Wu, and X. Zhang. 2017. “Association of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Metabolites and Risk of Diabetes in Coke Oven Workers.” Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex: 1987) 223: 305–310. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yilmazer, M., A. Ada, S. Suzen, C. Demiroglu, A. E. Demirbag, S. Efe, Y. Alemdar, M. Iscan, and S. Burgaz. 2006. “Biological Monitoring of Environmental Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: 1-Hydroxypyrene in Urine of Turkish Coke Oven Workers.” Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 76 (4): 559–565. doi:10.1007/s00128-006-0956-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zając, J., E. Gomółka, B. Maziarz, and W. Szot. 2016. “Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Polish Coke Plant Workers.” The Annals of Occupational Hygiene 60 (9): 1062–1071. doi:10.1093/annhyg/mew049.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang, J., M. Ichiba, K. Hara, S. Zhang, T. Hanaoka, G. Pan, Y. Yamano, K. Takahashi, and K. Tomokuni. 2001. “Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene in Coke Oven Workers Relative to Exposure, Alcohol Consumption, and Metabolic Enzymes.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 58 (11): 716–721. doi:10.1136/oem.58.11.716.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar