Comprehensive analysis on material and exergy balances of oxygen blast furnace

References

• IEA. Energy balance flows. Paris: IEA Publications. 2015. Available from: http://www.iea.org/Sankey/index.html#?c=World&s=Finalconsumption
   Google Scholar
• Du T, Shi T, Liu Y, et al. Energy consumption and its influencing factors of iron and steel enterprise. J Iron Steel Res Int. 2013;20:8–13. doi: 10.1016/S1006-706X(13)60134-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orth A, Anastasijevic N, Eichberger H. Low CO2 emission technologies for iron and steelmaking as well as titania slag production. Miner Eng. 2007;20:854–861. doi: 10.1016/j.mineng.2007.02.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu KD. Low carbon economy and iron and steel industry. Iron Steel. 2010;45:1–12. [in Chinese]
   Google Scholar
• Nogami H, Yagi J, Kitamura S, et al. Analysis on material and energy balances of ironmaking systems on blast furnace operations with metallic charging, top gas recycling and natural gas injection. ISIJ Int. 2006;46:1759–1766. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.46.1759
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ariyama T, Sato M, Nouchi T, et al. Evolution of blast furnace process toward reductant flexibility and carbon dioxide mitigation in steel works. ISIJ Int. 2016;56:1681–1696. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2016-210
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooey L, Wikström I, Sikström P. The future of blast furnace ironmaking-nordic perspective. World Steel. 2011;11:1.
   Google Scholar
• Han YH, Xue QG, Li YZ. Prospect analysis on new ironmaking technology of oxygen blast furnace and gas-recycle. Adv Mater Res. 2011;146–147:417–423.
   Google Scholar
• Wenzel W, Gudenau HW., et al. Hochofenproze β mit maximaler Verwendung von regeneriertem Gichtgas. Germany Patent No. 2257922.2; 1972.
   Google Scholar
• Fink F. Suspension smelting reduction – a new method of hot iron production. Steel Times(UK). 1996;224:398–399.
   Google Scholar
• Lu WK, Kumar RV. The feasibility of nitrogen free blast furnace operation. ISS Trans. 1984;2:25-31
   Google Scholar
• Qin MS, Gao ZK, Wang GL. Blast furnace operation with full oxygen blast. Ironmak Steelmak. 1988;6:287–292.
   Google Scholar
• Matsuura M, Mitsufuji H, Furukawa T, et al. Development of the oxygen blast furnace process. The Sixth IISC. 1990;2:581–588.
   Google Scholar
• Gao ZK, Zhang JL, Kong LT. New oxygen-coal blast furnace processes. Iron Steel. 1993;9:9–13. [in Chinese]
   Google Scholar
• Meijer K, Denys M, Lasar J, et al. ULCOS: ultra-low CO2 steelmaking. Ironmak Steelmak. 2009;36:249–251. doi: 10.1179/174328109X439298
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quader MA, Ahmed S, Dawal S, et al. Present needs, recent progress and future trends of energy-efficient ultra-low carbon dioxide (CO2) steelmaking (ULCOS) program. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2016;55:537–549. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.101
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tonomura S. Outline of course 50′. Energy Procedia. 2013;37:7160–7167. doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.653
   Google Scholar
• Ueno H, Endo S, Tomomura S, et al. Outline of CO2 ultimate reduction in steelmaking process by innovative technology for cool earth 50 (COURSE50 project). J Jpn Inst Energ. 2015;94:1277–1283.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang JL. The applied and fundamental research on nitrogen free blast furnace [dissertation]. Beijing: University of Science and Technology Beijing; 2001 [in Chinese].
   Google Scholar
• Moran MJ. Availability analysis: a guide to efficient energy use. Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall; 1982
   Google Scholar
• Rosen M. Second-law analysis: approaches and implications. Int J Energ Res. 1999;23:415–429. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-114X(199904)23:5<415::AID-ER489>3.0.CO;2-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira SD. Exergy, Exergy Costing, and Renewability Analysis of Energy Conversion Processes. London: Springer; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Szargut J. Exergy balance of metallurgical processes. Arch Hutnictwa. 1961;6:23–60.
   Google Scholar
• Akiyama T, Sato H, Muramatsu A, et al. Feasibility study on blast furnace ironmaking system integrated with methanol synthesis for reduction of carbon dioxide emission and effective use of exergy. ISIJ Int. 1993;33:1136–1143. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.33.1136
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petela R, Hutny W, Price JT. Energy and exergy consumption and CO2 emissions in an ironmaking process. Adv Environ Res. 2002;6:157–170. doi: 10.1016/S1093-0191(01)00118-6
   Google Scholar
• Nogami H, Yagi J, Sampaio RS. Exergy analysis of charcoal charging operation of blast furnace. ISIJ Int. 2004;44:1646–1652. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.44.1646
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ostrovski O, Zhang G. Energy and exergy analyses of direct ironsmelting processes. Energy. 2005;30:2772–2783.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ziebik A, Stanek W. Influence of blast-furnace process thermal parameters on energy and exergy characteristics and exergy losses. Int J Energ Res. 2010;30:203–219. doi: 10.1002/er.1127
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ziebik A, Stanek W. Energy and exergy system analysis of thermal improvements of blast-furnace plants. Int J Energ Res. 2010;30:101–114. doi: 10.1002/er.1128
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu FZ, Cai JJ, Zhang Q, et al. Exergy analysis of energy and materials flows in the system of ironmaking plants. Ind Heat. 2007;36:15 [in Chinese].
   Google Scholar
• Zhang W. Exergy analysis of blast furnace process [dissertation], Shenyang: Northeastern University; 2009 [in Chinese].
   Google Scholar
• Liu X, Chen LG, Qin XY, et al. Exergy loss minimization for a blast furnace with comparative analyses for energy flows and exergy flows. Energy. 2015;93:10–19. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.09.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang W, Zhang JH, Xue ZL. Exergy analyses of the oxygen blast furnace with top gas recycling process. Energy. 2017;121:135–146. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.12.125
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qin MS, Zhang YT, Lu HS, et al. A comprehensive mathematical model for blast furnace ironmaking process. Iron Steel. 1990;10:9–14. [in Chinese]
   Google Scholar
• Yamaoka H, Kamei Y. Theoretical study on an oxygen blast furnace using mathematical simulation model. ISIJ Int. 2007;32:701–708. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.32.701
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han YH, Wang JS, Li YZ, et al. Comprehensive mathematical model of top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnaces. J Univ Sci Technol Beijing. 2011;33:1280–1286 [in Chinese].
   Google Scholar
• Wang Z, Fan WY, Zhang GQ, et al. Exergy analysis of methane cracking thermally coupled with chemical looping combustion for hydrogen production. Appl Energ. 2016;168:1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.01.076
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye DL. Practical thermodynamic data of inorganic substances. 2nd ed.Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press; 2002 [in Chinese].
   Google Scholar
• Barin I. Thermochemical data of pure substances. Beijing: Science Press; 2003 [in Chinese].
   Google Scholar
• Rant Z. Exergy, a new word for technical available work. Forsch Ing Wis. 1956;22:36–37.
   Google Scholar
• Organ AJ., et al. Stirling Cycle Engines: Inner Workings and Design. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Soundararajan K, Ho HK, Su B. Sankey diagram framework for energy and exergy flows. Appl Energ. 2014;136:1035–1042. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.08.070
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar