1,895
Views
50
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Comparison of Strategies for the Measurement of Mass Emissions from Diesel Engines Emitting Ultra-Low Levels of Particulate Matter

, , , , &
Pages 1142-1152 | Received 19 Jan 2009, Accepted 14 Jul 2009, Published online: 15 Sep 2009

REFERENCES

  • Abdul-Khalek I. S.Kittelson D. B.Brear F.The Influence of Dilution Conditions on Diesel Exhaust Particle Size Distribution Measurements1999 SAE Technical Paper No. 1999-01-1142
  • Bae M. S.Schauer J. J.Turner J. R.Estimation of the Monthly Average Ratios of Organic Mass to Organic Carbon for Fine Particulate Matter at an Urban SiteAerosol Sci. Technol.200640121123–1139
  • Birch M. E.Cary R. A.Elemental Carbon-Based Method for Monitoring Occupational Exposures to Particulate Diesel ExhaustAerosol Sci. Technol.199625221–241
  • Cadle S. H.Mulawa P. A.Atmospheric Carbonaceous Species Measurement Methods Comparison Study: General Motors ResultsAerosol Sci. Technol.199012128–141
  • Chatterjee S.McDonald C.Conway R.Windawi H.Vertin K.LeTavec C. A.Clark N. N.Gautam M.Emissions Reductions and Operational Experiences with Heavy Duty Diesel Fleet Vehicles Retrofitted with Continuously Regenerated Diesel Particulate Filters in Southern California2001 SAE Technical Paper No. 2001 01-0512
  • Code of Federal RegulationsProtection of the Environment, Title 40, Parts 80 and 86U.S. Government Printing OfficeWashington2001
  • Code of Federal RegulationsProtection of the Environment, Title 40, Part 1065U.S. Government Printing OfficeWashington2005
  • Code of Federal RegulationsProtection of the Environment, Title 40, Parts 80 and 86U.S. Government Printing OfficeWashington2006
  • European Parliament and of the Council of 28 September 2005 Directive 2005/55/EC
  • European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2007 Regulation (EC) No. 715/2007
  • Fitz D. R.Reduction of the Positive Organic Artifact on Quartz FiltersAerosol Sci. Technol199012142–148
  • GRPE-PMP-15-2The 15th PMP Informal MeetingGeneva Switzerland2005
  • Hinds W. C.Aerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne ParticlesJohn Wiley & SonsNew York1982
  • Huffman J. A.Docherty K. S.Mohr C.Cubison M. J.Ulbrich I. M.Ziemann P. J.Onasch T. B.Jimenez J. L.Chemically-Resolved Volatility Measurements of Organic Aerosol from Different SourcesEnviron. Sci. Technol2009 ASAP paper
  • Johnson J. E.Kittelson D. B.Physical Factors Affecting Hydrocarbon Oxidation in a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst1994 SAE Technical Paper No. 94-1771
  • Johnson T.Caldow R.Pocher A.Mirme A.Kittelson D. B.A New Electrical Mobility Particle Sizer Spectrometer for Engine Exhaust Particle Measurements2004 SAE Technical Paper No. 2004-01-1341
  • Kittelson D. B.Engines and Nanoparticles: A ReviewJ. Aerosol Sci.199829575–588
  • Kittelson D. B.Watts W. F.Johnson J. H.Diesel Aerosol Sampling MethodologyCoordinating Research Council2002E–43
  • Kleeman M. J.Schauer J. J.Cass G. R.Size and Composition Distribution of Fine Particulate Matter Emitted from Motor VehiclesEnviron. Sci. Technol2000 34(7):1132–1142
  • Kolodziej C.Wirojsakunchai E.Foster D. E.Schmidt N.Kamimoto T.Kawai T.Akard M.Yoshimura T.Comprehensive Characterization of Particulate Emissions from Advanced Diesel Combustion2007 SAE Technical Paper No. 2007-01-1945
  • Kweon C.Foster D. E.Schauer J. J.Okada S.Detailed Chemical Composition and Particle Size Assessment of Diesel Engine Exhaust2002 SAE Technical Paper No. 2002-01-2670
  • Kweon C.Okada S.Foster D. E.Bae M. S.Schauer J. J.Effect of Engine Operating Conditions on Particle-Phase Organic Compounds in Engine Exhaust of a Heavy-Duty Direct Injection (D.I.) Diesel Engine2003 SAE Technical Paper No. 2003-01-0342
  • Lev-on M.LeTavec C.Uihlein J.Kimura K.Alleman T. L.Lawson D. R.Vertin K.Gautam M.Thompson G. J.Wayne S.Clark N.Okamoto R.Rieger P.Yee G.Zielinska B.Sagebiel J.Chatterjee S.Hallstrom K.Speciation of Organic Compounds from the Exhaust of Trucks and Buses: Effect of Fuel and After-Treatment on Vehicle Emission Profiles2002 SAE Technical Paper No. 2002-01-2873
  • Liu Z. G.Skemp M. D.Lincoln J. C.Diesel Particulate Filters: Trends and Implications of Particle Size Distribution Measurement2003 SAE Technical Paper No. 2003-01-0046
  • Liu Z. G.Thurow E. M.Caldow R.Johnson T. R.Transient Performance of Diesel Particulate Filters as Measured by an Engine Exhaust Particle Size Spectrometer2005 SAE Technical Paper No. 2005-01-0185
  • Liu Z. G.Berg D.Schauer J. J.An Analysis of Methods for Measuring Particulate Matter Mass Emissions2008a SAE Technical Paper No. 2008-01-1748
  • Liu Z. G.Swor T. A.Schauer J. J.Debilzen J.Severance C. A.A Source Dilution Sampling System for Characterization of Engine Emissions under Transient or Steady-State OperationAerosol Sci. Technol2008b42270–280
  • Maricq M. M.Podsiadlik D. H.Chase R. E.Size Distributions of Motor Vehicle Exhaust PM: A Comparison between ELPI and SMPS MeasurementsAerosol Sci. Technol200033239–260
  • Maricq M. M.Xu N.The Effective Density and Fractal Dimension of Soot Particles from Premixed Flames and Motor Vehicle ExhaustJ. Aerosol Sci.2004351251–1274
  • Maricq M. M.Xu N.Chase R. E.Measuring Particulate Mass Emissions with the Electrical Low Pressure ImpactorAerosol Sci. Technol20064068–79
  • Operation and Service Manual for Model 3090 Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer Spectrometer 2006 P/N 1980494. TSI Incorporated
  • Park K.Feng C.Kittelson D. B.McMurry P. H.Relationship between Particle Mass and Mobility for Diesel Exhaust ParticlesEnviron. Sci. Technol200337577–583
  • Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines—Exhaust Emission Measurement Part 4: Test Cycles for Different Engine Applications International Organization for StandardizationGeneva1996 ISO 8178-4
  • Schauer J. J.Kleeman M. J.Cass G. R.Simoneit B. R.Measurement of Emissions from Air Pollution Sources. 1. C1 to C29 Organic Compounds from Meat CharbroilingEnviron. Sci. Technol1999a331566–1577
  • Schauer J. J.Kleeman M. J.Cass G. R.Simoneit B. R.Measurement of Emissions from Air Pollution Sources. 2. C1 to C30 Organic Compounds from Medium Duty Diesel TrucksEnviron. Sci. Technol1999b331578–1587
  • Schauer J. J.Mader B. T.Deminter J. T.Heidemann G.Bae M. S.Seinfeld J. H.Flagan R. C.Cary R. A.Smith D.Huebert B. J.Bertram T.Howeel S.Kline J. T.Quinn P.Bates T.Turpin B.Lim H. J.Yu J. Z.Yang H.Keywood M. D.ACE-Asia Intercomparison of Thermal-optical Method for the Determination of Particle Phase Organic and Elemental CarbonEnviron. Sci. Technol200337993–1001
  • Schauer J. J.Lough G. C.Shafer M. M.Christensen W. F.Arndy M. F.DeMinter J. T.Park J. S.Characterization of Metals Emitted from Motor VehiclesResearch Report 133. Health Effects InstituteBoston2006
  • Schauer J. J.Christensen C. G.Kittelson D. B.Johnson J. P.Watts W. F.Impact of Ambient Temperatures and Driving Conditions on the Chemical Composition of Particulate Matter Emissions from Non-Smoking Gasoline-Powered Motor VehiclesAerosol Sci. Technol2008 42(3):210–23
  • Stetter J. C.Foster D. E.Schauer J. J.Modern Diesel Particulate Matter Measurements and the Application of Lessons Learned to 2007 Levels and Beyond2005 SAE Technical Paper No. 2005-01-0194
  • Suresh A.Khan A.Johnson J. H.An Experimental and Modeling Study of Cordierite Traps—Pressure Drop and Permeability of Clean and Particulate Loaded Traps2000 SAE Technical Paper No. 2000-01-0476
  • Turpin B. J.Lim H. J.Species Contributions to PM2.5 Mass Concentrations: Revisiting Common Assumptions for Estimating Organic MassAerosol Sci. Technol.2001351602–610
  • Warner J. R.Johnson J. H.Bagley S. T.Huynh C.Effects of a Catalyzed Particulate Filter on Emissions from a Diesel Engine: Chemical Characterization Data and Particulate Emissions Measured with Thermal Optical and Gravimetric Methods2003 SAE Technical Paper No. 2003-01-0049
  • Zhang X. Q.McMurry P. H.Theoretical Analysis of Evaporative Losses from Impactor and Filter DepositsAtmos. Environ.19872181779–1789
  • Zielinska B.Sagebiel J.McDonald J. D.Whitney K.Lawson D. R.Emission Rates and Comparative Chemical Composition from Selected in-use Diesel and Gasoline-Fueled VehiclesJ. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc.2004541138–1150

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.