Harvest of Hope: The Contribution of Peri-Urban Agriculture in South African Townships

References

• Austen, A., Visser, A. 2002. Study report: Urban agriculture in South Africa. Pretoria: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research.
   Google Scholar
• Battese, G., Coelli, T.J. 1995. A model of technical inefficiency effects in a stochastic generalized frontier production function and panel data. Journal of Econometrics 38:387–399. doi: 10.1016/0304-4076(88)90053-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Battersby-Lennard, J., Haysom, G. 2012. Philippi Horticultural Area: A city asset or potential development node? Cape Town, South Africa: African Food Security Network and Rooftops Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Belete, A., Mariga, I.K. and Goqwana, W. 2005. Rural, urban and peri-urban agricultural potential in Buffalo City Municipality: Possibilities for the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Africa Insight 35(3):25–30.
   Google Scholar
• Binns, T. and Lynch, K. 1998. Feeding Africa's growing cities into the 21st century: The potential of urban agriculture. Journal of International Development 10:777–793. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1328(1998090)10:6<777::AID-JID532>3.0.CO;2-Z
   Google Scholar
• Chiapa, I. and King, B. 1998. Urban agriculture in Zimbabwe: Nature, significance and prospects. Proceedings of the Department of Water Affairs and Tourism and Technikon Pretoria International Conference on Productive Open Space Management, 3–5 March, Pretoria.
   Google Scholar
• Chiremba, S. and Masters, W. 2003. The experience of resettled farmers in Zimbabwe. African Studies Quarterly 7(2):97–117.
   Google Scholar
• Coelli, T.J., Prasada Rao, D.S., O'Donnell, C.J. and Battese, G.E. 2005. An introduction to efficiency and productivity analysis. 2^nd edition. Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Conradie, B. and Piesse, J. 2015. Productivity benchmarking of free-range sheep operations: Technical efficiency, correlates of productivity and dominant technology variants for Laingsburg, South Africa. Agrekon 54(2):1–17. doi: 10.1080/03031853.2015.1065186
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cornia, G.A. 1985. Farm size, land yields, and the agricultural production function: An analysis for fifteen developing countries. World Development 13(4):513–534. doi: 10.1016/0305-750X(85)90054-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danso, G. and Moustier, P. 2006. Local economic development and marketing of urban produced food. In Van Veenhuizen, R. (ed.), Cities farming for the future: Urban agriculture for green and productive cities. Cavite: IIRR (International Institute of Rural Reconstruction) and ETC Urban Agriculture.
   Google Scholar
• D'Haese, L., Calus, M., Kirsten, J.F., Van Huylenbroek, G. and Bostyn F. 2001. Efficiency analysis of small-scale wool production in the former Transkei, South Africa. Agrekon 40(1):641–655. doi: 10.1080/03031853.2001.9524980
   Google Scholar
• Gaspar, P., Mesias, F.J., Escribano, M. and Pulido, F. 2009. Assessing the technical efficiency of extensive livestock farming in Extremadra, Spain. Livestock Science 121:7–14. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2008.05.012
   Google Scholar
• Hochberg, Y. and Tamhane, A.C. 1987. Multiple comparison procedures. New York: Wiley and Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Howorth, C., Convery, I. and O'Keefe, P. 2001. Gardening to reduce hazard: Urban agriculture in Tanzania. Land Degradation and Development 12:285–291. doi: 10.1002/ldr.441
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobi, P., Amend, J. and Kiango, S. 2000. Urban agriculture in Dar es Salaam: Providing an indispensable part of the diet. In Bakker, N., Dubbeling, M., Guendel, S., Sabel-Koschella, U. and De Zeeuw, H. (Eds.), Growing cities growing food: Urban agriculture on the policy agenda. DSE, GTZ, CTA, SIDA.
   Google Scholar
• Kirsten, J.F. and Van Zyl, J. 1998. Defining small-scale farmers in the South African context. Agrekon 37(4):551–562. doi: 10.1080/03031853.1998.9523530
   Google Scholar
• Leibbrandt, M., Woolard, I., McEwan, H. and Koep, C. 2010. Employment and inequality outcomes in South Africa: What role for labour market and social policies? Cape Town: Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town.
   Google Scholar
• Lipton, M. 2013. Staples production: Efficient “subsistence” smallholders are key to poverty reduction, development, and trade. Proceedings of the UNCTAD Global Commodities Forum,. 18–19 March 2013. Geneva: Palais des Nations.
   Google Scholar
• May, J. and Rogerson, C.M., 1995. Poverty and sustainable cities in South Africa: The role of urban cultivation. Habitat International 19:165–181. doi: 10.1016/0197-3975(94)00064-9
   Google Scholar
• Maxwell, D., Levin, C. and Csete, J. 1998. Does urban agriculture help prevent malnutrition? Evidence from Kampala. Food Policy 23(5):411–424. doi: 10.1016/S0306-9192(98)00047-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nugent, R.A., 2000. The impact of urban agriculture on household and local economies. In Bakker, N., Dubbeling, M., Guendel, S., Sabel-Koschella, U. and De Zeeuw, H. (Eds.), Growing cities growing food: Urban agriculture on the policy agenda. DSE, GTZ, CTA, SIDA.
   Google Scholar
• Ngub'usim, M.N. and Streiffeler, F. 1982. Productive work for low-income families in an urban environment: An experience in Zaire. Ideas and Action 149:3–8.
   Google Scholar
• Nyariki, D.M. 2011. Farm size, modern technology, adoption, and efficiency of small holdings in developing countries: Evidence from Kenya. The Journal of Developing Areas 45:35–52. doi: 10.1353/jda.2011.0016
   Google Scholar
• Piesse, J., Von Bach, H.S., Thirtle, C. and Van Zyl, J. 1996. The efficiency of smallholder agriculture in South Africa. Journal of International Development 8(1):125–144. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1328(199601)8:1<125::AID-JID299>3.0.CO;2-T
   Google Scholar
• Rees, W.E. 1997. Why urban agriculture? Notes for the IDRC Development Forum on cities feeding people: A growth industry. Vancouver: IDRC (International Development Research Centre).
   Google Scholar
• Slater, R. 2001. Urban agriculture, gender and empowerment: An alternative view. Development Southern Africa 18(5):635–650. doi: 10.1080/03768350120097478
   Google Scholar
• Speelman, S., D'Haese, M. and D'Haese, L. 2011. Simulation of efficiency impact of drainage water re-use: Case of small-scale vegetable growers in North West province, South Africa. Agrekon 50(1):89–101. doi: 10.1080/03031853.2011.562711
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thirtle, C., Piesse, J., Lusigi, A. and Suhariyanto, K. 2003. Multi-factor agricultural productivity, efficiency and convergence in Botswana, 1981–1996. Journal of Development Economics 71(2):605–624.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thom, A.E., Conradie, B.I. 2013. Urban agriculture's enterprise potential: Exploring vegetable box schemes in Cape Town. Agrekon 52(S1):64–86. doi: 10.1080/03031853.2013.770953
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNDP (United Nations Development Programme). 1996. Urban agriculture: Food, jobs and sustainable cities. New York: UNDP.
   Google Scholar
• Van Averbeke, W. 2007. Urban farming in the informal settlements of Atteridgeville, Pretoria, South Africa. Water SA 33(3):337–342.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webb, N.L. 2011. When is enough enough? Advocacy, evidence and criticism in the field of urban agriculture in South Africa. Development Southern Africa 28(2):195–208. doi: 10.1080/0376835X.2011.570067
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar