RANKL interferes with osteoclastogenesis in PEG-fused U937 cells through LGR4

References

• Xing L, Schwarz EM, Boyce BF. Osteoclast precursors, RANKL/RANK, and immunology. Immunol Rev. 2005;208:19–29. doi:10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00336.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitaura H, Zhou P, Kim HJ, Novack DV, Ross FP, Teitelbaum SL. M-CSF mediates TNF-induced inflammatory osteolysis. J Clin Invest. 2005;115:3418–3427. doi:10.1172/JCI26132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim B, Lee KY, Park B. Icariin abrogates osteoclast formation through the regulation of the RANKL-mediated TRAF6/NF-κB/ERK signaling pathway in Raw264.7 cells. Phytomedicine. 2018;51:181–190. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2018.06.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park JH, Lee NK, Lee SY. Current understanding of RANK signaling in osteoclast differentiation and maturation. Mol Cells. 2017;40:706–713. doi:10.14348/molcells.2017.0225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang JY, Kang N, Yang YM, Hong JH, Shin DM. The role of Ca2±nfatc1 signaling and its modulation on osteoclastogenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21:1–21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murillo A, Guerrero CA, Acosta O, Cardozo CA. Bone resorptive activity of osteoclast-like cells generated in vitro by PEG-induced macrophage fusion. Biol Res. 2010;43:205–224. doi:10.4067/S0716-97602010000200009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castillo LM, Guerrero CA, Acosta O. Expression of typical osteoclast markers by PBMCs after PEG-induced fusion as a model for studying osteoclast differentiation. J Mol Histol. 2017;48:169–185. doi:10.1007/s10735-017-9717-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manrique E, Castillo LM, Lazala O, Guerrero CA, Acosta O. Bone resorptive activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after fusion with polyethylene glycol. J Bone Miner Metab. 2016;35:127–141. doi:10.1007/s00774-016-0744-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davidson RL, Gerald PS. Improved techniques for the induction of mammalian somatic cell hybridization by polyethylene glycol. Methods Cell Biol. 1977;15:325–338.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Luo J, Yang Z, Ma Y, Yue Z, Lin H, Qu G, Huang J, Dai W, Li C, Zheng C, Xu L, Chen H, Wang J, Li D, Siwko S, Penninger JM, Ning G, Xiao J, Liu M. LGR4 is a receptor for RANKL and negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Nat Med. 2016;22(5):539–546. doi:10.1038/nm.4076.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang H, Liang F, Yue J, Liu P, Wang J, Wang Z, Li H, Cheng D, Du J, Zhang K, Du P. MicroRNA‑137 regulates hypoxia‑mediated migration and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer by targeting LGR4 via the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway. Int J Oncol. 2020;57:540–549. doi:10.3892/ijo.2020.5064.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shan H, Chu Y, Chang P, Yang L, Wang Y, Zhu S, Zhang M, Tao L. Neuroprotective effects of hydrogen sulfide on sodium azide-induced autophagic cell death in PC12 cells. Mol Med Rep. 2017;16:5938–5946. doi:10.3892/mmr.2017.7363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakashima T, Hayashi M, Fukunaga T, Kurata K, Oh-Hora M, Feng JQ, Bonewald LF, Kodama T, Wutz A, Wagner EF, Penninger JM, Takayanagi H. Evidence for osteocyte regulation of bone homeostasis through RANKL expression. Nat Med. 2011;17:1231–1234. doi:10.1038/nm.2452.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levaot N, Ottolenghi A, Mann M, Guterman-Ram G, Kam Z, Geiger B. Osteoclast fusion is initiated by a small subset of RANKL-stimulated monocyte progenitors, which can fuse to RANKL-unstimulated progenitors. Bone. 2015;79:21–28. doi:10.1016/j.bone.2015.05.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheung DT, Perelman N, Ko EC, Nimni ME. Mechanism of crosslinking of proteins by glutaraldehyde III. Reaction with collagen in tissues. Connect Tissue Res. 1985;13:109–115. doi:10.3109/03008208509152389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verrier S, Hogan A, McKie N, Horton M. ADAM gene expression and regulation during human osteoclast formation. Bone. 2004;35:34–46. doi:10.1016/j.bone.2003.12.029.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeo CE, Kang WY, Seong SJ, Cho S, Lee HW, Yoon Y-R, Kim H-J. Neuromedin B and its receptor silencing suppresses osteoclast generation by modulating precursor proliferation via M-CSF/c-Fms/D-type cyclins. Exp Cell Res. 2017;359:112–119. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.08.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee K, Chung YH, Ahn H, Kim H, Rho J, Jeong D. Selective regulation of MAPK signaling mediates RANKL-dependent osteoclast differentiation. Int J Biol Sci. 2016;12:235–245. doi:10.7150/ijbs.13814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okuma E, Saeki K, Shimura M, Ishizaka Y, Yasugi E, Yuo A. Induction of apoptosis in human hematopoietic U937 cells by granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor: possible existence of caspase 3-like pathway. Leukemia. 2000;14:612–619. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2401716.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Y, Wang C, Wang G, Sun Y, Deng Z, Chen L, Chen K, Tickner J, Kenny J, Song D, Zhang Q, Wang H, Chen Z, Zhou C, He W, Xu J. Loureirin B suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and ovariectomized osteoporosis via attenuating NFATc1 and ROS activities. Theranostics. 2019;9:4648–4662. doi:10.7150/thno.35414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller AMJ, Delaissé JM, Søe K. Osteoclast fusion: Time-lapse reveals involvement of CD47 and Syncytin-1 at different stages of nuclearity. J Cell Physiol. 2017;232:1396–1403. doi:10.1002/jcp.25633.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng XZ, He L-G, Wang S, Wang K, Zhang Y-Y, Tao L, Li X-J, Liu S-W. Aconine inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells by suppressing NF-κB and NFATc1 activation and DC-STAMP expression. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2016;37:255–263. doi:10.1038/aps.2015.85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krönke G, Uderhardt S, Kim K-A, Stock M, Scholtysek C, Zaiss MM, Surmann-Schmitt C, Luther J, Katzenbeisser J, David J-P, Abdollahi-Roodsaz S, Tran K, Bright JM, Binnerts ME, Akhmetshina A, Böhm C, Distler JH, Joosten LAB, Schett G, Abo A. R-Spondin 1 protects against inflammatory bone damage during murine arthritis by modulating the Wnt pathway. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62:2303–2312. doi:10.1002/art.27496.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hrdlicka HC, Lee S-K, Delany AM. MicroRnas are critical regulators of osteoclast differentiation. Curr Mol Biol Reports. 2019;5:65–74. doi:10.1007/s40610-019-0116-3.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cong F, Wu N, Tian X, Fan J, Liu J, Song T, Fu H. MicroRNA-34c promotes osteoclast differentiation through targeting LGR4. Gene. 2017;610:1–8. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2017.01.028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar