Clinical outcome in hypertensive patients treated with amlodipine plus bisoprolol or plus valsartan

References

• Foreman KJ, Marquez N, Dolgert A, et al. Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016-40 for 195 countries and territories. Lancet. 2018;392(10159):2052–2090. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31694-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, et al. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: update from the GBD 2019 study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76(25):2982–3021. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al. ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2018;138(17):e426–e483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unger T, Borghi C, Charchar F, et al. 2020 International Society of Hypertension global hypertension practice guidelines. Hypertension. 2020;75(6):1334–1357. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancia G, Kreutz R, Brunström M, et al. 2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension: endorsed by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) and the European Renal Association (ERA). J Hypertens. 2023;41(12):1874–2071. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003480.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindholm LH, Carlberg B, Samuelsson O. Should beta blockers remain first choice in the treatment of primary hypertension? A meta-analysis. Lancet. 2005;366(9496):1545–1553. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67573-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomopoulos C, Parati G, Zanchetti A. Effects of blood pressure-lowering on outcome incidence in hypertension: 5. Head-to-head comparisons of various classes of antihypertensive drugs - overview and meta-analyses. J Hypertens. 2015;33(7):1321–1341. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000614.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomopoulos C, Bazoukis G, Tsioufis C, et al. Beta-blockers in hypertension: overview and meta-analysis of randomized outcome trials. J Hypertens. 2020;38(9):1669–1681. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000002523.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei J, Galaviz KI, Kowalski AJ, et al. Comparison of cardiovascular events among users of different classes of antihypertension medications: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(2):e1921618. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.21618.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlöf B, Devereux RB, Kjeldsen SE, et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the losartan intervention for endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet. 2002;359(9311):995–1003. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08089-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlöf B, Sever PS, Poulter NR, for the ASCOT investigators, et al. Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the AngloScandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2005;366(9489):895–906. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67185-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlberg B, Samuelsson O, Lindholm LH. Atenolol in hypertension: is it a wise choice? Lancet. 2004;364(9446):1684–1689. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17355-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Egan BM, Bandyopadhyay D, Shaftman SR, et al. Initial monotherapy and combination therapy and hypertension control the first year. Hypertension. 2012;59(6):1124–1131. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.194167.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rea F, Corrao G, Merlino L, et al. Early cardiovascular protection by initial two-drug fixed-dose combination treatment vs. monotherapy in hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(40):3654–3661. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy420.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joint Committee for Guideline Revision. 2018 Chinese guidelines for prevention and treatment of hypertension-a report of the Revision Committee of Chinese Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension. J Geriatr Cardiol. 2019;16(3):182–241. doi: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2019.03.014.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee H-Y, Shin J, Kim G-H, et al. 2018 Korean Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the management of hypertension: part II-diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. Clin Hypertens. 2019;25(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s40885-019-0124-x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wang T-D, Chiang C-E, Chao T-H, et al. 2022 Guidelines of the Taiwan Society of Cardiology and the Taiwan Hypertension Society for the management of hypertension. Acta Cardiol Sin. 2022;38(3):225–325. doi: 10.6515/ACS.202205_38(3).20220321A.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CIBIS-II Investigators and Committees. The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial. Lancet. 1999;353(9146):9–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• da Silva PM. Efficacy of fixed-dose combination therapy in the treatment of patients with hypertension: focus on amlodipine/valsartan. Clin Drug Investig. 2010;30(9):625–641. doi: 10.2165/11538440-000000000-00000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottwald-Hostalek U, Sun N, Barho C, et al. Management of hypertension with a fixed-dose (single-pill) combination of bisoprolol and amlodipine. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev. 2017;6(1):9–18. doi: 10.1002/cpdd.309.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng CL, Lee CH, Chen PS, et al. Validation of acute myocardial infarction cases in the national health insurance research database in Taiwan. J Epidemiol. 2014;24(6):500–507. doi: 10.2188/jea.je20140076.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsieh CY, Chen CH, Li CY, et al. Validating the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke in a National Health Insurance claims database. J Formos Med Assoc. 2015;114(3):254–259. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2013.09.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsieh MT, Hsieh CY, Tsai TT, et al. Performance of ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes for identifying acute ischemic stroke in a National Health Insurance claims database. Clin Epidemiol. 2020;12:1007–1013. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S273853.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austin PC, Lee DS, Fine JP. Introduction to the analysis of survival data in the presence of competing risks. Circulation. 2016;133(6):601–609. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.017719.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuzaki M, Ogihara T, Umemoto S, et al. Prevention of cardiovascular events with calcium channel blocker-based combination therapies in patients with hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. J Hypertens. 2011;29(8):1649–1659. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e328348345d.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin J, Guo Q, Lu Z, et al. Cardiovascular outcomes of β-blocker-calcium channel blocker initial dual therapy vs. other initial dual therapies in Chinese patients with hypertension: a real-world retrospective study. J Clin Hypertens. 2023;25(5):440–452. doi: 10.1111/jch.14665.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams B, Lacy PS, Thom SM, et al. Differential impact of blood pressure-lowering drugs on central aortic pressure and clinical outcomes: principal results of the Conduit Artery Function Evaluation (CAFE) study. Circulation. 2006;113(9):1213–1225. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.595496.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber MA. The role of the new beta-blockers in treating cardiovascular disease. Am J Hypertens. 2005;18(12 Pt 2):169S–176S. doi: 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.09.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou W-J, Wang R-Y, Li Y, et al. A randomized controlled study on the effects of bisoprolol and atenolol on sympathetic nervous activity and central aortic pressure in patients with essential hypertension. PLOS One. 2013;8(9):e72102. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng W, Tomlinson B. Effect of bisoprolol on central aortic systolic pressure in Chinese hypertensive patients after the initial dose and long-term treatment. Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2022;22(3):427–434. doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2021.6483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashes C, Judelman S, Wijeysundera DN, et al. Selective β1-antagonism with bisoprolol is associated with fewer postoperative strokes than atenolol or metoprolol: a single-center cohort study of 44,092 consecutive patients. Anesthesiology. 2013;119(4):777–787. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3182a17f12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar