Bilbiographic Note
- Barth , F. 1973 . “ ‘A General Perspective on Nomad-Sedentary Relations’ ” . In The Desert and the Sown , Edited by: Nelson , C. Berkeley, California : University of California Press .
- Doombos , M. 1993 . “ ‘Pasture and Polis: The Roots of Political Marginalisation of Somali Pastoralism’ ” . In Conflict and the Decline of Pastoralism in the Horn of Africa , Edited by: Markakis , J. London : Macmillan .
- Galaydh , Ali K. 1990 . ‘Notes on the State of the Somali State’ . Horn of Africa , 13 ( 1–2 )
- Adam , Hussein M . 1992 . ‘Somalia: Militarism, Warlordism and Democracy?’ . Review of African Political Economy , : 54
- Khazanov , A.M. 1983 . Nomads and the Outside World , Cambridge University Press .
- Lewis , I.M. 1961 . A Pastoral Democracy , Oxford University Press .
- 1980 . The Modem History of Somalia: From Nation to State , London : Weidenfeld & Nicholson .
- Omar , Osman Rabeh . 1988 . L‘Etat et le Pansomalism , Paris : Editions Le Derwish .
- Ozay , M. 1971 . ‘Effectiveness of Foreign Aid --Somalia’ . The Journal of Modern African Studies , 9 : 1
- Samatar , Said and Laitin , D. 1987 . Somalia: Nation in Search of a State , Boulder, Colorado : Westview Press .
- Samatar , Abdi . 1989 . The State and Rural Transformation in Somalia, 1884–1986 , Madison, Wisconsin : University of Wisconsin Press .
- Samatar , Ahmed . 1988 . Socialist Somalia: Rhetoric and Reality , London : Zed Press .
- Yousuf , J.A. Duhul . The Somali Tribal Tangle: Tribal Solidarity versus the State’ . paper presented to the first conference of the European Association of Somali Studies . September 23–25 , London.