Topology optimization design of surface radar absorbing coatings

References

• Ahmad, Husnain, Asra Tariq, Amir Shehzad, Muhammad S. Faheem, Muhammad Shafiq, Iqra A. Rashid, Ayesha Afzal, et al. 2019. “Stealth Technology: Methods and Composite Materials—A Review.” Polymer Composites 40 (12): 4457–4472. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.25311.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• An, Zhimin, Yiping Li, Xiaoguang Luo, Yixing Huang, Rubing Zhang, and Daining Fang. 2022. “Multilaminate Metastructure for High-Temperature Radar–Infrared Bi-Stealth: Topological Optimization and Near-Room-Temperature Synthesis.” Matter 5 (6): 1937–1952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2022.04.011.
   Google Scholar
• Bendsøe, Martin Philip, and Noboru Kikuchi. 1988. “Generating Optimal Topologies in Structural Design Using a Homogenization Method.” Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 71 (2): 197–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7825(88)90086-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bendsøe, Martin Philip, and Ole Sigmund. 2003. Topology Optimization: Theory, Methods, and Applications. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, Fei, Jihong Zhu, and Weihong Zhang. 2022. “Topology Optimization for the Layout Design of Radar Absorbing Coatings in Cavities.” Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 65 (9): 250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-022-03342-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crispin, J. W. Jr. 2013. Methods of Radar Cross-Section Analysis. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science & Technology.
   Google Scholar
• Diaz, Alejandro R., and Ole Sigmund. 2010. “A Topology Optimization Method for Design of Negative Permeability Metamaterials.” Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 41 (2): 163–177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-009-0416-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong, Haowen, Shengdong Zhao, Yuesheng Wang, and Chuanzeng Zhang. 2017. “Topology Optimization of Anisotropic Broadband Double-Negative Elastic Metamaterials.” Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 105:54–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2017.04.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujii, Garuda, Masayuki Takahashi, and Youhei Akimoto. 2021. “Acoustic Cloak Designed by Topology Optimization for Acoustic–Elastic Coupled Systems.” Applied Physics Letters 118 (10): 101102. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0040911.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujii, Garuda, Hayato Watanabe, Takayuki Yamada, Tsuyoshi Ueta, and Mamoru Mizuno. 2013. “Level Set Based Topology Optimization for Optical Cloaks.” Applied Physics Letters 102 (25): 251106. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812471.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao, Xiang, Yongqiang Shi, Qingzhen Yang, and Lihai Chen. 2015. “Electromagnetic Scattering Characteristics of Double S-Shape Exhaust Nozzle with Different Coating Medium Parts.” Acta Physica Sinica 64 (2): 106–115. https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.64.024103.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, Xiao, Qingzhen Yang, Yongqiang Shi, Huicheng Yang, and Jin Bai. 2017. “Electromagnetic Scattering Characteristics of Spherical Convergent Vector Nozzle with Coating Medium At Different Parts.” Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica 38 (4): 1000–6893. https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2016.0295.
   Google Scholar
• Knott, Eugene F. 1993. Radar Cross Section Measurements. New York: Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9904-9.
   Google Scholar
• Knott, Eugene F., John Shaeffer, and Michael Tuley. 2004. Radar Cross Section. 2nd ed. Raleigh, NC: SciTech Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1049/SBRA026E.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar, Abhishek, and Samarjit Singh. 2018. “Development of Coatings for Radar Absorbing Materials At X-Band.” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 330:12006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/330/1/012006.
   Google Scholar
• Lu, Shaoze, Jun Huang, Lei Song, and Mingxu Yi. 2020. “A Study on Zoning Coating Method of Absorbing Materials for Stealth Aircraft.” Optik 208:163912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.163912.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, Shaoze, Jun Huang, and Mingxu Yi. 2020. “Study on Zonal Coating Design of Absorbing Material for a Stealth Helicopter.” Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 92 (7): 1011–1017. https://doi.org/10.1108/AEAT-01-2020-0004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo, Jiwang, Li Chen, Zihan Wang, and Wenquan Tao. 2022. “Topology Optimization of Thermal Cloak Using the Adjoint Lattice Boltzmann Method and the Level-Set Method.” Applied Thermal Engineering 216:119103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.119103.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meng, Min, and Zaiping Nie. 2004. “High-Efficiency Method of Physical Optics for EM Scattering From the Target with Super Large Electrical Size.” Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China 33 (5): 507–510.
   Google Scholar
• Munk, David J., Douglass J. Auld, Grant P. Steven, and Gareth A. Vio. 2019. “On the Benefits of Applying Topology Optimization to Structural Design of Aircraft Components.” Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 60 (3): 1245–1266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-019-02250-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radovcic, Y., and A. Remouchamps. 2002. “BOSS QUATTRO: An Open System for Parametric Design.” Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 23 (2): 140–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-002-0173-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi, Guanghui, Yupeng Zhang, Dongliang Quan, Dongtao Wu, and Chengqi Guan. 2018. “Conceptual Design of Aircraft Structure Based on Topology Optimization Method.” In Advances in Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization: Proceedings of the 12th World Congress of Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization (WCSMO12), 1083–1093. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67988-4_82.
   Google Scholar
• Svanberg, Krister. 1995. “A Globally Convergent Version of MMA without Linesearch.” In Proceedings of the first World Congress of Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization (WCSMO-1), Vol. 28, 9–16. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science & Technology Books.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Binfang, and Weijiang Zhao. 2015. “Analysis of High-Frequency Electromagnetic Scattering by Complex Targets Using Dual Flat Facet Representation.” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 63 (11): 4976–4982. http://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2015.2474702.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Fengwen, Boyan Stefanov Lazarov, and Ole Sigmund. 2011. “On Projection Methods, Convergence and Robust Formulations in Topology Optimization.” Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 43 (6): 767–784. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-010-0602-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Fengwen, Boyan Stefanov Lazarov, Ole Sigmund, and Jakob Søndergaard Jensen. 2014. “Interpolation Scheme for Fictitious Domain Techniques and Topology Optimization of Finite Strain Elastic Problems.” Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 276:453–472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2014.03.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Liwei, Jagannadh Boddapati, Ke Liu, Ping Zhu, Chiara Daraio, and Wei Chen. 2022. “Mechanical Cloak Via Data-Driven Aperiodic Metamaterial Design.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119 (13): e2122185119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2122185119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Yihui, Wei Sha, Mi Xiao, Chengwei Qiu, and Liang Gao. 2023. “Deep-Learning-Enabled Intelligent Design of Thermal Metamaterials.” Advanced Materials 35 (33): 2302387. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202302387.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, Shengli, Yuanwu Cai, and Gengdong Cheng. 2010. “Volume Preserving Nonlinear Density Filter Based on Heaviside Functions.” Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 41 (4): 495–505. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-009-0452-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, Zudi, and Xun Huang. 2022. “An Acoustic Cloaking Design Based on Topology Optimization.” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152 (6): 3510–3521. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0016493.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, Song, Yang Qingzhen, Gao Xiang, Shi Yongqiang, and He Yubo. 2022. “Electromagnetic Scattering Characteristics of Binary Plug Nozzle with Coating Medium At Different Part.” Journal of Propulsion Technology 43 (11): 210509. https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.64.024103.
   Google Scholar
• Yuzcelik, Cihangir Kemal. 2003. “Radar Absorbing Material Design.” PhD diss., Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA.
   Google Scholar
• Zhou, Deqiang, Meng Pan, Xiang Chang, Hua Wang, and Piyu Cao. 2017. “Research on Detection Modes of Ferromagnetic Component Defects Using Pulsed Eddy Current.” Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument 38 (6): 1498–1505. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319977405_Research_on_detection_modes_of_ferromagnetic_component_defects_using_pulsed_eddy_current
   Google Scholar
• Zhou, Shiwei, Wei Li, Yuhang Chen, Guangyong Sun, and Qing Li. 2011. “Topology Optimization for Negative Permeability Metamaterials Using Level-Set Algorithm.” Acta Materialia 59 (7): 2624–2636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2010.12.049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, Jihong, Weihong Zhang, and Liang Xia. 2016. “Topology Optimization in Aircraft and Aerospace Structures Design.” Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 23 (4): 595–622. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-015-9151-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zikidis, Konstantinos, Alexios Skondras, and Charisios Tokas. 2014. “Low Observable Principles, Stealth Aircraft and Anti-Stealth Technologies.” Journal of Computations & Modelling 4 (1): 129–165.
   Google Scholar