Benzodiazepine Dependency Syndromes

REFERENCES

• Bawt , W. 1964 . Diazepam withdrawal symptoms . British Medical Journal , Vol. 4 : 285
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavanaugh , D. and Condo , D. S. 1964 . Diazepam a pilot study of drug concentrations in maternal blood, amniotic fluid and cord blood . Current Therapeutic Research , Vol. 6 : 122
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Covi , L. , Lipman , R. S. , Pattison , J. H. , Derogatis , L. R. and Uhlenhuth , E. H. 1973 . Length of treatment with anxiolytic sedatives and response to their sudden withdrawal . Acta Psycbiatrica Scandinavica , Vol. 49 ( 1 ) : 51 – 64 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Errkola , R. , Kangas , L. and Pekkarinen , A. 1973 . The transfer of diazepam across the placenta during labor . Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica , Vol. 52 ( 2 ) : 167 – 170 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glaubiger , G. and Lefkowitz , R. J. 1977 . Elevated β-adrenergic receptor number after chronic propranolol treatment . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications , Vol. 78 : 720 – 725 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison , D. C. and Alderman , E. L. 1976 . Discontinuation of propranolol therapy: Cause of rebound angina pectoris and acute coronary events . Chest , Vol. 69 : 1 – 2 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hollister , L. E. 1980 . Benzodiazepines 1980: Current update . Psychosomattes , Vol, 21 : 1 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• Hollister , L. E. , Bennett , J. L. , Kimbell , I. Jr. , Savage , C. and Overall , J. E . 1963 . Diazepam in newly admitted schizophrenics . Diseases of the Nervous System , Vol. 24 : 746 – 750 .
   Google Scholar
• Hollister , L. E. , Motzenbecker , F. P. and Degan , R. O. 1961 . Withdrawal reactions from chlordiazepoxide (Librium®) . Psychopharmacologia , Vol. 2 ( 1 ) : 63 – 68 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iversen , L. L. and Bloom , F. E. 1972 . Studies of the uptake of ³H-GABA and (³H)glycine in slices and homogenates of rat brain and spinal cord by electron microscope autoradiography . Brain Research , Vol. 41 : 131 – 143 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston , G. A.R. and Willow , M. B. 1981 . “ Barbiturates and GABA receptors. ” . In GABA and Benzodiazepine Receptors. Edited by: Costa , E. , Di Chiari , G. and Gessa , G. L. New York : Raven Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Kolata , G. 1982 . New Valiums and anti-Valiums on the horizon . Science , Vol. 216 : 604 – 605 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lader , M. 1983 . Dependence on benzodiazepines . Journal of Clinical Psychiatry , Vol. 44 ( 4 ) : 121 – 127 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeBellec , M , Bismuth , C. H. , Lagier , G. and Dally , S. 1980 . Severe withdrawal symptoms after benzodiazepines are discontinued: Six elinical cases . Therapie , Vol. 35 : 113 – 118 .
   Google Scholar
• Marks , J. 1978 . The Benzodiazepines: Use, Overuse, Misuse, Abuse. Lancaster , , England : MTP Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Mazzi , E. 1977 . Possible neonatal diazepam withdrawal: A case report . American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Vol. 129 : 586 – 587 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy , G. T. , O'Connell , B. and Robinson , A. E. 1973 . Blood levels of diazepam in infants of two mothers given large doses of diazepam during labor . Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the British Commonwealth , Vol. 80 ( 4 ) : 349 – 352 .
   Google Scholar
• Merz , W. A and Ballmer , U. 1983 . Symptoms of the barbiturate/ benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome in healthy volunteers: Standardized assessment by a newly developed self-rating scale . Journal of Psychoactive Drugs , Vol. 15 ( 1–2 )
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Möhler , H. and Okada , T. 1977 . Benzodiazepine receptors: Demonstration in the central nervous system . Science , Vol. 198 : 849 – 851 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen , R. W. and Loeb-Lundberg , F. 1981 . “ Convulsant and anticonvulsant drug binding sites related to GABA-regulated chloride ion channels. ” . In GABA and Benzodiazepine Receptors. Edited by: Costa , E. , DiChiari , G. and Gessa , G. L. New York : Raven Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Rementeria , J. L. and Bhatt , K. 1977 . Withdrawal symptoms in neonates from intrauterine exposure to diazepam . Journal of Pediatrics , Vol. 90 : 123 – 126 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salzman , C. , Shader , R. I. , Greenblatt , D. J. and Harmatz , J. S. 1983 . Long vs. short halflife benzodiazepines in the elderly . Archives of General Psychiatry , Vol. 40 : 293 – 297 .
   Google Scholar
• Skolnick , P. , Moncada , V. , Barker , J. L. and Paul , S. M. 1981 . Pentobarbital: Dual actions to increase brain benzodiazepine receptor affinity . Science , Vol. 211 : 1448 – 1450 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , D. E. Prescription drugs and the alcoholic: The benzodiazepines - therapeutic and dependence considerations . Proceedings of the Eisenhower Medical Center Conference on Alcoholism . pp. 42 – 48 . Winter
   Google Scholar
• Smith , D. E. 1979 . Importance of gradual reduction following low-dose benzodiazepine therapy . Newsletter, California Society for the Treatment of Alcoholism and Other Drug Dependencies , Vol. 6 ( 2 ) : 1 – 3 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , D. E. and Wesson , D. R. 1970 . A new method for treatment of barbiturate dependence . Journal of the American Medical Association , Vol. 213 ( 2 ) : 294 – 295 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snyder , S. H. 1981 . Benzodiazepine receptors . Psychiatric Annals , Vol. 11 : 19 – 23 .
   Google Scholar
• Synder , S. H. 1979 . Receptors, neurotransmitters and drug responses . New England Journal of Medicine , Vol. 300 ( 9 ) : 465 – 472 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snyder , S. H. and Enna , S. J. 1975 . “ The role of central glycine receptors in the pharmacological actions of benzodiazepines. ” . In Mechanism of Action of Benzodiazepines. Edited by: Costa , E. and Greengard , P. New York : Raven Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Squires , R. F. and Braestrup , C. 1977 . Benzodiazepine receptors in rat brain . Nature , Vol. 266 : 732 – 734 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Geyn , H , Kenemans , P. , Vree , T. , van der Kleijn , E. and Eskes , T. Pharmacokinetics of diazepam (D) and desmethyl-diazepam (DD) in pregnant women and their children, and occurrence in breastmilk . Proceedings of the VI International Congress of Pharmacology . Helsinki . pp. 514
   Google Scholar
• Wesson , D. R and Smith , D. E. 1982 . Low dose benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome: Receptor site mediated . News, California Society for the Treatment of Alcoholism and Other Drug Dependencies , Vol. 9 ( 1 ) : 1 – 5 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winokur , A. , Rickels , K. , Greenblatt , D. J. , Snyder , P. J. and Schatz , N. 1980 . Withdrawal reaction from long-term, low-dosage administration of diazepam: A double-blind placebo-controlled case study . Archives of General Psychiatry , Vol. 37 : 101 – 105 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar