1,065
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Differential photoacoustic spectroscopic (DPAS)-based technique for PM optical absorption measurements in the presence of light absorbing gaseous species

, , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 1438-1447 | Received 08 Mar 2017, Accepted 29 Jul 2017, Published online: 12 Sep 2017

References

  • Aerospace Information Report (AIR) 6241. (2013). Procedure for the continuous sampling and measurement of non-volatile particle emissions from aircraft turbine engines. SAE International.
  • Allan, D.W. (1966). Statistics of Atomic Frequency Standard. Proc. IEEE, 54:221–230.
  • Arnott, W. P., Moosmüller, H., and Walker, J. W. (2000). Nitrogen Dioxide and Kerosene-Flame Soot Calibration of Photoacoustic Instruments for Measurement of Light Absorption by Aerosols. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 71:4545–4552.
  • Arnott, W. P., Hamasha, K., Moosmüller, H., Sheridan, P. J., and Ogren, J.A. (2005a). Towards Aerosol Light-Absorption Measurements With a 7-Wavelength Aethalometer: Evaluation With a Photoacoutic Instrument and 3-Wavelength Nephelometer. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 39:17–29.
  • Arnott, W. P, Zielinska, B., Rogers, C. F., Sagebiel, J., Park, K., Chow, J., Moosmüller, H., and Watson, J. G. (2005b). Evaluation of 1047-nm Photoacoustic Instruments and Photoelectric Aerosol Sensors in Source-Sampling of Black Carbon Aerosol and Particle-Bound PAHs from Gasoline and Diesel Powered Vehicles. Environ. Sci. Technol., 39:5398–5406.
  • Bacis, R., Bouvier, A. J., and Flaud, J.-M. (1998). The Ozone Molecule: Electronic Spectroscopy. Spectrochim. Acta. A, 54:17–34.
  • Ball, S. M, and Jones, R.L. (2003). Broad-Band Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy. Chem. Rev., 103:5239–5262.
  • Bell, A. G. (1881). Upon the Production of Sound by Radiant Energy. Philos. Mag., 11:510–528.
  • Bergstrom, R. W., Pilewskie, P., Russell, P. B., Redemann, J., Bond, T. C., Quinn, P. K., and Sieran, B. (2007). Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmospheric Aerosols. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7:5937–5943.
  • Bond, T. C., and Bergstrom, R. W. (2006). Light Absorption by Carbonaceous Particles: An Investigative Review. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 40:27–67.
  • Brion, J., Chakir, A., Charbonnier, J., Daumont, D., Parisse, C., and Malicet, J. (1998). Absorption Spectra Measurements for the Ozone Molecule in the 350–830 nm Region. J. Atmos. Chem., 30:291–299.
  • Burkholder, J. B., and Talukdar, R. K. (1994). Temperature-Dependence of the Ozone Absorption-Spectrum Over the Wavelength Range 410 to 760 nm. Geophys. Res. Lett., 21:581–584.
  • Burrows, J. P., Dehn, A., Deters, B., Himmelmann, S., Richter, A., Voigt, S., and Orphal, J. (1998). Atmospheric Remote-Sensing Reference Data from GOME: Part I. Temperature-Dependent Absorption Cross-Sections of NO2 in the 231–794 nm Range. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 60:1025–1031.
  • Burrows, J. P., Richter, A., Dehn, A., Deters, B., Himmelmann, S., Voigt, S., and Orphal, J. (1999). Atmospheric Remote-Sensing Reference Data From GOME: 2. Temperature-Dependent Absorption Cross Sections of O3 in the 231–794 nm Range. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiant. Transfer, 61:509–517.
  • Cappa, D. C., Lack, D. A., Burkholder, J. B., and Ravishankara, A. R. (2008). Bias in Filter-Based Aerosol Light Absorption Measurements Due to Organic Aerosol Loading: Evidence from Laboratory Measurements. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 42:1022–1032.
  • Carslaw, S. K., Boucher, O., Spracklen, V. D., Mann, W. G., Rae, L. J. G., Wordward, S., and Kulmala, M. (2010). A Review of Natural Aerosol Interaction and Feedbacks Within the Earth System. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10:1701–1737.
  • Cross, E. S., Onasch, T. B., Ahern, A., Wrobel, W., Slowik, J. G., Olfert, J., Lack, D. A., Massoli, P., Cappa, C. D., Schwarz, J. P., Spackman, R., Fahey, D. W., Sedlacek, A., Trimborn, A., Jayne, J. T., Freedman, A., Williams, L. R., Ng, N. L., Mazzoleni, C., Dubey, M., Brem, B., Kok, G., Subramanian, R., Freitag, S., Clarke, A., Thornhill, D., Marr, L. C., Kolb, C. E., Worsnop, D. R., and Davidovits, P. (2010). Soot Particle Studies – Instrument Inter-Comparison – Project Overview. Aerosol. Sci. Technol., 44:8, 592–611.
  • Dyroff, C., Zahn, A., Sanati, S., Christner, E., Rauthe-Schöch, A., and Schuck, T. J. (2014). Tunable Diode Laser in-situ CH4 Measurements Aboard the CARIBIC Passenger Aircraft: Instrument Performance Assessment. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7:743–755.
  • Hansen, A. D. A., Rosen, H., and Novakov, T. (1982). Real-Time Measurement of the Absorption Coefficient of Aerosol Particles. Appl. Opt., 27:3060–3062.
  • Hearn, A. G. (1961). The Absorption of Ozone in the Ultraviolet and Visible Regions of the Spectrum. Proc. Phys. Soc., 78:932–940.
  • Heintzenberg, J., and Charlson, J. R. (1996). Design and Applications of the Integrating Nephelometer: A Review. J. Atmos. Ocean Tech., 13:987–1000.
  • International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). (2008). Environmental Protection: International Standards and Recommended Practices – Annex 16 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, 3rd ed., Vol.II, Aircraft Engine Emissions, Montreal, QC, Canada.
  • Johnson, T., Caldow, R., Pocher, A., Mirme, A., and Kittelson, D. B. (2004). An New Electrical Mobility Particle Sizer Spectrometer for Engine Exhaust Particle Measurements. SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-1341. Society of Automotive Engineers.
  • Lack, D. A., Lovejoy, E. R., Baynard, T., Pettersson, A., and Ravishankara, A. R. (2006). Aerosol Absorption Measurement Using Photoacoustic Spectroscopy; Sensitivity, Calibration, and Uncertainty Developments. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 40:697–708.
  • Lack, D. A., Cappa, D. C., Covert, S. D., Baynard, T., Massoli, P., Sierau, B., Bates, S. T., Quinn, K. P., Lovejoy, R. E., and Ravishankara, R. A. (2008). Bias in Filter-Based Aerosol Light Absorption Measurements Due to Organic Aerosol Loading: Evidence from Ambient Measurements. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 42:636–657.
  • Lack, D. A., Richardson, M. S., Law, D., Langridge, J. M., Cappa, C. D., Mclaughlin, R. J., and Murphy, D. M. (2012). Aircraft Instrument for Comprehensive Characterization of Aerosol Optical Properties, Part 2: Black and Brown Carbon Absorption and Absorption Enhancement Measured With Photo Acoustic Spectroscopy. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 46:555–568.
  • Lamsal, L. N., Martin, R. V., von Donekelaar, A., Steinbacher, M., Celarier, E. A., Bucsela, E., Dunlea, E. J., and Pinto, J. P. (2008). Ground-Level Nitrogen Dioxide Concentrations Inferred From the Satellite-Borne Ozone Monitoring Instrument. J. Geophys. Res., 113:D16308, doi:10.1029/2007JD009235
  • Lewis, K., Arnott, W. P, Moosmüller, H., and Wold, C. E. (2008). Strong Spectral Variation of Biomass Smoke Light Absorption and Single Scattering Albedo Observed With a Novel Dual-Wavelength Photoacoustic Instrument. J. Geophys. Res., 113:D16203, doi:10.1029/2007jd009699
  • Li, Z., Xia, X., Cribb, M., Mi, W., Holben, B., Wang, P., Chen, H., Tsay, S.-C., Eck, T., Zhao, F., Dutton, E., and Dickerson, R. (2007). Aerosol Optical Properties and Their Radiative Effects in Northern China. J. Geophys. Res., 112:D22S01, doi:10.1029/2006JD007382.
  • Li, J., Parchatka, U., Königstedt, R., and Fischer, H. (2012). Real-Time Measurements of Atmospheric CO Using a Continuous-Wave Room Temperature Quantum Cascade Laser Based Spectrometer. Opt. Exp., 20:7590–7601.
  • Liu, S., Aiken, A. C., Gorkowski, K., Dubey, M. K., Cappa, C. D., Williams, L. R., Herndon, S. C., Massoli, P., Fortner, E. C., Chhabra, P. S., Brooks, W. A., Onasch, T. B., Jayne, J. T., Worsnop, D. R., China, S., Sharma, N., Mazzoleni, C., Xu, L., Ng, N. L., Liu, D., Allan, J. D., Lee, J. D., Fleming, Z. L., Mohr, C., Zotter, P., Szidat, S., and Prévôt, A. S. H. (2015). Enhanced Light Absorption by Mixed Source Black and Brown Carbon Particles in UK Winter. Nat. Commun., 6:8435 doi:10.1038/ncomms9435
  • Lobo, P., Durdina, L., Smallwood, G. J., Rindlisbacher, T., Siegerist, F., Black, E. A., Yu, Z., Mensah, A. A., Hagen, D. E., Miake-Lye, R. C., Thomson, K. A., Brem, B. R., Corbin, J. C., Abegglen, M., Sierau, B., Whitefield, P. D., and Wang, J. (2015). Measurement of Aircraft Engine Non-volatile PM Emissions: Results of the Aviation – Particle Regulatory Instrument Demonstration Experiment (A-PRIDE) 4 Campaign. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 49:472–484.
  • Miklos, A., Hess, P, and Bozoki, Z. (2001). Application of Acoustic Resonators in Photoacoustic Trace Gas Analysis and Metrology. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 72:1937–1955.
  • Molina, L. T., and Molina, M. J. (1986). Absolute Absorption Cross Sections of Ozone in the 185- to 350-nm Wavelength Range. J. Geophys. Res. D, 91:14501–14508.
  • Montilla, E., Mogo, S., Cachorro, V., Lopez, J., and de Frutos, A. (2011). Absorption, Scattering and Single Scattering Albedo of Aerosols Obtained From in Situ Measurements in the Subarctic Coastal Region of Noway. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 11:2162–2182.
  • Moosmüller, H., Chakrabarty, R. K., and Arnott, W. P. (2009). Aerosol Light Absorption and Their Measurement: A Review. J. Quant. Spectrsc. Radiat. Transfer, 110:844–878.
  • Mulholland, G. W., and Choi, M. Y. (1998). Measurement of the Mass Specific Extinction Coefficient for Acetylene and Ethene Smoke Using the Large Agglomerate Optics Facility. Proceedings of the 27th Symposium (International) on Combustion, vol. 1, August 2–7, Boulder, CO. Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, pp. 1515–1522.
  • Nakayama, T., Suzuki, H., Kagaminani, S., Ikeda, Y., Uchiyama, A., and Matsumi, Y. (2015). Characterization of a Three Wavelength Photoacoustic Soot Spectrometer (PASS-3) and a Photoacoustic Extinctiometer (PAX). J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 93:285–308.
  • Osthoff, H. D., Brown, S. S., Ryerson, T. B., Fortin, T. J., Lerner, B. M., Williams, E. J., Pettersson, A., Baynard, T., Dubé, W. P., Ciciora, S. J., and Ravishankara, A. R. (2006). Measurement of Atmospheric NO2 by Pulsed Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy. J. Geophys. Res., 111:D12305, doi:10.1029/2005JD006942
  • Petzold, A. and Schonlinner, M. (2004). Multi-Angle Absorption Photometer – A New Method for the Measurement of Aerosol Light Absorption and Atmospheric Black Carbon. J. Aerosol Sci., 35:421–441.
  • Redmond, E. H., Dial, D. K., and Thompson, E. J. (2010). Light Scattering and Absorption by Wind Blown Dust: Theory, Measurement, and Recent Data. Aeolian Res., 2:5–26.
  • Rosengren, L.-G. (1975). Optimal Optoacoustic Detector Design. Appl. Opt., 14:1960–1976.
  • Rothman, L. S., et al. (2005). The HITRAN 2004 Molecular Spectroscopic Database. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 96:139–204.
  • Russell, P. B., Bergstrom, R. W., Shinozuka, Y., Clarke, A. D., DeCarlo, P. F., Jimenez, J. L., Livingston, J. M., Redemann, J., Dubovik, O., and Strawa, A. (2010). Absorption Angstrom Exponent in AERONET and Related Data as an Indicator of Aerosol Composition. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10:1155–1169.
  • Scherer, J. J., Paul, J. B., O'Keefe, A., and Saykally, R. J. (1997). Cavity Ringdown Laser Absorption Spectroscopy: History, Development and Application to Pulsed Molecular Beams. Chem. Rev., 97:25–51.
  • Sharma, N., Arnold, I. J., Moosmüller, H., Arnott, W. P., and Mazzoleni, C. (2013). Photoacoustic and Nephelometric Spectroscopy of Aerosol Optical Properties with a Supercontinuum Light Source. Atmos. Meas. Technol., 6:3501–3513.
  • Stier, P., Seinfeld, H. J., Kinne, S., and Boucher, O. (2007). Aerosol Absorption and Radiative Forcing. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7:5237–5261.
  • Tian, G., Moosmüller, H., and Arnott, W. P. (2009). Simultaneous Photoacoustic Spectroscopy of Aerosol and Oxygen a-Band Absorption for the Calibration of Aerosol Light Absorption Measurements. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 43:1084–1090.
  • Vandaele, A. C., Hermans, C., Fally, S., Carleer, M., Colin, R., Mériemme, M.-F., Jenouvrier, A., and Coquart, B. (2002). High-Resolution Fourier Transform Measurement of the NO2 Visible and Near-Infrared Absorption Cross Sections: Temperature and Pressure Effects. J. Geophys. Res., 107(D18):4348, doi:10.1029/2001JD000971
  • Voigt, S., Orphal, J., and Burrows, J. P. (2002). The Temperature and Pressure Dependence of the Absorption Cross-Sections of NO2 in the 250–800 nm Region Measured by Fourier-Transform Spectroscopy. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, 149:1–7.
  • Weingartner, E., Saathoff, H., Schnaiter, M., Streit, N., Bitnar, B., and Baltensperger, U. (2003). Absorption of Light by Soot Particles: Determination of the Absorption Coefficient by Means of Aethalometers. Aerosol Sci., 34:1445–1463.
  • Werle, P., Miicke, R., and Slemer, F. (1993). The Limits of Signal Averaging in Atmospheric Trace-Gas Monitoring by Tunable Diode-Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS). Appl. Phys. B, 57:131–139.
  • West, G. A., Barret, J. J., Siebert, D. R., and Reddy, K.V. (1983). Photoacoustic Spectroscopy. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 54:797–817.
  • Xue, J., Li, Y., Wang, X., Durbin, T. D., Johnson, K. C., Karavalakis, G., Asa-Awuku, A., Villela, M., Quiros, D., Hu, S., Huai, T., Ayala, A., and Jung, H. S. (2015). Comparison of Vehicle Exhaust Particle Size Distributions Measured by SMPS and EEPS during Steady-State Conditions. Aerosol Sci. Technol., 49:984–996.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.