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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

The structure and regeneration of high-altitude Norway spruce forests: a review of Arnborg (1942, 1943)

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Pages 17-24 | Published online: 22 Oct 2010

References

  • Arnborg T. 1942 Lågaföryngringen i en syd-lappländsk granurskog [Log regeneration in a primeval spruce forest in southern Lapland] Svenska Skogsvårdsföreningens Tidskrift 40 , 47 78 (In Swedish.)
  • Arnborg T. 1943 Granberget—En växtbiologisk undersökning av ett sydlappländskt granskogsområde med särskild hänsyn till skogstyper och föryngring [Granberget—A plant biological investigations of a spruce forest area in southern Lapland with special emphasize on forest types and regeneration] Norrländskt Handbibliotek, XIV Uppsala Almqvist & Wiksell (In Swedish.)
  • Arnborg , T. 1945 . Det nordsvenska skogstypsschemat [The north Swedish forest type system] , 1st ed. , Stockholm : Svenska skogsvårdsförbundet. (In Swedish.) .
  • Arnborg , T. 1990 . Forest types of northern Sweden. Introduction to and translation of “Det nordsvenska skogstypsschemat” . Vegetatio , 90 : 1 – 13 .
  • Edman , M. , Jönsson , M. and Jonsson , B. G. 2007 . Small-scale fungal- and wind-mediated disturbances strongly influence the temporal availability of logs in an old-growth Picea abies forest . Ecological Applications , 17 : 482 – 490 .
  • Eneroth O. 1931 Om skogstyper och föryngringsförhållanden inom lappmarken, I [On forest types and regeneration conditions in Lapland, I] Norrlands Skogsvårdsförbunds Tidskrift Stockholm
  • Eneroth O. 1934 Om skogstyper och föryngringsförhållanden inom lappmarken, II [On forest types and regeneration conditions in Lapland, II] Norrlands Skogsvårdsförbunds Tidskrift Stockholm
  • Esseen , P.-A. 1994 . Tree mortality patterns after experimental fragmentation of an old-growth conifer forest . Biological Conservation , 68 : 19 – 28 .
  • Fraver , S. , Jonsson , B. G. , Jönsson , M. and Esseen , P.-A. 2008 . Demographics and disturbance history of a boreal old-growth Picea abies forest . Journal of Vegetation Science , 19 : 789 – 798 .
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  • Hofgaard A. 1993a Natural dynamics of old-growth Picea abies forest—Spatial and temporal patterns, northern Sweden Doctoral dissertation, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå
  • Hofgaard A. 1993b 50 years of change in a Swedish boreal oldgrowth Picea abies forest Journal of Vegetation Science 4 , 773 782
  • Hofgaard , A. 1993c . Structure and regeneration patterns in a virgin Picea abies forest in northern Sweden . Journal of Vegetation Science , 4 : 601 – 608 .
  • Hofgaard , A. , Kullman , L. and Alexandersson , H. 1991 . Response of old-growth montane Picea abies (L.) Karst. forest to climatic variability in northern Sweden . New Phytologist , 119 : 585 – 594 .
  • Hytteborn , H. and Packham , J. R. 1987 . Decay rate of Picea abies logs and the storm gap theory: A reexamination of Sernander plot III, Fiby Urskog, central Sweden . Agricultural Journal , 11 : 299 – 311 .
  • Hytteborn , H. , Packham , J. R. and Verwjist , T. 1987 . Tree population dynamics, stand structure and species composition in the montane virgin forest of Vallibäcken, northern Sweden . Vegetatio , 72 : 3 – 19 .
  • Kujala V. 1927 Untersuchungen über Waldtypen den Bau und die Keimfähigkeit von Kiefern und Fichtensamen in Finland Communicationes Instituti Quaestionum Forestalis Finlandie 12
  • Nordfors G. 1921 Något om den vegetative föryngringen i våra skogar med särskild hänsyn till granens föryngring i fjällskog Norrlands Skogsvårdsförbunds Tidskrift Stockholm
  • Nordhagen R. 1928 Die Vegetation und Flora des Sylenegebietes Skrifter utgivne av Det norske videnskaps akademi. I. Matematiak-naturvidenskapelig Klasse 1927, No. 1 Oslo
  • Pickett , S. T. A. and White , P. S. 1985 . The ecology of natural disturbance and patch dynamics , London : Academic Press .
  • Sernander R. 1936 Granskär och Fiby urskog. En studie över stormluckornas och marbuskarnas betydelse i den svenska granskogens regeneration [The primitive forests of Granskär and Fiby. A study of the part played by storm-gaps and dwarf trees in the regeneration of the Swedish spruce forest] Acta Phytogeographica Suecica 8 , 1 232 (In Swedish with English summary.)
  • Sirén , G. 1955 . On the development of spruce forests on raw humus sites in north Finland and its ecology . Acta Forestalia Fennica , 62 : 1 – 363 .

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