119
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Heartwood diameter measurements in Pinus sylvestris sawlogs combining X-ray and three-dimensional scanning

&
Pages 182-188 | Received 23 Sep 2008, Published online: 13 May 2009

References

  • Anon . 2006 . Matlab (Version 7.2) [Computer software] . Natick, MA : MathWorks .
  • Anon . 2008a . MPM Engineering., Surrey, British Columbia, Canada . http://www.mpmeng.com
  • Anon . 2008b . RemaControl Sweden, Västerås, Sweden . http://www.remacontrol.se
  • Arnerup , F. 2002 . Infrared imaging of Scots pine cross sections: Automatic heartwood size measurements . Master of Science Thesis. Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm .
  • Aune , J. E. 1995 . An X-ray log-scanner for sawmills . In O. Lindgren Proceedings from the 2nd International Seminar/Workshop on Scanning Technology and Image Processing on Wood (pp. 52 – 64 ). Luleå University of Technology, Technical Report 1995:22 T .
  • Björklund , L. 1999 . Identifying heartwood-rich stands or stems of Pinus sylvestris by using inventory data . Silva Fennica , 33 : 119 – 129 .
  • David , A. J. , Karasek , T. S. and Ramm , C. W. 1993 . A comparison of ultraviolet light and benzidine stain for determining heartwood–sapwood boundaries in red pine . Canadian Journal of Forest Research , 23 : 1242 – 1243 .
  • Flæte , P. O. & Haartveit , E. Y. 2003 . Differentiation of Scots pine heartwood and sapwood by near infrared spectroscopy . In Proceedings of the 34th Annual Meeting of the International Research Group on Wood Protection , Brisbane, Australia, May 18–23, 2003 .
  • Grace , L. A. 1994 . Design and evaluation of an optical scanner based log grading and sorting system for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sawlogs (pp. 7 – 21 ). Doctoral thesis. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala .
  • Gjerdrum , P. and Høibø , O. 2004 . Heartwood detection in Scots pine by means of heat-sensitive infrared images . Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , 62 : 131 – 136 .
  • Grundberg , S. 1994 . Scanning for internal defects in logs (pp. 3 – 6 ). Luleå University of Technology, Licentiate thesis 1994:14 L .
  • Grundberg , S. & Grönlund , A. 1995 . The development of a LogScanner for Scots pine . In O. Lindgren Proceedings from the 2nd International Seminar/Workshop on Scanning Technology and Image Processing on Wood (pp. 39 – 50 ). Luleå University of Technology, Technical Report 1995:22 T .
  • Grundberg , S. , Grönlund , A. & Lindgren , O. 1990 . Accuracy demands at inner log quality scanning—Part 1 . TräteknikCentrum Rapport I 9005020. (In Swedish with English summary.)
  • Grundberg , S. , Fredriksson , J. , Oja , J. & Andersson C. 2001 . Förbättrade metoder vid användning av 3D-mätramar [Improved methods when using 3D scanners]. Trätek Rapport P 0112048. (In Swedish.)
  • Hyvärinen , V. 2007 . Non-contact ultrasonic inspection of boards . In Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Nondestructive Testing of Wood , Duluth, MN, September 10–12, 2007 .
  • Jäppinen , A. and Nylinder , M. 1997 . Automatic sorting of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) sawlogs by grade . Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff , 55 : 301 – 305 .
  • Oja , J. & Berg , P. 2006 . Grading pine heartwood raw material for joinery industry . SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, SP Report 2006:03. (In Swedish with English summary.)
  • Oja , J. , Broman , O. & Lindfors , S. E. 1999 . Projektrapport: Timmerinmätningsstöd [Project report: Tool for grading logs for payment]. Luleå University of Technology, Technical Report 1999:15. (In Swedish with English summary.)
  • Oja , J. , Grundberg , S. , Fredriksson , J. and Berg , P. 2004 . Automatic grading of sawlogs: A comparison between X-ray scanning, optical three-dimensional scanning and combinations of both methods . Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research , 19 : 89 – 95 .
  • Oja , J. , Grundberg , S. , Berg , P. & Fjellström , P. A. 2006 . Equipment for measuring fibre angle and heartwood content in sawn wood during transverse feed in the green sorting . SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, SP Report 2006:16. (In Swedish with English summary.)
  • Sellin , A. 1994 . Sapwood–heartwood proportion related to tree diameter, age, and growth rate in Picea abies . Canadian Journal of Forest Research , 24 : 1022 – 1028 .
  • Skog , J. 2006 . Identification of pine heartwood using UV fluorescence . SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, SP Report 2006:14. (In Swedish with English summary.)
  • Skog , J. & Oja , J. 2007 . Improved log sorting combining X-ray and 3D scanning—A preliminary study . In M. Grzeskiewicz Proceedings of the Conference on Quality Control for Wood and Wood Products (pp. 133 – 140 ), Warsaw, Poland, October 15–17, 2007. Faculty of Wood Technology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences .
  • Taylor , A. M. , Gartner , B. L. and Morrell , J. J. 2002 . Heartwood formation and natural durability—A review . Wood and Fiber Science , 34 : 587 – 611 .
  • Wilhelmsson , L. , Arlinger , J. , Spångberg , K. , Lundqvist , S. O. , Grahn , T. , Hedenberg , Ö. and Olsson , L. 2002 . Models for predicting wood properties in stems of Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris in Sweden . Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research , 17 : 330 – 350 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.