Humanities in Engineering Education

REFERENCES

• Communism, although basically an economic ideology having much in common with fascism (and, on the surface, hardly distinguishable from it), has more profound philosophical roots than ordinary fascism. It is one answer to the basic question of philosophy and has its transcendence in the fact that it believes in the objectivity of science. Fascism, on the other hand, is, philosophically speaking, extremely shallow. The principles of brutal force, law and order and racism are most superficial and cannot stand critical questioning. That the Italian and the Spanish versions of fascism were not as bad as the German one can be attributed to the taming force of Catholicism in the respective countries .
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• MARCUSE , H. ( 1964 ) One-Dimensional Man, Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society ( Boston , MA , Beacon Press ). ( Just to remind us that this period was not completely barren philosophically .)
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• At the Prague SEFI-IGIP symposium 1994, I criticized that in the process of transforming the non-academical way in engineering education in Switzerland, the wrong people were involved. In fact, there was hardly an engineer among the people engaged in that process. One of the engineers thus challenged answered me “Well, you see, we engineers are happy to deal with our immediate problems, that's all we are really interested in.” Sure, that is not an explanation every engineer would offer .
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• Part of the irony I mentioned above is that at this very moment of communist triumph was marked by a turn in US politics. The cold war team Eisenhower/ Nixon was replaced by Kennedy, who was able to inspire new hope to the free world and a new impetus to Western economies .
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• See STRAHM , R.H. ( 1978 ) Overudvikling, Underudvikling , ( Kobenhavn , Mellemfolkeligt Samwirke ); ( 1980 ) Ueberentwicklung,, Unterentwicklung, 4. Aufl, (Gelnhausen, Burckhardhaus); (1988) Warum sie so arm sind (Wuppertal, Hammer); (1985) Derfor er de fattige; en arbeitsbog, (Kobenhavn, Mellemfolkeligt Samwirke); (1986) Pourquoisont-ils si pauvres? (Boudry, Baconniere); (1991) Per que somas tdo pobres? (Petropolis, Vozes).
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• I have experienced what that meant during my stay in the former Belgian Congo in the early 1970 s. The Belgians obviously looked after their African subjects well when they ruled out the country. After their hasty departure tilings went gradually down, huge construction projects taken up right after independence just ended somewhere in the bush and the standard of living sank by the year. Now the country, rich in natural sources still exploited, is among the poorest ones in the world.
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• In his closing address to the 1993 IGIP Symposium in Esslingen, Germany, Mr Edzard Reuter, Chairman of Mercedes-Benz, bluntly stated that the times of zero unemployment were over for good. He did not offer the least hint to a solution of that problem nor did he appear to see the cynicism contained in his statement.
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• See the struggle to force the Swiss to abandon their 28 t limit for road transport, the pressure on the Austrians because of the Brenner Motorway, the difficulties in applying the Alpenkonvention (convention to protect the Alps from the impact of heavy road traffic), to mention just a few aspects .
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• FLORMAN , S.C. ( 1987 ) The Civilized Engineer ( New York , St Martins ).
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• The first one was the end of World War I, the second the end of World War II.
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• Gudrun Kammasch (Fachhochschule Berlin) has called that phenomenon quite adequately ‘Quantelung des Wissens’ (dissolution of knowledge in minute parts; the expression contains a reference to Planck's quantum theory) in her contribution Reform der Reform? at the 1996 IGIP Symposium in Budapest. See Ivan Kiss/Adolf Melezinek, Bildung durch Kommunikation Referate des 25. International en Symposiums Ingenieurpädagogik 96 , Budapest , 1996 , Alsbach/Bergstrasse, (Leuchtturm) 1996 .
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• Even the eminent economist , John K, Galbraith, appears to adhere to this theory. See GALBRAITH, J.K. ( 1994 ) A Journey Through Economic Time ( Boston , MA , Houghton Mifflin ).
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• See RUH , H. ( 1992 ) Argument Ethik ( Zurich , Theologisches Verlag ).
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• RICHTER , H.E. ( 1987 ) Der Gotteskomplex; die Geburt und die Krise des Glaubens an die Allmacht des Menschen ( Hamburg , Rowohlt ).
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• THÜRKAUF , M. ( 1979 ) Wissenschaft und moralische Verantwonung ( Zürich , Ex Libris ); (1979) Pandorabüchsen der Naturwissenschaft (Schaffhausen, Novalis); (1978) Technomanie Die Todeskrankrheit des Materialismus (Schaffhausen, Novalis). See also RAPPOPORT, A. (1992) Weltbild, Wissen und Glauben (St Gallen, HSG) .
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• I am aware of the fact that these considerations do not include the economic aspect of the problem. It raises a host of other problems. But our individual smallness means that we cannot really control what goes on beyond our reach. This does not free us from our responsibility. See LENK, H. (1994) Macht und Machbarkeit der Technik (Stuttgart, Reclam); LENK , H. ROPOHL , G. ( 1993 ) Technik und Ethik (Stuttgart, Reclam); RUPRECHT, R. (1996) Zum Problem der Ethik in der Ingenieurschulbildung , in Kiss , I. & MELEZINEK , A. (Eds), Bildung durch Kommunikation Referate des 25. Internationalen Symposiums Ingenieurpädagogik 96 , Budapest , 1996 , Alsbach/Bergstrasse , ( Leuchtturm ) 1996.
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• See RUPRECHT , R. ( 1994 ) Sprache als Sprache ( Biel , Ingenieurschule ).
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