1,142
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Impact of pre-charged particles on steady state and pulsed modes of unipolar diffusion chargers

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 512-525 | Received 07 Jul 2020, Accepted 20 Dec 2020, Published online: 19 Feb 2021

References

  • Bainschab, M., M. A. Schriefl, and A. Bergmann. 2020. Particle number measurements within periodic technical inspections: A first quantitative assessment of the influence of size distributions and the fleet emission reduction. Atmos. Environ. X 8:100095.
  • Biskos, G., K. Reavell, and N. Collings. 2005. Unipolar diffusion charging of aerosol particles in the transition regime. J. Aerosol Sci. 36 (2):247–65. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2004.09.002.
  • Burtscher, H., and A. Schmidt-Ott. 2006. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Messung von Anzahlkonzentration und mittlerem Durchmesser von Aerosolpartikeln. Patent EP1681551A1, filed December 19, December 2005, issued July 19, 2006.
  • Büscher, P., A. Schmidt-Ott, and A. Wiedensohler. 1994. Performance of a unipolar “square wave” diffusion charger with variable nt-product. J. Aerosol Sci. 25 (4):651–63. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(94)90006-X.
  • Chen, Y.-S. 2011. Condensation particle counters. In Aerosol measurement: Principles, techniques, and applications, ed. P. Kulkarni, P. Baron, and K. Willeke, chapter 17, 381–91. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Dhaniyala, S., M. Fierz, J. Keskinen, and M. Marjamäki. 2011. Instruments based on electrical detection of aerosols. In Aerosol measurement: Principles, techniques, and applications, ed. P. Kulkarni, P. Baron, and K. Willeke, chapter 18, 393–416. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Fierz, M., H. Burtscher, P. Steigmeier, and M. Kasper. 2008. Field measurement of particle size and number concentration with the diffusion size classifier (disc). SP-2150. SAE Technical Paper Series.
  • Fierz, M., C. Houle, P. Steigmeier, and H. Burtscher. 2011. Design, calibration, and field performance of a miniature diffusion size classifier. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 45 (1):1–10. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2010.516283.
  • Fierz, M., D. Meier, P. Steigmeier, and H. Burtscher. 2014. Aerosol measurement by induced currents aerosol measurement by induced currents. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 48 (4):350–7. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2013.875981.
  • Fierz, M., L. Scherrer, and H. Burtscher. 2002. Real-time measurement of aerosol size distributions with an electrical diffusion battery. 33 (7):1049–60.
  • Giechaskiel, B., P. Bonnel, A. Perujo, and P. Dilara. 2019. Solid particle number (SPN) portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) in the European Legislation: A review. IJERPH. 16 (23):4819. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234819.
  • Giechaskiel, B., T. Lahde, R. Suarez-Bertoa, M. Clairotte, T. Grigoratos, A. Zardini, A. Perujo, and G. Martini. 2018. Particle number measurements in the European legislation and future JRC activities. Combust Engines 174 (3):3–16.
  • Hinds, W. C. 1999. Aerosol technology: Properties, behavior, and measurement of airborne particles. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Keskinen, J., K. Pietarinen, and M. Lehtimäki. 1992. Electrical low pressure impactor. J. Aerosol Sci. 23 (4):353–60. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(92)90004-F.
  • Mamakos, A., M. Schwelberger, M. Fierz, and B. Giechaskiel. 2019. Effect of selective catalytic reduction on exhaust nonvolatile particle emissions of euro vi heavy-duty compression ignition vehicles. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 53 (8):898–910. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2019.1610153.
  • Maricq, M. M. 2006. On the electrical charge of motor vehicle exhaust particles. J. Aerosol Sci. 37 (7):858–74. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2005.08.003.
  • Maricq, M. M. 2013. Monitoring motor vehicle PM emissions: An evaluation of three portable low-cost aerosol instruments. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 47 (5):564–73. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2013.773394.
  • Nishida, R. T., A. M. Boies, and S. Hochgreb. 2017. Modelling of direct ultraviolet photoionization and charge recombination of aerosol nanoparticles in continuous flow. J. Appl. Phys. 121 (2):023104. doi:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4972335.
  • Nishida, R. T., T. J. Johnson, J. S. Hassim, B. M. Graves, A. M. Boies, and S. Hochgreb. 2020. A simple method for measuring fine-to-ultrafine aerosols using bipolar charge equilibrium. ACS Sens. 5 (2):447–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.9b02143.
  • Nishida, R. T., N. M. Yamasaki, M. A. Schriefl, A. M. Boies, and S. Hochgreb. 2019. Modelling the effect of aerosol polydispersity on unipolar charging and measurement in low-cost sensors. J. Aerosol Sci. 130:10–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2019.01.003.
  • Qi, C., C. Asbach, W. G. Shin, H. Fissan, and D. Y. H. Pui. 2009. The effect of particle pre-existing charge on unipolar charging and its implication on electrical aerosol measurements. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 43 (3):232–40. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820802587912.
  • Schriefl, M. A. 2019. Particle number sensing based on electrical charging techniques. PhD thesis, Graz University of Technology.
  • Schriefl, M. A., A. Bergmann, and M. Fierz. 2019. Design principles for sensing particle number concentration and mean particle size with unipolar diffusion charging. IEEE Sens.J. 19 (4):1392–9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2018.2880278.
  • Schriefl, M. A., R. T. Nishida, M. Knoll, A. M. Boies, and A. Bergmann. 2020. Characterization of particle number counters based on pulsed-mode diffusion charging. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 54 (7):772–89. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2020.1724257.
  • Schwelberger, M., A. Mamakos, M. Fierz, and B. Giechaskiel. 2019. Experimental assessment of an electrofilter and a tandem positive-negative corona charger for the measurement of charged nanoparticles formed in selective catalytic reduction systems. Appl. Sci. 9 (6):1051–17. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/app9061051.
  • Shin, W. G., J. Wang, M. Mertler, B. Sachweh, H. Fissan, and D. Y. H. Pui. 2010. The effect of particle morphology on unipolar diffusion charging of nanoparticle agglomerates in the transition regime. J. Aerosol Sci. 41 (11):975–86. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2010.07.004.
  • Walker, D., T. Johnson, R. Nishida, J. Symonds, K. Reavell, M. Bainschab, and A. Bergmann. 2018. Uniformity of particle concentration after mixing aerosol flows. Paper presented at the 10th International Aerosol Conference (IAC), St Louis, September 2–7.
  • WHO. 2013. Health effects of particulate matter. policy implications for countries in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia. Copenhagen, Denmark: WHO Regional Office for Europe.
  • Wiedensohler, A. 1988. An approximation of the bipolar charge distribution for particles in the submicron size range. J. Aerosol Sci. 19 (3):387–9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(88)90278-9.