2,071
Views
63
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Characterization of Combustion Aerosol Produced by a Mini-CAST and Treated in a Catalytic Stripper

, , &
Pages 927-936 | Received 20 Mar 2013, Accepted 01 May 2013, Published online: 31 May 2013

REFERENCES

  • Berg , W. 2003 . Legislation for the Reduction of Exhaust Gas Emissions . Handbook of Environment Chemistry , 3 ( Part T ) : 175 – 253 .
  • Birch , M. E. and Cary , R. A. 1996 . Elemental Carbon-Based Method for Monitoring Occupational Exposures to Particulate Diesel Exhaust . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 25 : 221 – 241 .
  • Biskos , G. , Mastorakos , E. and Collings , N. 2004 . Monte Carlo Simulation of Unipolar Diffusion Charging for Spherical and Non-Spherical Particles . J. Aerosol Sci. , 35 : 707 – 730 .
  • Bond , T. C. and Bergstrom , R. W. 2006 . Light Absorption by Carbonaceous Particles: An Investigative Review . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 40 : 27 – 67 .
  • Boucher , T. L. , Khalek , I. A. , Laroo , C. A. and Bischnu , D. K. 2012 . Determination of the PEMS Measurement Allowance for PM Emissions Regulated Under the Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine In-Use Testing Program . SAE Int. J. Eng. , 5 : 1371 – 1386 .
  • Chow , J. C. , Watson , J. G. , Crow , D. , Lowenthal , D. H. and Merrifield , T. 2001 . Comparison of IMPROVE and NIOSH Carbon Measurements . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 34 : 23 – 34 .
  • Cossette , G. , Speilvogel , J. , Carli , S. , Usarek , S. , Brandt , L. Keck , L. Comparison of two Condensation Particle Counters for Automotive Applications using a Combustion Soot Generator . 29th AAAR Conference, 25–29 October 2010 , Portland, Oregon , , USA
  • EC . 2007 . “ Commission Regulation 715/2007 ” .
  • EC . 2009 . “ Commission Regulation 595/2009 ” .
  • EC . 2012 . “ Commission Regulation 459/2012 ” .
  • Fiedler , M. and Hess , P. 1989 . “ Laser Excitation of Acoustic Modes in Cylindrical and Spherical Resonators: Theory and Applications ” . In Photoacoustic, Photothermal and Photochemical Processes in Gases, Topics in Current Physics Vol. 46 , 85 – 123 .
  • Ghazi , R. , Tjong , H. , Soewono , A. , Rogak , S. R. and Olfert , J. S. 2013 . Mass, Mobility, Volatility, and Morphology of Soot Particles Generated by a McKenna and Inverted Burner . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 47 : 395 – 405 .
  • Giechaskiel , B. and Bergmann , A. 2011 . Validation of 14 Used, Re-Calibrated and New TSI 3790 Condensation Particle Counters According to the UN-ECE Regulation 83 . J. Aerosol Sci. , 42 : 195 – 203 .
  • Giechaskiel , B. , Mamakos , A. , Andersson , J. , Dilara , P. , Martini , G. Schindler , W. 2012 . Measurement of Automotive Nonvolatile Particle Number Emissions within the European Legislative Framework: A Review . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 46 : 719 – 749 .
  • Giechaskiel , B. , Wang , W. , Gilliland , D. and Drossinos , Y. 2011 . The Effect of Particle Chemical Composition on the Activation Probability in n-Butanol Condensation Particle Counter . J. Aerosol Sci. , 42 : 20 – 37 .
  • Giechaskiel , B. , Wang , W. , Horn , G. G. , Spielvogel , J. , Gerhart , C. Southgate , J. 2009 . Calibration of Condensation Particle Counters for Legislated Vehicle Number Emission Measurements . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 43 : 1164 – 1173 .
  • Gysel , M. , Laborde , M. , Mensah , A. A. , Corbin , J. C. , Keller , A. Kim , J. 2012 . Technical Note: The Single Particle Soot Photometer Fails to Reliably Detect PALAS Soot Nanoparticles . Atmos. Meas. Tech. , 5 : 3099 – 3107 .
  • Jing , L. Standard Combustion Aerosol Generator for Calibration Purposes . 3rd ETH Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles , Zurich 9–10 August, 1999
  • Kelly , W. P. and McMurry , P. H. 1992 . Measurement of Particle Density by Inertial Classification of Differential Mobility Analyzer-Generated Monodisperse Aerosol . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 17 : 199 – 212 .
  • Khalek , I. A. 2007 . Sampling System for Solid and Volatile Exhaust Particle Size, Number, and Mass Emissions . SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. , 116 : 122 – 133 .
  • Khalek , I. A. , Bougher , T. and Jetter , J. J. 2010 . Particle Emissions from a 2009 Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Using Different Commercially Available Fuels . SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. , 3 ( 2 ) : 623 – 637 .
  • Konstandopoulos , A. G. , Daskalos , E. and Vlachos , N. The Microstructure of Soot Aggregates Produced by the Combustion Aerosol Standard (CAST) Generator . 15th ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles , Zürich , , Switzerland June 26–29
  • Mamakos , A. , Bonnel , P. , Perujo , A. and Carriero , M. 2012 . Assessment of Portable Emission Measurement Systems (PEMS) for Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines with Respect to Particulate Matter . J. Aerosol Sci. , 57 : 54 – 70 .
  • Mamakos , A. , Carriero , M. , Bonnel , P. , Demircioglu , H. , Douglas , K. Alessandrini , S. 2011 . “ EU-PEMS PM Evaluation Program – Second Report - Study on Post DPF PM/PN Emissions ” . JRC Scientific Technical Report EUR 24793 EN
  • Mamakos , A. , Giechaskiel , B. and Drossinos , Y. 2013 . Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of the Effect of the Calibration Aerosol Material on the Counting Efficiencies of TSI 3790 Condensation Particle Counters . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 47 : 11 – 21 .
  • Maricq , M. M. and Xu , N. 2004 . The Effective Density and Fractal Dimension of Soot Particles from Premixed Flames and Motor Vehicle Exhaust . J. Aerosol Sci. , 35 : 1251 – 1274 .
  • Marjamäki , M. , Lemmetty , M. and Keskinen , J. 2005 . ELPI Response and Data Reduction I: Response Functions . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 39 : 575 – 582 .
  • Mathis , U. , Kaegi , R. , Mohr , M. and Zenobi , R. 2004 . TEM Analysis of Volatile Nanoparticles from Particle Trap Equipped Diesel and Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Vehicles . Atmos. Environ. , 38 : 4347 – 4355 .
  • Mathis , U. , Mohr , M. , Kaegi , R. , Bertola , A. and Boulouchos , K. 2005 . Influence of Diesel Engine Combustion Parameters on Primary Soot Particle Diameter . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 39 : 1887 – 1892 .
  • NIOSH . 1999 . “ Method 5040 Issue 3: Elemental Carbon (Diesel Exhaust) ” . In NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods. National institute of Occupational Safety and health Cincinnati , OH
  • Olfert , J. S. , Symonds , J. P. R. and Collings , N. 2007 . The Effective Density and Fractal Dimension of Particles Emitted from a Light-Duty Diesel Vehicle with a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst . J. Aerosol Sci. , 38 : 69 – 82 .
  • Park , K. , Cao , F. , Kittelson , D. B. and McMurry , P. H. 2003 . Relationship between Particle Mass and Mobility for Diesel Exhaust Particles . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 37 : 577 – 583 .
  • Pope , C. A. III , Burnett , R. T. , Thun , M. J. , Calle , E. E. , Krewski , D. Ito , K. 2002 . Lung Cancer, Cardiopulmonary Mortality, and Long-term Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution . J. Am. Med. Assoc. , 287 ( 9 ) : 1132 – 41 .
  • Rissler , J. , Messing , M. E. , Malik , A. I. , Nilsson , P. T. , Nordin , E. Z. Bohgard , M. 2013 . Effective Density Characterization of Soot Agglomerates from Various Sources and Comparison to Aggregation Theory . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 47 : 792 – 805 .
  • Ristimäki , J. , Virtanen , A. , Marjamäki , M. , Rostedt , A. and Keskinen , J. 2002 . On-Line Measurement of Size Distribution and Effective Density of Submicron Aerosol Particles . J. Aerosol Sci. , 33 : 1541 – 1557 .
  • Saathoff , H. , Blatt , N. , Gimmler , M. , Linke , C. and Schurath , U. Thermographic Characterisation of Different Soot Types . 8th ETH Conference on Combustion Generated Particles, 14–16 September, 2004 , Zurich , , Switzerland
  • SAE Standard AIR589 . Nonvolatile Exhaust Particle Measurement Techniques . E-31 Aircraft Exhaust Emissions Committee , Version 2012-03-07
  • Schindler , W. , Haisch , C. , Beck , H. , A. , Niessner , R. , Jacob , E. and Rothe , D. 2004 . “ A Photoacoustic Sensor System for Time Resolved Quantification of Diesel Soot Emissions ” . SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-0968
  • Seong , H. , Lee , K. , Mamakos , A. , Khalek , I. A. , Giannelli , R. and Spears , M. Morphology and Nanostructures of Particles from an Engine Simulating Particle Generator . 23rd CRC Real World Emissions Workshop, 7–10 April , San Diego , , USA
  • Sorensen , C. M. 2011 . The Mobility of Fractal Aggregates: A Review . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 45 : 765 – 779 .
  • Tzamkiozis , T. , Ntziachristos , L. , Mamakos , A. , Fontaras , G. and Samaras , Z. 2011 . Aerodynamic and Mobility Size Distribution Measurements to Reveal Biodiesel Effects on Diesel Exhaust Aerosol . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 45 : 587 – 595 .
  • UNECE Regulation 83
  • UNEP/WMO . 2011 . Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone. United Nations Environment Programme and World Meteorological Organization . Summary for Decision Makers ,
  • USEPA . 2008 . Code Of Federal Regulations 40, part 1065
  • USEPA . 2010 . Notice of Alternate System Approval. CISD-10–22. October 19, 2010
  • VAMV . 2006 . Verordnung des EJPD über Abgasmessgeräte für Verbrennungsmotoren (VAMV) vom 19 März 2006
  • Wang , X. , Caldow , R. , Sem , G. J. , Hama , N. and Sakurai , H. 2010 . Evaluation of a Condensation Particle Counter for Vehicle Emission Measurement: Experimental Procedure and Effects of Calibration Aerosol Material . J. Aerosol Sci. , 41 : 306 – 318 .
  • Weijer , E. P. , Schaap , M. , Nguyen , L. , Matthijsen , J. Denier van der Gon , H. A. C. 2011 . Anthropogenic and Natural Constituents in Particulate Matter in the Netherlands . Atmos. Chem. Phys. , 11 : 2281 – 2294 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.