Impacts of Aerosol Aging on Laser Desorption/Ionization in Single-Particle Mass Spectrometers

REFERENCES

• Allen, J.O. (2001). YAADA: Software Toolkit to Analyze Single-Particle Mass Spectral Data. Software Reference Manual.
   Google Scholar
• Bhave, P.V., Allen, J.O., Morrical, B.D., Fergenson, D.P., Cass, G.R., and Prather, K.A. (2002). A Field-Based Approach for Determining ATOFMS Instrument Sensitivities to Ammonium and Nitrate. Environ. Sci. Tech., 36(22):4868–4879.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cai, Y., Zelenyuk, A., and Imre, D. (2006). A High Resolution Study of the Effect of Morphology on the Mass Spectra of Single PSL Particles with Na-Containing Layers and Nodules. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 40(12):1111–1122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carson, P.G., Johnston, M.V., and Wexler, A.S. (1997). Real-Time Monitoring of the Surface and Total Composition of Aerosol Particles. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 26(4):291–300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dall’Osto, M., Harrison, R.M., Beddows, D.C. S., Freney, E.J., Heal, M.R., and Donovan, R.J. (2006). Single-Particle Detection Efficiencies of Aerosol Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry During the North Atlantic Marine Boundary Layer Experiment. Environ. Sci. Tech., 40(16):5029–5035.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Docherty, K.S., Aiken, A.C., Huffman, J.A., Ulbrich, I.M., DeCarlo, P.F., Sueper, D., et al. (2011). The 2005 Study of Organic Aerosols at Riverside (SOAR-1): Instrumental Intercomparisons and Fine Particle Composition. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11(23):12387–12420.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Docherty, K.S., Stone, E.A., Ulbrich, I.M., DeCarlo, P.F., Snyder, D.C., Schauer, J.J., et al. (2008). Apportionment of Primary and Secondary Organic Aerosols in Southern California During the 2005 Study of Organic Aerosols in Riverside (SOAR-1). Environ. Sci. Tech., 42(20):7655–7662.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drewnick, F., Hings, S.S., DeCarlo, P., Jayne, J.T., Gonin, M., Fuhrer, K., et al. (2005). A New Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (TOF-AMS) - Instrument Description and First Field Deployment. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 39(7):637–658.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge, Z.Z., Wexler, A.S., and Johnston, M.V. (1998). Laser Desorption/Ionization of Single Ultrafine Multicomponent Aerosols. Environ. Sci. Tech., 32(20):3218–3223.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gross, D.S., Galli, M.E., Silva, P.J., and Prather, K.A. (2000). Relative Sensitivity Factors for Alkali Metal and Ammonium Cations in Single Particle Aerosol Time-of-Flight Mass Spectra. Anal. Chem., 72(2):416–422.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huffman, J.A., Docherty, K.S., Aiken, A.C., Cubison, M.J., Ulbrich, I.M., DeCarlo, P.F., et al. (2009a). Chemically-Resolved Aerosol Volatility Measurements from Two Megacity Field Studies. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9(18):7161–7182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huffman, J.A., Docherty, K.S., Mohr, C., Cubison, M.J., Ulbrich, I.M., Ziemann, P.J., et al. (2009b). Chemically-Resolved Volatility Measurements of Organic Aerosol from Different Sources. Environ. Sci. Tech., 43(14):5351–5357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huffman, J.A., Jayne, J.T., Drewnick, F., Aiken, A.C., Onasch, T., Worsnop, D.R., et al. (2005). Design, Modeling, Optimization, and Experimental Tests of a Particle Beam width Probe for the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 39(12):1143–1163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huffman, J.A., Ziemann, P.J., Jayne, J.T., Worsnop, D.R., and Jimenez, J.L. (2008). Development and Characterization of a Fast-Stepping/Scanning Thermodenuder for Chemically-Resolved Aerosol Volatility Measurements. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 42:395–407.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeong, C.H., McGuire, M.L., Godri, K.J., Slowik, J.G., Rehbein, P.J. G., and Evans, G.J. (2011). Quantification of Aerosol Chemical Composition using Continuous Single Particle Measurements. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11(14):7027–7044.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, G., Ristovski, Z., and Morawska, L. (2004). Application of the VH-TDMA Technique to Coastal Ambient Aerosols. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31(16):L16105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kane, D.B., and Johnston, M.V. (2000). Size and Composition Biases on the Detection of Individual Ultrafine Particles by Aerosol Mass Spectrometry. Environ. Sci. Tech., 34(23):4887–4893.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, P., Ziemann, P.J., Kittelson, D.B., and Mcmurry, P.H. (1995). Generating Particle Beams of Controlled Dimensions and Divergence.1. Theory of Particle Motion in Aerodynamic Lenses and Nozzle Expansions. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 22(3):293–313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansoori, B.A., Johnston, M.V., and Wexler, A.S. (1994). Quantitation of Ionic Species in Single Microdroplets by Online Laser Desorption/Ionization. Anal. Chem., 66(21):3681–3687.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moffet, R.C., and Prather, K.A. (2009). In-Situ Measurements of the Mixing State and Optical Properties of Soot with Implications for Radiative Forcing Estimates. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 106(29):11872–11877.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy, D.M., Cziczo, D.J., Froyd, K.D., Hudson, P.K., Matthew, B.M., Middlebrook, A.M., et al. (2006). Single-Particle Mass Spectrometry of Tropospheric Aerosol Particles. J. Geophys. Res., 111(D23):D23S32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pratt, K.A., Hatch, L.E., and Prather, K.A. (2009a). Seasonal Volatility Dependence of Ambient Particle Phase Amines. Environ. Sci. Tech., 43(14):5276–5281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pratt, K.A., Mayer, J.E., Holecek, J.C., Moffet, R.C., Sanchez, R.O., Rebotier, T.P., et al. (2009b). Development and Characterization of an Aircraft Aerosol Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer. Anal. Chem., 81(5):1792–1800.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pratt, K.A., and Prather, K.A. (2009). Real-Time, Single-Particle Volatility, Size, and Chemical Composition Measurements of Aged Urban Aerosols. Environ. Sci. Tech., 43(21):8276–8282.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pratt, K.A., and Prather, K.A. (2012). Mass Spectrometry of Atmospheric Aerosols: Recent Developments and Applications. Part II: On-Line Mass Spectrometry Techniques. Mass Spectrom. Rev., 31(1):17–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qin, X., Pratt, K.A., Shields, L.G., Toner, S.M., and Prather, K.A. (2012). Seasonal Comparison of Single-Particle Chemical Mixing State in Riverside, CA. Atmos. Environ., 59, 587–596.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu, C., and Zhang, R.Y. (2012). Physiochemical Properties of Alkylaminium Sulfates: Hygroscopicity, Thermostability, and Density. Environ. Sci. Tech., 46(8):4474–4480.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reilly, P.T. A., Lazar, A.C., Gieray, R.A., Whitten, W.B., and Ramsey, J.M. (2000). The Elucidation of Charge-Transfer-Induced Matrix Effects in Environmental Aerosols via Real-Time Aerosol Mass Spectral Analysis of Individual Airborne Particles. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 33(1–2):135–152.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reinard, M.S., and Johnston, M.V. (2008). Ion Formation Mechanism in Laser Desorption Ionization of Individual Nanoparticles. J. Am. Soc. Mass. Spectrom., 19(3):389–399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell, A.G., and Cass, G.R. (1986). Verification of a Mathematical-Model for Aerosol Nitrate and Nitric-Acid Formation and Its Use for Control Measure Evaluation. Atmos. Environ., 20(10):2011–2025.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salo, K., Westerlund, J., Andersson, P.U., Nielsen, C., D’Anna, B., and Hallquist, M. (2011). Thermal Characterization of Aminium Nitrate Nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. A, 115(42):11671–11677.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoolcraft, T.A., Constable, G.S., Jackson, B., Zhigilei, L.V., and Garrison, B.J. (2001). Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Laser Disintegration of Amorphous Aerosol Particles with Spatially Nonuniform Absorption. Nuclear Instrum Methods Phy Res Sec B—Beam Interac Materials Atoms, 180:245–250.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoolcraft, T.A., Constable, G.S., Zhigilei, L.V., and Garrison, B.J. (2000). Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Laser Disintegration of Aerosol Particles. Anal. Chem., 72(21):5143–5150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seinfeld, J.H., and Pandis, S.N. (2006). Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change (2nd. ed.), John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New Jersey.
   Google Scholar
• Silva, P.J., and Prather, K.A. (2000). Interpretation of Mass Spectra from Organic Compounds in Aerosol Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem., 72(15):3553–3562.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, X.H., Hopke, P.K., Fergenson, D.P., and Prather, K.A. (1999). Classification of Single Particles Analyzed by ATOFMS using an Artificial Neural Network, ART-2A. Anal. Chem., 71(4):860–865.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spencer, M.T., and Prather, K.A. (2006). Using ATOFMS to Determine OC/EC Mass Fractions in Particles. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 40(8):585–594.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomson, D.S., Middlebrook, A.M., and Murphy, D.M. (1997). Thresholds for Laser-Induced Ion Formation from Aerosols in a Vacuum Using Ultraviolet and Vacuum-Ultraviolet Laser Wavelengths. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 26(6):544–559.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wade, E.E., Farquar, G.R., Steele, P.T., McJimpsey, E.L., Lebrilla, C.B., and Fergenson, D.P. (2008). Wavelength and Size Dependence in Single Particle Laser Aerosol Mass Spectra. J. Aerosol Sci, 39(8):657–666.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wenzel, R.J., Liu, D.Y., Edgerton, E.S., and Prather, K.A. (2003). Aerosol Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry During the Atlanta Supersite Experiment: 2. Scaling Procedures. J. Geophys. Res., 108(D7):8427.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wenzel, R.J., and Prather, K.A. (2004). Improvements in Ion Signal Reproducibility Obtained using a Homogeneous Laser Beam for on-Line Laser Desorption/Ionization of Single Particles. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 18(13):1525–1533.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zauscher, M.D. (2012). Extending the Physicochemical Characterization of Aerosol Particles in California, Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
   Google Scholar
• Zelenyuk, A., Yang, J., and Imre, D. (2009). Comparison Between Mass Spectra of Individual Organic Particles Generated by UV Laser Ablation and in the IR/UV Two-Step Mode. Int. J. Mass spectrom., 282(1–2):6–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zelenyuk, A., Yang, J., Song, C., Zaveri, R.A., and Imre, D. (2008). “Depth-Profiling” and Quantitative Characterization of the Size, Composition, Shape, Density, and Morphology of Fine Particles with SPLAT, a Single-Particle Mass Spectrometer. J. Phys. Chem. A, 112(4):669–677.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar